Biology Interim STAAR review BIS
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
lysosome - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that carries out the digestive processes in a
cell
rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER - has ribosomes; makes proteins
smooth ER - CORRECT ANSWER - detoxifies and makes lipids - has no attached
ribosomes
golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER - sorts and distributes proteins
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - where proteins are made
binary fission - CORRECT ANSWER - cell division the occurs in bacteria
result: 2 identical organisms (clones)
mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER - cell division in somatic cells of multicelled organisms
(nonsex cells) that occurs for growth and development
result: 2 cells with the same # of chromosomes as the parent cell
meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - cell division in gametes (sex cells); makes reproductive
cells
result: 4 cells with half the # of chromosomes as the parent cell
reduction division of meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - When the number of chromosomes
per cell is REDUCED in half as the cell DIVIDES; reduces chromosome number from 2n to n
, homologous chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Chromosomes that have the same
sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis. Form a tetrad.
Tetrad - CORRECT ANSWER - structure containing 4 sister chromatids that forms during
meiosis; each pair of homologous chromosomes
plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - cell membrane composed of phospolipid
molecules to serve as a boundary; semi-permeable
homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - maintaining a balanced internal enviornment
regarless of the external enviorment
passive transport - CORRECT ANSWER - when substances pass across the membrane
without requiring cellular energy
ex) osmosis
osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - the diffusion of water across a memebrane from an area
of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration
active transport - CORRECT ANSWER - when cell enegry is required for substances to
pass across the plasma membrane - ATP needed
cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - the process of transferring stored energy
from glucose to energy for the cell (ATP)
cellular respiration formula - CORRECT ANSWER - C6 H12 06 + 6O2 ---> 6CO2 +
6H2O + ATP
photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER - the process by which plants make their own food
(glucose)
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
lysosome - CORRECT ANSWER - organelle that carries out the digestive processes in a
cell
rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER - has ribosomes; makes proteins
smooth ER - CORRECT ANSWER - detoxifies and makes lipids - has no attached
ribosomes
golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER - sorts and distributes proteins
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - where proteins are made
binary fission - CORRECT ANSWER - cell division the occurs in bacteria
result: 2 identical organisms (clones)
mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER - cell division in somatic cells of multicelled organisms
(nonsex cells) that occurs for growth and development
result: 2 cells with the same # of chromosomes as the parent cell
meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - cell division in gametes (sex cells); makes reproductive
cells
result: 4 cells with half the # of chromosomes as the parent cell
reduction division of meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - When the number of chromosomes
per cell is REDUCED in half as the cell DIVIDES; reduces chromosome number from 2n to n
, homologous chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Chromosomes that have the same
sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis. Form a tetrad.
Tetrad - CORRECT ANSWER - structure containing 4 sister chromatids that forms during
meiosis; each pair of homologous chromosomes
plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - cell membrane composed of phospolipid
molecules to serve as a boundary; semi-permeable
homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - maintaining a balanced internal enviornment
regarless of the external enviorment
passive transport - CORRECT ANSWER - when substances pass across the membrane
without requiring cellular energy
ex) osmosis
osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - the diffusion of water across a memebrane from an area
of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration
active transport - CORRECT ANSWER - when cell enegry is required for substances to
pass across the plasma membrane - ATP needed
cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - the process of transferring stored energy
from glucose to energy for the cell (ATP)
cellular respiration formula - CORRECT ANSWER - C6 H12 06 + 6O2 ---> 6CO2 +
6H2O + ATP
photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER - the process by which plants make their own food
(glucose)
