Portage Pathophysiology Module 5
The rate of perfusion must exceed the
rate of ventilation in order to ensure ad- False
equate oxygenation (T/F)
Exercise, allergens, and emotion can all
True
contribute to an asthma attack. (T/F)
The breathing rate is determined by input
from _____ that monitor oxygen, carbon Chemoreceptors
dioxide, and pH levels in the blood
Lung _______ is the lungs ability to
Compliance
stretch and expand
During inspiration, air is drawn into the
lungs and the chest cavity is decreased. False
(T/F)
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease) is reversible airway bron- False
choconstriction. (T/F)
The accessory muscles are the main
False. Diaphragm
muscles of inspiration. (T/F)
Excess surface tension makes lung infla-
True
tion harder. (T/F)
_______ lowers the surface tension and
Pulmonary surfactant
makes lung inflation easier.
________ is the flow of blood in the ad-
Perfusion
jacent pulmonary capillaries.
What cells contribute to airway inflam- Eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils,
mation in asthma? leukotrienes, and lymphocytes
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is most
Emphysema
likely seen in which disease process?
Histologically, chronic bronchitis would
exhibit each of the following except:
A. Enlargement of the airspace A. Enlargement of the airspaces
B. Increase in goblet cells
C. Fibrosis of the bronchiolar wall
, Portage Pathophysiology Module 5
D. Hypertrophy of the submucosal
glands
Each are true of ARDS (acute respirato-
ry distress syndrome) except:
A. Chest x-rays shows a "white-out"
B. Decreased surfactant function Presents with decreased respiratory rate
C. Increased capillary permeability
D. Presents with decreased respiratory
rate
The risk is greatest following surgery be-
cause anesthesia pain medication and
immobility may help to develop bronchial
When is the risk for obstructive atelec-
secretions.
tasis the greatest? What are strategies
Strategies to decrease the chance of de-
to decrease the chance for developing
veloping atelectasis would be encourag-
atelectasis?
ing patient to frequently cough, breathe
deeply, change positions, hydrate ade-
quately, and ambulate early.
Their medullary respiratory center has
adapted to the elevated CO2 levels
Explain why the oxygen flow rate for peo- and no longer responds to increases in
ple with COPD is normally titrated to PCO2. Therefore, a decrease in PO2 be-
maintain the arterial PO2 between 60 comes the stimulus for respiration. If oxy-
and 65 mm Hg. gen is given at too high of a rate, it sup-
presses the stimulus and the respiratory
drive.
1. The patient's lung showed the follow-
1. Smoking cessation
ing: what is the only treatment that can
2. Carbon Dioxide
delay the progression of this disease?
, Portage Pathophysiology Module 5
2. Which is more soluble in plasma: car-
bon dioxide or oxygen?
Some people have the triad of asthma,
chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasal polyps.
Aspirin and other NSAIDs
They have asthma attacks in response to
taking what medication?
Each of the following can lead to atelec-
tasis except:
A. tumor mass
C. Thrombus
B. Mucous plug
C. Thrombus
D. Pleural effusion
Asthma exhibits each of the following
characteristics except:
A. Bronchial swelling
C. Hypertrophy of submucosal glands
B. Mucus secretion
C. Hypertrophy of submucosal glands
D. Airway remodeling
Each of the following can be daily treat-
ments for asthma except:
A. Bronchodilators
B. Oxygen therapy
B. Oxygen therapy
C. Leukotriene modifiers
D. Inhaled corticosteroids
hypoventilation is associated with de-
False
creased PCO2. (T/F)
The breathing rate is determined by input
from ________ that monitor oxygen, car- Chemoreceptors
bon dioxide, and pH levels in the blood.
Term used to describe the ease or diffi-
culty with which the lungs can be inflat- Compliance
ed.
The rate of perfusion must exceed the
rate of ventilation in order to ensure ad- False
equate oxygenation (T/F)
Exercise, allergens, and emotion can all
True
contribute to an asthma attack. (T/F)
The breathing rate is determined by input
from _____ that monitor oxygen, carbon Chemoreceptors
dioxide, and pH levels in the blood
Lung _______ is the lungs ability to
Compliance
stretch and expand
During inspiration, air is drawn into the
lungs and the chest cavity is decreased. False
(T/F)
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease) is reversible airway bron- False
choconstriction. (T/F)
The accessory muscles are the main
False. Diaphragm
muscles of inspiration. (T/F)
Excess surface tension makes lung infla-
True
tion harder. (T/F)
_______ lowers the surface tension and
Pulmonary surfactant
makes lung inflation easier.
________ is the flow of blood in the ad-
Perfusion
jacent pulmonary capillaries.
What cells contribute to airway inflam- Eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils,
mation in asthma? leukotrienes, and lymphocytes
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is most
Emphysema
likely seen in which disease process?
Histologically, chronic bronchitis would
exhibit each of the following except:
A. Enlargement of the airspace A. Enlargement of the airspaces
B. Increase in goblet cells
C. Fibrosis of the bronchiolar wall
, Portage Pathophysiology Module 5
D. Hypertrophy of the submucosal
glands
Each are true of ARDS (acute respirato-
ry distress syndrome) except:
A. Chest x-rays shows a "white-out"
B. Decreased surfactant function Presents with decreased respiratory rate
C. Increased capillary permeability
D. Presents with decreased respiratory
rate
The risk is greatest following surgery be-
cause anesthesia pain medication and
immobility may help to develop bronchial
When is the risk for obstructive atelec-
secretions.
tasis the greatest? What are strategies
Strategies to decrease the chance of de-
to decrease the chance for developing
veloping atelectasis would be encourag-
atelectasis?
ing patient to frequently cough, breathe
deeply, change positions, hydrate ade-
quately, and ambulate early.
Their medullary respiratory center has
adapted to the elevated CO2 levels
Explain why the oxygen flow rate for peo- and no longer responds to increases in
ple with COPD is normally titrated to PCO2. Therefore, a decrease in PO2 be-
maintain the arterial PO2 between 60 comes the stimulus for respiration. If oxy-
and 65 mm Hg. gen is given at too high of a rate, it sup-
presses the stimulus and the respiratory
drive.
1. The patient's lung showed the follow-
1. Smoking cessation
ing: what is the only treatment that can
2. Carbon Dioxide
delay the progression of this disease?
, Portage Pathophysiology Module 5
2. Which is more soluble in plasma: car-
bon dioxide or oxygen?
Some people have the triad of asthma,
chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasal polyps.
Aspirin and other NSAIDs
They have asthma attacks in response to
taking what medication?
Each of the following can lead to atelec-
tasis except:
A. tumor mass
C. Thrombus
B. Mucous plug
C. Thrombus
D. Pleural effusion
Asthma exhibits each of the following
characteristics except:
A. Bronchial swelling
C. Hypertrophy of submucosal glands
B. Mucus secretion
C. Hypertrophy of submucosal glands
D. Airway remodeling
Each of the following can be daily treat-
ments for asthma except:
A. Bronchodilators
B. Oxygen therapy
B. Oxygen therapy
C. Leukotriene modifiers
D. Inhaled corticosteroids
hypoventilation is associated with de-
False
creased PCO2. (T/F)
The breathing rate is determined by input
from ________ that monitor oxygen, car- Chemoreceptors
bon dioxide, and pH levels in the blood.
Term used to describe the ease or diffi-
culty with which the lungs can be inflat- Compliance
ed.
