STAT PEARLS- CHSOS EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% accurate
solutions)| ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the 6 hierarchical levels of Bloom Taxonomy? - (ANSWERS)The revised Bloom
!@#$$$$$$$$$$%
taxonomy has six hierarchical levels: remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and
create
Remember- Recall and understanding show basic knowledge of a topic. When a learner moves
to the evaluation phase, he/she has the ability to diagnose and treat but move beyond that
towards critically appraising other methods.
Understand
Apply- When a learner applies information, he/she can show how they understand the
knowledge and use it in clinical practice.
Analyze
Evaluate
Create
What type of simulation is stopped repeatedly during the scenario? When is this type of
simulation used? - (ANSWERS)RAPID CYCLE DELIBERATIVE: Feedback in rapid cycle
deliberative practice comes during multiple pauses, and micro debriefs within the scenario.
Microdebriefing and the subsequent repetition of some or all of the scenarios allow for the
incorporation of this feedback during iterative cycles of the simulation. Rapid cycle deliberative
practice allows for multiple learning points to be addressed during different micro debriefs.
Highly scripted, algorithmic cases, such as those in a resuscitation, have been studied for use
in rapid cycle deliberative practice.
A medical simulation program has been started at a facility. While participants seem to enjoy
their simulation scenarios, the post-course surveys suggest that they would like better-quality
feedback on how they have done. Before the next simulation course, a literature review of
recent trends in simulation debriefing is done, and a new debriefing technique is considered to
improve the learning experience. Which of the following innovations is most likely to improve
the quality of debriefing for the participants? - (ANSWERS)Giving observers specific tasks to
complete while they observe their peers during a scenario and using these during the feedback
session. There is some evidence for the use of "collaboration scripts," which are instructional
tools with content-specific roles and activities for non-active participants to complete while
they watch others. These may result in better quality feedback for the participants at the end of
each scenario.
, STAT PEARLS- CHSOS EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% accurate
solutions)| ALREADY GRADED A+
!@#$$$$$$$$$$%
High-fidelity simulation is appropriate at all four levels of Miller's pyramid of clinical
competence. What are all four levels of Miller's pyramid of clinical competence? And examples
of how each level is tested. - (ANSWERS)An understanding of educational principles such as
Miller's pyramid of clinical competence and Benner's novice-to-expert model, guide the
determination of the appropriate level of fidelity.
"Shows how" refers to the demonstration of clinical skills, which can be tested by OSCE,
standardized patients, clinical exams, etc. (competency).
"Does" refers to the top of the pyramid and correlates to daily patient care, which can be
assessed by direct observation in clinical settings (performance).
"Knows how" refers to the application of knowledge and can be tested by clinical problem-
solving.
"Knows" refers to the bottom of the pyramid and correlates with knowledge, which can be
tested by written exams.
Miller's pyramid and how it is tested (simplified) - (ANSWERS)Knows- written exams
Knows how- clinical problem solving
Shows how- OSCE, clinical exams
Does- direct observation in clinical setting
In Miller's pyramidal model, a learner progresses from knowledge (having knowledge about a
procedure) to competence (having knowledge about how to do a procedure) to performance
(being able to demonstrate the procedure) to action (actually performing the procedure in the
field).
What are latent organizational weaknesses? - (ANSWERS)unknown human errors in a system
from the past that do not surface until triggered by another event.
"If you pit a good performer against a bad system, the system will win every time."
What is deliberate practice? - (ANSWERS)Deliberate practice is an educational framework that
encompasses defined and achievable learning objectives, focussed and repetitive practice,
and informative and personalized feedback in the form of a debrief. These factors ensure that
set tasks and skills can be practiced, and feedback can be delivered in a consistent and highly
educational format.
, STAT PEARLS- CHSOS EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% accurate
solutions)| ALREADY GRADED A+
Simulation with deliberate practice has been shown to be more effective than traditional
!@#$$$$$$$$$$%
methods of teaching in multiple studies. However, simulation cannot replace the benefits of
actual clinical experience.
Deliberate practice is an insight into the skills we are learning. This insight allows for further
development, and if performed several times, the learner becomes a teacher and can modify
the technique based on experience.
Deliberate practice is a higher level of understanding and learning where the mechanical part
of a skill has already being dominated as well as the functionality of the procedure.
Deliberate practice is not just a mechanical achievement. It is also having an insight into the
procedures we are performing as well as understanding the steps.
Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills (C-SATS) - (ANSWERS)Crowdsourcing refers to
a model used by an organization in which unbiased observers or "the crowd" perform a service.
In procedural skills assessment, a video recording of the performance is shared with the crowd,
and then they are asked to evaluate the performance using an assessment instrument.
The crowd is usually comprised of a big number of observers that are trained to examine the
videos using the same instructions.
Increasing evidence is showing that the crowd assessment correlates with surgical experts
demonstrating that crowd-sourcing can be used as an objective evaluation method.
What is a global rating scale? - (ANSWERS)Global rating scales (GRS) uses a rating scale to
evaluate the quality of the skill developed during the training. GRS can be developed to evaluate
both objective and subjective criteria for evaluation. GRS can be used for evaluating non-
technical skills like coordination and communication skills, which are essential for enhancing
the outcomes in disaster medicine.
EP vs SP - (ANSWERS)The ideal use of eps (embedded Simulation Personnel) includes scripting
and training all roles and teaching them the timing of the scenario as well as its learning
objectives. Eps should also be included in rehearsal simulation scenarios and offered feedback
on their role.
Vs Standardized Patient
Direct Cost vs Opportunity Cost vs Material Cost vs Indirect Cost - (ANSWERS)This is a prime
example of an opportunity cost (Physician volunteers 10 hrs each week doing sim). The
physician is presumably giving up some clinical time in order to teach. This clinical time given
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% accurate
solutions)| ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the 6 hierarchical levels of Bloom Taxonomy? - (ANSWERS)The revised Bloom
!@#$$$$$$$$$$%
taxonomy has six hierarchical levels: remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and
create
Remember- Recall and understanding show basic knowledge of a topic. When a learner moves
to the evaluation phase, he/she has the ability to diagnose and treat but move beyond that
towards critically appraising other methods.
Understand
Apply- When a learner applies information, he/she can show how they understand the
knowledge and use it in clinical practice.
Analyze
Evaluate
Create
What type of simulation is stopped repeatedly during the scenario? When is this type of
simulation used? - (ANSWERS)RAPID CYCLE DELIBERATIVE: Feedback in rapid cycle
deliberative practice comes during multiple pauses, and micro debriefs within the scenario.
Microdebriefing and the subsequent repetition of some or all of the scenarios allow for the
incorporation of this feedback during iterative cycles of the simulation. Rapid cycle deliberative
practice allows for multiple learning points to be addressed during different micro debriefs.
Highly scripted, algorithmic cases, such as those in a resuscitation, have been studied for use
in rapid cycle deliberative practice.
A medical simulation program has been started at a facility. While participants seem to enjoy
their simulation scenarios, the post-course surveys suggest that they would like better-quality
feedback on how they have done. Before the next simulation course, a literature review of
recent trends in simulation debriefing is done, and a new debriefing technique is considered to
improve the learning experience. Which of the following innovations is most likely to improve
the quality of debriefing for the participants? - (ANSWERS)Giving observers specific tasks to
complete while they observe their peers during a scenario and using these during the feedback
session. There is some evidence for the use of "collaboration scripts," which are instructional
tools with content-specific roles and activities for non-active participants to complete while
they watch others. These may result in better quality feedback for the participants at the end of
each scenario.
, STAT PEARLS- CHSOS EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% accurate
solutions)| ALREADY GRADED A+
!@#$$$$$$$$$$%
High-fidelity simulation is appropriate at all four levels of Miller's pyramid of clinical
competence. What are all four levels of Miller's pyramid of clinical competence? And examples
of how each level is tested. - (ANSWERS)An understanding of educational principles such as
Miller's pyramid of clinical competence and Benner's novice-to-expert model, guide the
determination of the appropriate level of fidelity.
"Shows how" refers to the demonstration of clinical skills, which can be tested by OSCE,
standardized patients, clinical exams, etc. (competency).
"Does" refers to the top of the pyramid and correlates to daily patient care, which can be
assessed by direct observation in clinical settings (performance).
"Knows how" refers to the application of knowledge and can be tested by clinical problem-
solving.
"Knows" refers to the bottom of the pyramid and correlates with knowledge, which can be
tested by written exams.
Miller's pyramid and how it is tested (simplified) - (ANSWERS)Knows- written exams
Knows how- clinical problem solving
Shows how- OSCE, clinical exams
Does- direct observation in clinical setting
In Miller's pyramidal model, a learner progresses from knowledge (having knowledge about a
procedure) to competence (having knowledge about how to do a procedure) to performance
(being able to demonstrate the procedure) to action (actually performing the procedure in the
field).
What are latent organizational weaknesses? - (ANSWERS)unknown human errors in a system
from the past that do not surface until triggered by another event.
"If you pit a good performer against a bad system, the system will win every time."
What is deliberate practice? - (ANSWERS)Deliberate practice is an educational framework that
encompasses defined and achievable learning objectives, focussed and repetitive practice,
and informative and personalized feedback in the form of a debrief. These factors ensure that
set tasks and skills can be practiced, and feedback can be delivered in a consistent and highly
educational format.
, STAT PEARLS- CHSOS EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% accurate
solutions)| ALREADY GRADED A+
Simulation with deliberate practice has been shown to be more effective than traditional
!@#$$$$$$$$$$%
methods of teaching in multiple studies. However, simulation cannot replace the benefits of
actual clinical experience.
Deliberate practice is an insight into the skills we are learning. This insight allows for further
development, and if performed several times, the learner becomes a teacher and can modify
the technique based on experience.
Deliberate practice is a higher level of understanding and learning where the mechanical part
of a skill has already being dominated as well as the functionality of the procedure.
Deliberate practice is not just a mechanical achievement. It is also having an insight into the
procedures we are performing as well as understanding the steps.
Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills (C-SATS) - (ANSWERS)Crowdsourcing refers to
a model used by an organization in which unbiased observers or "the crowd" perform a service.
In procedural skills assessment, a video recording of the performance is shared with the crowd,
and then they are asked to evaluate the performance using an assessment instrument.
The crowd is usually comprised of a big number of observers that are trained to examine the
videos using the same instructions.
Increasing evidence is showing that the crowd assessment correlates with surgical experts
demonstrating that crowd-sourcing can be used as an objective evaluation method.
What is a global rating scale? - (ANSWERS)Global rating scales (GRS) uses a rating scale to
evaluate the quality of the skill developed during the training. GRS can be developed to evaluate
both objective and subjective criteria for evaluation. GRS can be used for evaluating non-
technical skills like coordination and communication skills, which are essential for enhancing
the outcomes in disaster medicine.
EP vs SP - (ANSWERS)The ideal use of eps (embedded Simulation Personnel) includes scripting
and training all roles and teaching them the timing of the scenario as well as its learning
objectives. Eps should also be included in rehearsal simulation scenarios and offered feedback
on their role.
Vs Standardized Patient
Direct Cost vs Opportunity Cost vs Material Cost vs Indirect Cost - (ANSWERS)This is a prime
example of an opportunity cost (Physician volunteers 10 hrs each week doing sim). The
physician is presumably giving up some clinical time in order to teach. This clinical time given
