lOMoARcPSD|26582732
Comprehensive Final Review
2025 With correct answers
medsurg Maternity
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia.
- Cool, clammy skin
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the
following manifestations should the nurse except.
- Acetone odor to breath
3. A nurse is assessing a client who has Graves disease. The nurse should
expect which of the following laboratory results.
- Decreased Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level
4. A nurse in a provider’s office is collecting data from a client who is states he
was recently exposed to tuberculosis. Which of the following findings is a
clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis?
- Night Sweats: nights sweats and fevers are clinical manifestations of
tuberculosis.
5. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and pneumonia. The nurse should monitor the client for
which of the following acid-base imbalances?
- Respiratory Acidosis is a common complication of COPD. This
complication occurs because clients who have COPD are unable to
exhale carbon dioxide due to a loss of elastic recoil in the lungs.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy with an inflated cuff in
place. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should
suction the client's airway secretions?
- The client has coarse crackles in the lung fields. The nurse should
auscultate coarse crackles or rhonchi, identify a moist cough, hear or see
secretions in the tracheostomy tube, and then suction the client’s
airway secretions.
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7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about pulmonary function tests.
Which of the following tests measures the volume of air the lungs can hold
at the end of maximum inhalation?
- Total lung capacity: pulmonary function tests are used to examine the
effectiveness of the lungs and identify lung problems. Total lung capacity
measures the amount of air the lungs can hold after maximum
inhalation.
8. A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client following placement of
a chest tube 1 hr ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse
include in the plan of care?
- Tape all connections between the chest tube and drainage system. The
nurse should tape all connections to ensure that the system is airtight
and prevent the chest tubing from accidently disconnecting.
9. A nurse is assisting with the care for a client who had a chest tube inserted
12 hr ago. The nurse notes a crackling sensation upon palpation of the skin
on the right side of the client's chest. The nurse should notify the charge
nurse that the client is demonstrating a clinical manifestation of which of
the following complications?
- Crepitus: is also called subcutaneous emphysema, is a coarse crackling
sensation that the nurse can feel when palpating the skin surface over
the client’s chest. Crepitus indicated an air leak into the subcutaneous
tissue, which is often a clinical manifestation of a pneumothorax.
10. A nurse on a medical unit is assisting with the care of a client who has a
possible closed pneumothorax and significant bruising of the left chest
following a motor-vehicle crash. The client reports severe left chest pain on
inspiration. The nurse should hear which of the following findings when
auscultating the client’s lung sounds?
- Absence of breath sounds: a client who has pneumothorax experiences
severely diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side.
11. A nurse in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who reports
exposure to anthrax. Which of the following findings is an indication of the
prodromal stage of inhalation anthrax?
- Dry cough: the client who has a dry cough has a clinical manifestation
found in the prodromal stage of inhalation anthrax. During this stage, it
is difficult to distinguish from influenza or pneumonia because there is
no sore throat or rhinitis.
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12. A nurse in a clinic is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to have a
tuberculin skin test. Which of the following information should the nurse
include? - You must return to the clinic to have the test read in 2 or 3
days.
13. A nurse is assisting with discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative
following a rhinoplasty. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
- Lie on your back with your head elevated 30 degrees when resting. The
nurse should instruct the client to rest in the semi-fowler’s position to
prevent aspiration of nasal secretions.
14. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has cystic fibrosis and a
prescription for daily chest physiotherapy. The nurse should instruct the
client that which of the following is the purpose of these treatments?
- To mobilize secretions in the airways. The purpose of chest
physiotherapy is a loosen the client’s secretions and promote drainage
of secretions from the lungs. Chest physiotherapy includes percussion,
vibration, and promotion of drainage by gravity.
15. A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client who is to undergo
a pneumonectomy. The client states, "I am afraid it will hurt to cough after
the surgery." Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- I will show you how to splint your incision while coughing. The client
who had a pneumonectomy must cough to clear secretions from the
remaining lung. The nurse should show the client how to splint her
incision to reduce pain when coughing.
16. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a prescription for cisplatin
IV to treat lung cancer. Which of the following client findings is an adverse
effect of this medication?
- Tinnitus: an adverse effect of cisplatin is ototoxicity, which can cause
tinnitus.
17. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about pursed lip breathing for a client who
has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. The nurse
should explain that this breathing technique does which of the following?
- Keeps the airways open on exhalation. The client who has COPD with
emphysema should use pursed lip breathing when experiencing
dyspnea. This is one of the
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Comprehensive Final Review
2025 With correct answers
medsurg Maternity
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia.
- Cool, clammy skin
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the
following manifestations should the nurse except.
- Acetone odor to breath
3. A nurse is assessing a client who has Graves disease. The nurse should
expect which of the following laboratory results.
- Decreased Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level
4. A nurse in a provider’s office is collecting data from a client who is states he
was recently exposed to tuberculosis. Which of the following findings is a
clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis?
- Night Sweats: nights sweats and fevers are clinical manifestations of
tuberculosis.
5. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and pneumonia. The nurse should monitor the client for
which of the following acid-base imbalances?
- Respiratory Acidosis is a common complication of COPD. This
complication occurs because clients who have COPD are unable to
exhale carbon dioxide due to a loss of elastic recoil in the lungs.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy with an inflated cuff in
place. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should
suction the client's airway secretions?
- The client has coarse crackles in the lung fields. The nurse should
auscultate coarse crackles or rhonchi, identify a moist cough, hear or see
secretions in the tracheostomy tube, and then suction the client’s
airway secretions.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about pulmonary function tests.
Which of the following tests measures the volume of air the lungs can hold
at the end of maximum inhalation?
- Total lung capacity: pulmonary function tests are used to examine the
effectiveness of the lungs and identify lung problems. Total lung capacity
measures the amount of air the lungs can hold after maximum
inhalation.
8. A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client following placement of
a chest tube 1 hr ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse
include in the plan of care?
- Tape all connections between the chest tube and drainage system. The
nurse should tape all connections to ensure that the system is airtight
and prevent the chest tubing from accidently disconnecting.
9. A nurse is assisting with the care for a client who had a chest tube inserted
12 hr ago. The nurse notes a crackling sensation upon palpation of the skin
on the right side of the client's chest. The nurse should notify the charge
nurse that the client is demonstrating a clinical manifestation of which of
the following complications?
- Crepitus: is also called subcutaneous emphysema, is a coarse crackling
sensation that the nurse can feel when palpating the skin surface over
the client’s chest. Crepitus indicated an air leak into the subcutaneous
tissue, which is often a clinical manifestation of a pneumothorax.
10. A nurse on a medical unit is assisting with the care of a client who has a
possible closed pneumothorax and significant bruising of the left chest
following a motor-vehicle crash. The client reports severe left chest pain on
inspiration. The nurse should hear which of the following findings when
auscultating the client’s lung sounds?
- Absence of breath sounds: a client who has pneumothorax experiences
severely diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side.
11. A nurse in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who reports
exposure to anthrax. Which of the following findings is an indication of the
prodromal stage of inhalation anthrax?
- Dry cough: the client who has a dry cough has a clinical manifestation
found in the prodromal stage of inhalation anthrax. During this stage, it
is difficult to distinguish from influenza or pneumonia because there is
no sore throat or rhinitis.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
12. A nurse in a clinic is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to have a
tuberculin skin test. Which of the following information should the nurse
include? - You must return to the clinic to have the test read in 2 or 3
days.
13. A nurse is assisting with discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative
following a rhinoplasty. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
- Lie on your back with your head elevated 30 degrees when resting. The
nurse should instruct the client to rest in the semi-fowler’s position to
prevent aspiration of nasal secretions.
14. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has cystic fibrosis and a
prescription for daily chest physiotherapy. The nurse should instruct the
client that which of the following is the purpose of these treatments?
- To mobilize secretions in the airways. The purpose of chest
physiotherapy is a loosen the client’s secretions and promote drainage
of secretions from the lungs. Chest physiotherapy includes percussion,
vibration, and promotion of drainage by gravity.
15. A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client who is to undergo
a pneumonectomy. The client states, "I am afraid it will hurt to cough after
the surgery." Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- I will show you how to splint your incision while coughing. The client
who had a pneumonectomy must cough to clear secretions from the
remaining lung. The nurse should show the client how to splint her
incision to reduce pain when coughing.
16. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a prescription for cisplatin
IV to treat lung cancer. Which of the following client findings is an adverse
effect of this medication?
- Tinnitus: an adverse effect of cisplatin is ototoxicity, which can cause
tinnitus.
17. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about pursed lip breathing for a client who
has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. The nurse
should explain that this breathing technique does which of the following?
- Keeps the airways open on exhalation. The client who has COPD with
emphysema should use pursed lip breathing when experiencing
dyspnea. This is one of the
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
