Pharmacology FNP EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS (ACCURATE SOLUTIONS)
ALREADY PASSED HIGHEST TEST GRADED A+.
/. Macrolides (erythro, clarithro, pediazole), Antifungals (ketoconazole, fluconazole),
Cisapride (Propulsid) *Been pulled, Cimetidine (Tagament), Citalopram (Celexa) -
Answer-Causes the most interactions
/.Cause or exacerbate CHF in some patient. Do not use in Class III or IV heart failure;
Stop Actos if c/o dyspnea, weight gain, cough (heart failure) - Answer-
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) - Pioglitazone (Actos)
/.High risk of weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and type 2;
Monitor weight every 3 months, higher mortality in elderly patients
Monitor TSH, lipids, weight/BMI - Answer-Atypical antipsychotics -
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Quietipine (Seroquel)
/.Jaw pain (jaw necrosis), chest pain, difficulty swallowing, burning mid-back
(perforation).
Take alone upon awakening with 8 oz glass of water not juice before breakfast.
Do not lie down x 30 min. afterwards, do not mix with other meds. - Answer-
Bisposphonates-
Alendronate (Fosamax)
Risedronate (Actonel)
/.Do not mix with grapefruit juice
Drug induced hepatitis or rhabdomyolysis higher if mixed with azole antifungals
High dose Zocor (80mg) has highest risk for rhabdo (muscle pain, tenderness)
CK (creatine kinase) level goes up - Answer-Statin-
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Lovastatin (Mevacor)
Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
Simvastatin (Zocor)
/.High risk of C. diff associated diarrhea
Metronidazole (Flagyl) PO TID x 10-14 days
Probiotics daily - BID x few weeks - Answer-Lincosamides-
Clindamycin (Cleocin)
/.Treats a-fib
, Overdose: anorexia, N/V, abd pain, arrhythmias, confusion, yellowish green tinged-color
vision, scotomas (paritial loss of vision or blind spot)
Treatment: Digibind
Labs: Potassium, Magnesium, Calcium, Creatinine, serial EKGs - Answer-Cardiac
Glycosides -
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
/.Hold warfarin for 1 to 2 doses , recheck INR every 2 to 3 days until it is stable (btw 2.0-
3.0)
OR
Hold warfarin and add a small dose of oral vit. K
After stable recheck monthly - Answer-INR between 5.0 and 9.0 (without bleeding)
/.green leafy vegetables, broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage (ALL GREEN)
Mayonnaise, canola oil, and soybean oil - Answer-Foods high in Vitamin K
/.increases stroke 6-fold - Answer-INR below 2.0
/.risk for hemorrhage in elderly (>70) - Answer-INR high
/.First line for uncomplicated hypertension, heart failure, edema - Answer-Thiazide
diurectics -
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
Chlorthalidone (longer acting and more potent than HCTZ)
Indapamide
/.Hyperglycemia
Elevated TG and LDL
Elevates uric acid
Hypokalemia - Answer-Thiazide diurectics adverse effects
/.Decrease calcium excretion by kidneys and stimulate osteoclast formation - Answer-
Thiazide diurectics benefits
/.serious sulfa allergy and use potassium-sparing diuretics (triamterene, amiloride) -
Answer-Avoid Thiazide diurectics if
/.Hypertension
Alternative diuretic for pt with severe sulfa allergy - Answer-Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
-
Triamterene (Dyrenium)
Amiloride (Midamor)
/.Hyperkalemia (fatal)
Higher risk for those with:
Renal impairment
CORRECT ANSWERS (ACCURATE SOLUTIONS)
ALREADY PASSED HIGHEST TEST GRADED A+.
/. Macrolides (erythro, clarithro, pediazole), Antifungals (ketoconazole, fluconazole),
Cisapride (Propulsid) *Been pulled, Cimetidine (Tagament), Citalopram (Celexa) -
Answer-Causes the most interactions
/.Cause or exacerbate CHF in some patient. Do not use in Class III or IV heart failure;
Stop Actos if c/o dyspnea, weight gain, cough (heart failure) - Answer-
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) - Pioglitazone (Actos)
/.High risk of weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and type 2;
Monitor weight every 3 months, higher mortality in elderly patients
Monitor TSH, lipids, weight/BMI - Answer-Atypical antipsychotics -
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Quietipine (Seroquel)
/.Jaw pain (jaw necrosis), chest pain, difficulty swallowing, burning mid-back
(perforation).
Take alone upon awakening with 8 oz glass of water not juice before breakfast.
Do not lie down x 30 min. afterwards, do not mix with other meds. - Answer-
Bisposphonates-
Alendronate (Fosamax)
Risedronate (Actonel)
/.Do not mix with grapefruit juice
Drug induced hepatitis or rhabdomyolysis higher if mixed with azole antifungals
High dose Zocor (80mg) has highest risk for rhabdo (muscle pain, tenderness)
CK (creatine kinase) level goes up - Answer-Statin-
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Lovastatin (Mevacor)
Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
Simvastatin (Zocor)
/.High risk of C. diff associated diarrhea
Metronidazole (Flagyl) PO TID x 10-14 days
Probiotics daily - BID x few weeks - Answer-Lincosamides-
Clindamycin (Cleocin)
/.Treats a-fib
, Overdose: anorexia, N/V, abd pain, arrhythmias, confusion, yellowish green tinged-color
vision, scotomas (paritial loss of vision or blind spot)
Treatment: Digibind
Labs: Potassium, Magnesium, Calcium, Creatinine, serial EKGs - Answer-Cardiac
Glycosides -
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
/.Hold warfarin for 1 to 2 doses , recheck INR every 2 to 3 days until it is stable (btw 2.0-
3.0)
OR
Hold warfarin and add a small dose of oral vit. K
After stable recheck monthly - Answer-INR between 5.0 and 9.0 (without bleeding)
/.green leafy vegetables, broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage (ALL GREEN)
Mayonnaise, canola oil, and soybean oil - Answer-Foods high in Vitamin K
/.increases stroke 6-fold - Answer-INR below 2.0
/.risk for hemorrhage in elderly (>70) - Answer-INR high
/.First line for uncomplicated hypertension, heart failure, edema - Answer-Thiazide
diurectics -
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
Chlorthalidone (longer acting and more potent than HCTZ)
Indapamide
/.Hyperglycemia
Elevated TG and LDL
Elevates uric acid
Hypokalemia - Answer-Thiazide diurectics adverse effects
/.Decrease calcium excretion by kidneys and stimulate osteoclast formation - Answer-
Thiazide diurectics benefits
/.serious sulfa allergy and use potassium-sparing diuretics (triamterene, amiloride) -
Answer-Avoid Thiazide diurectics if
/.Hypertension
Alternative diuretic for pt with severe sulfa allergy - Answer-Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
-
Triamterene (Dyrenium)
Amiloride (Midamor)
/.Hyperkalemia (fatal)
Higher risk for those with:
Renal impairment
