Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
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Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank -Questions
d d d d d d d d d
with Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All Updated
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Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
d d d d d d
PRACTICE
d
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
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A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
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momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes
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localized:
d
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin. d
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
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leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
numbers?
d
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
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step in the process?
d d d d
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing d
C) Antigen margination d
D) Recognition and adherence d d
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
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permeability and pain?
d d d
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide d
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
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dfollowing exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
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A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
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of inflammation and includes:
d d d d
A) fever and lethargy. d d
B) decreased C-reactive protein. d d
C) positive nitrogen balance. d d
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
d d d
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
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dwhich of the following phenomena?
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,A) Profuse fibrinous exudation d d
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
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C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis d d d
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages d d d
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
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lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
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A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
d d d d d
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. d d d
C) block viral replication in cells.
d d d d
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
d d
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
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. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
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din the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
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doccur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
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A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces d d d d d
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium d d d d d
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris d d d
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
d d d d d d d d d d d
. experiencing chronic inflammation? d d
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
d d d d d d d d d d
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
d d d d d d d d d
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
d d d d d d d d d d d
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
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12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
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.
A) 35.9C (96.6F) d
, B) 38.0C (100.4F) d
C) 35.5C (95.9F) d
D) 37.3C (99.1F) d
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
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. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
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be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts d d d d
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air d d d d
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles d d d
D) Decreased urine production d d
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
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. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she
d d d d d d d d d d d d
sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
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dmost likely the primary cause of her request?
d d d d d d d
A) Evaporation and conduction d d
B) Radiation and convection d d
C) Conduction and convection d d
D) Convection and evaporation d d
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
d d d d d d d d d
. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
d d d d d d d
A) Acute inflammation d
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction d
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure d
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
d d d d d d d d d d d
. developing a neurogenic fever? d d d
d d d d d d
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank -Questions
d d d d d d d d d
with Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All Updated
d d d d d d d d d d d
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
d d d d d d
PRACTICE
d
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
d d d d d d d d
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
d d d d d d d d d
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes
d d d d d d d
localized:
d
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin. d
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
d d d d d d d d d d d
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
numbers?
d
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
d d d d d d d d d d
step in the process?
d d d d
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing d
C) Antigen margination d
D) Recognition and adherence d d
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
d d d d d d d d d
permeability and pain?
d d d
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide d
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
d d d d d d d d d d
dfollowing exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
d d d d d d d
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
d d d d d d d d d d
of inflammation and includes:
d d d d
A) fever and lethargy. d d
B) decreased C-reactive protein. d d
C) positive nitrogen balance. d d
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
d d d
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
d d d d d d d d d
dwhich of the following phenomena?
d d d d
,A) Profuse fibrinous exudation d d
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
d d d d d d
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis d d d
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages d d d
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
d d d d d d d d d d
lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
d d d d d d d d
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
d d d d d
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. d d d
C) block viral replication in cells.
d d d d
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
d d
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
d d d d d d d d d d d d
din the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
d d d d d d d d d d d
doccur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
d d d d d d d d
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces d d d d d
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium d d d d d
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris d d d
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
d d d d d d d d d d d
. experiencing chronic inflammation? d d
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
d d d d d d d d d d
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
d d d d d d d d d
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
d d d d d d d d d d d
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
d d d d d d d d d d d
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
d d d d d d d d d d
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F) d
, B) 38.0C (100.4F) d
C) 35.5C (95.9F) d
D) 37.3C (99.1F) d
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
d d d d d d d d d d
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts d d d d
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air d d d d
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles d d d
D) Decreased urine production d d
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she
d d d d d d d d d d d d
sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dmost likely the primary cause of her request?
d d d d d d d
A) Evaporation and conduction d d
B) Radiation and convection d d
C) Conduction and convection d d
D) Convection and evaporation d d
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
d d d d d d d d d
. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
d d d d d d d
A) Acute inflammation d
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction d
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure d
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
d d d d d d d d d d d
. developing a neurogenic fever? d d d
