HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
What is histology?
CORRECT ANSWER The study of tissues
What is a tissue?
CORRECT ANSWER A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues?
CORRECT ANSWER Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells?
CORRECT ANSWER Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue?
CORRECT ANSWER Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
What is neuroglia?
CORRECT ANSWER The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have?
CORRECT ANSWER Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as?
CORRECT ANSWER Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
,What is meiosis?
CORRECT ANSWER The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries
and testes.
What two layers compose the skin?
CORRECT ANSWER Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis?
CORRECT ANSWER The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial
cells.
What is the dermis?
CORRECT ANSWER The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels,
nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis?
CORRECT ANSWER Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
CORRECT ANSWER Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of?
CORRECT ANSWER Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels,
sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
CORRECT ANSWER ecrine & apocrine
, What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
CORRECT ANSWER Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
CORRECT ANSWER Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria
that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
CORRECT ANSWER They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates
the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil?
CORRECT ANSWER Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
CORRECT ANSWER Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin?
CORRECT ANSWER Keratin
What makes the body's framework?
CORRECT ANSWER Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
CORRECT ANSWER Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal
organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. A MIME BATHED SEALS
SINGING "MY PONY"
How are bones classified?
CORRECT ANSWER By shape.
Long
What is histology?
CORRECT ANSWER The study of tissues
What is a tissue?
CORRECT ANSWER A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues?
CORRECT ANSWER Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells?
CORRECT ANSWER Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue?
CORRECT ANSWER Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
What is neuroglia?
CORRECT ANSWER The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have?
CORRECT ANSWER Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as?
CORRECT ANSWER Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
,What is meiosis?
CORRECT ANSWER The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries
and testes.
What two layers compose the skin?
CORRECT ANSWER Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis?
CORRECT ANSWER The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial
cells.
What is the dermis?
CORRECT ANSWER The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels,
nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis?
CORRECT ANSWER Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
CORRECT ANSWER Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of?
CORRECT ANSWER Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels,
sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
CORRECT ANSWER ecrine & apocrine
, What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
CORRECT ANSWER Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
CORRECT ANSWER Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria
that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
CORRECT ANSWER They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates
the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil?
CORRECT ANSWER Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
CORRECT ANSWER Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin?
CORRECT ANSWER Keratin
What makes the body's framework?
CORRECT ANSWER Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
CORRECT ANSWER Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal
organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. A MIME BATHED SEALS
SINGING "MY PONY"
How are bones classified?
CORRECT ANSWER By shape.
Long
