EPALS Exam 2025 Questions and Answers
Hypovolemic schock - ANS decreased circulating blood volume (dehydration/trauma)
distributive shock - ANS inadequate disruption of blood, so that the blood flow is insufficient
for the oxygenation of the tissues. (anaphylaxis/sepsis/neurogenic)
cardiogenic shock - ANS circulatory failure due to poor heart function
(cardiomyopathy/myocarditis/cardiac surgery)
obstructive shock - ANS circulatory failure due to obstruction of blood flow to/from the heart
(tension pneumothorax/cardiac tamponade)
Dissociative Shock - ANS insufficient oxygen carrying capacity of the blood (anaemia/carbon
monoxide poisoning)
Weight Estimation - ANS weight (kg) = (age in years +4) x2
cardiac output - ANS Cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume (blood volume ejected each
contraction)
blood pressure - ANS blood pressure = cardiac output X systemic vascular resistance
compensation mechanism in shock - ANS Tachycardia, vasoconstriction, increased
myocardial contractibility
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Hypovolemic schock - ANS decreased circulating blood volume (dehydration/trauma)
distributive shock - ANS inadequate disruption of blood, so that the blood flow is insufficient
for the oxygenation of the tissues. (anaphylaxis/sepsis/neurogenic)
cardiogenic shock - ANS circulatory failure due to poor heart function
(cardiomyopathy/myocarditis/cardiac surgery)
obstructive shock - ANS circulatory failure due to obstruction of blood flow to/from the heart
(tension pneumothorax/cardiac tamponade)
Dissociative Shock - ANS insufficient oxygen carrying capacity of the blood (anaemia/carbon
monoxide poisoning)
Weight Estimation - ANS weight (kg) = (age in years +4) x2
cardiac output - ANS Cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume (blood volume ejected each
contraction)
blood pressure - ANS blood pressure = cardiac output X systemic vascular resistance
compensation mechanism in shock - ANS Tachycardia, vasoconstriction, increased
myocardial contractibility
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
