CHAPTER 7: BODY MODIFICATION
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
CE: London Attack - Correct Answers -• radicalization
-eg ISIS training new members
-eg self radicalization: educating yourself on it
•moral panic
-if attacker is middle eastern
•moral entrepreneurs
-introduce new policies
•risk society
-very unlikely for us to be a victim but we fear still
Physical appearance - Correct Answers -normalcy for good looking body, fashion,
money, character, humor
Physical appearance can be public or private and voluntary or involuntary (weight).
Which are all culturally and historically significant. Public/private and
voluntary/involuntary have stigma, which leads to stigma management
eg Tattoo placement determines if it is in your public or private life (public persona vs
intimacy)
Self Reflection - Correct Answers -Draw attention to weight, height, hair removal, hair
implants, tattoos + piercings, braces/orthodontist, teeth whitening, + skin hue. And see if
it is voluntary or involuntary.
Metrosexual - Correct Answers -men that care about their appearance and are well
groomed, but these men aren't gay
Stigma - Correct Answers -•Stigma is magnified if it is voluntary. (there is stigma for
involuntary like for height)
•Stigma is deviantized.
, Example of how weight is blurred - Correct Answers -Someone w/ eating disorder, so
they need to gain weight, but is that voluntary or involuntary.
What should be stigmatized and what shouldn't, culturally, geographically, and
historically specific.
Give examples - Correct Answers -Kate Moss = skinny
Tyra Banks = fat bc she is curvy
Tanning for NA = good, but most parts over the world try to be paler bc it's a status
thing, if you're dark = you work outside
How is appearance gendered? - Correct Answers -For guys: don't call them skinny, we
need to be more attentive to young boys and body type concerns
Language: fat, obese, lean, skinny, slim, sexy, beautiful, handsome, hot, bigorexia
(lifting, steroids, bulking), toned, built, fit
Can there be too much muscle? How does age, gender, ethnicity, occupation. What are
the norms associated w/ muscle
Masculine Imperative: what does masculine look like, and how it looks difference in
professions, and is certainly heavily gendered
Body Projects: 4 Categories - Correct Answers -1. Camouflage
2. Extending
3. Adapting
4. Redesigning
•Body Projects: We are always getting a social reaction, looking glass
-our bodies are canvases
--ppl use them to judge, stereotype, + stigmatize us
•Going thru 1 to 4 more intrusive, more costly
•With adapting and redesigning, adapting in particular we look at medical and esthetic
reasons. But this distinction can fit in all of them.
•Age and gender come into play w/ these.
Body Projects: 4 Categories
Camouflage - Correct Answers -Something we do to normalize, they are broadly
accepted. We are socialized for camouflaging.
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
CE: London Attack - Correct Answers -• radicalization
-eg ISIS training new members
-eg self radicalization: educating yourself on it
•moral panic
-if attacker is middle eastern
•moral entrepreneurs
-introduce new policies
•risk society
-very unlikely for us to be a victim but we fear still
Physical appearance - Correct Answers -normalcy for good looking body, fashion,
money, character, humor
Physical appearance can be public or private and voluntary or involuntary (weight).
Which are all culturally and historically significant. Public/private and
voluntary/involuntary have stigma, which leads to stigma management
eg Tattoo placement determines if it is in your public or private life (public persona vs
intimacy)
Self Reflection - Correct Answers -Draw attention to weight, height, hair removal, hair
implants, tattoos + piercings, braces/orthodontist, teeth whitening, + skin hue. And see if
it is voluntary or involuntary.
Metrosexual - Correct Answers -men that care about their appearance and are well
groomed, but these men aren't gay
Stigma - Correct Answers -•Stigma is magnified if it is voluntary. (there is stigma for
involuntary like for height)
•Stigma is deviantized.
, Example of how weight is blurred - Correct Answers -Someone w/ eating disorder, so
they need to gain weight, but is that voluntary or involuntary.
What should be stigmatized and what shouldn't, culturally, geographically, and
historically specific.
Give examples - Correct Answers -Kate Moss = skinny
Tyra Banks = fat bc she is curvy
Tanning for NA = good, but most parts over the world try to be paler bc it's a status
thing, if you're dark = you work outside
How is appearance gendered? - Correct Answers -For guys: don't call them skinny, we
need to be more attentive to young boys and body type concerns
Language: fat, obese, lean, skinny, slim, sexy, beautiful, handsome, hot, bigorexia
(lifting, steroids, bulking), toned, built, fit
Can there be too much muscle? How does age, gender, ethnicity, occupation. What are
the norms associated w/ muscle
Masculine Imperative: what does masculine look like, and how it looks difference in
professions, and is certainly heavily gendered
Body Projects: 4 Categories - Correct Answers -1. Camouflage
2. Extending
3. Adapting
4. Redesigning
•Body Projects: We are always getting a social reaction, looking glass
-our bodies are canvases
--ppl use them to judge, stereotype, + stigmatize us
•Going thru 1 to 4 more intrusive, more costly
•With adapting and redesigning, adapting in particular we look at medical and esthetic
reasons. But this distinction can fit in all of them.
•Age and gender come into play w/ these.
Body Projects: 4 Categories
Camouflage - Correct Answers -Something we do to normalize, they are broadly
accepted. We are socialized for camouflaging.
