TEST BANK FOR
WILLIAMS' BASIC NUTRITION & DIET THERAPY
(WILLIAMS' ESSENTIALS OF NUTRITION & DIET THERAPY) 16TH EDITION
BY STACI NIX COMPLETE CHAPTER 1-23
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1. FOOD, NUTRITION, AND HEALTH ............................................................................................ 3
CHAPTER 02: CARBOHYDRATES ................................................................................................................. 18
CHAPTER 03: FATS ...................................................................................................................................... 31
CHAPTER 04: PROTEINS .............................................................................................................................. 43
CHAPTER 05: DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, AND METABOLISM ................................................................... 55
CHAPTER 06: ENERGY BALANCE................................................................................................................. 67
CHAPTER 07: VITAMINS ............................................................................................................................. 79
CHAPTER 08: MINERALS ............................................................................................................................. 97
CHAPTER 09: WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE ................................................................................ 109
CHAPTER 10: NUTRITION DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION ......................................................... 122
CHAPTER 11: NUTRITION DURING INFANCY, CHILDHOOD, AND ADOLESCENCE ................................... 134
CHAPTER 12: NUTRITION FOR ADULTS: THE EARLY, MIDDLE, AND LATER YEARS ................................. 150
CHAPTER 13: COMMUNITY FOOD SUPPLY AND HEALTH ........................................................................ 163
CHAPTER 14: FOOD HABITS AND CULTURAL PATTERNS ......................................................................... 176
CHAPTER 15: WEIGHT MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................... 189
CHAPTER 16: NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL FITNESS .................................................................................. 202
CHAPTER 17: NUTRITION CARE ................................................................................................................ 216
CHAPTER 18: GASTROINTESTINAL AND ACCESSORY ORGAN PROBLEMS .............................................. 229
CHAPTER 19: CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND HYPERTENSION ............................................................ 245
CHAPTER 20: DIABETES MELLITUS ........................................................................................................... 257
CHAPTER 21: KIDNEY DISEASE ................................................................................................................. 270
CHAPTER 22: SURGERY AND NUTRITION SUPPORT ................................................................................ 283
CHAPTER 23: NUTRITION SUPPORT IN CANCER AND HIV ....................................................................... 296
,CHAPTER 1. FOOD, NUTRITION, AND HEALTH
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. PROMOTING A HEALTH CARE SERVICE THAT IMPROVES DIABETES MANAGEMENT FOR THE ELDERLY IN
A COMMUNITY WOULD ASSIST IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?
A. SUPPORTING THE NATIONAL HEALTH GOALS HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020
B. REDUCING HUNGER IN A SUBSET OF THE UNITED STATES POPULATION
C. IMPROVING MEDICARE REIMBURSEMENT CLAIMS
D. PROVIDING ACCESS TO PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES
ANSWER: A
HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 HAS A WIDE INFLUENCE AND IS THE FOCUS OF THE NATION’S MAIN OBJECTIVE
TO PROMOTE HEALTH AND PREVENT DISEASE.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 2
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: IMPLEMENTATION
MSC: NCLEX: HEALTH PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE
2. A PATIENT REQUIRES A NUTRITION ASSESSMENT. THE MOST APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL TO
PERFORM THE ASSESSMENT IS A
A. PHYSICIAN.
B. NURSE.
C. PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITIONIST.
D. REGISTERED DIETITIAN.
ANSWER: D
THE REGISTERED DIETITIAN IS THE NUTRITION EXPERT REGISTERED WITH THE COMMISSION OF
DIETETIC REGISTRATION (CDR), THE CERTIFYING AGENCY OF ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS.
REGISTERED DIETITIANS ARE THE ONLY PROFESSIONALS WHO HAVE MET STRICT EDUCATIONAL AND
PROFESSIONAL PREREQUISITES AND PASSED A NATIONAL REGISTRATION EXAMINATION THAT
PROPERLY PREPARES THEM TO CONDUCT A NUTRITION ASSESSMENT.
,DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 1 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: SAFE AND EFFECTIVE CARE ENVIRONMENT: MANAGEMENT OF CARE
3. THE SUM OF ALL BODY PROCESSES INSIDE LIVING CELLS THAT SUSTAIN LIFE AND HEALTH IS
A. SCIENCE.
B. DIGESTION.
C. METABOLISM.
D. NUTRITION.
ANSWER: C
METABOLISM IS THE SUM OF ALL CHEMICAL CHANGES THAT TAKE PLACE IN THE BODY. METABOLISM
PROVIDES ENERGY, BUILDS TISSUE, AND REGULATES METABOLIC PROCESSES IN THE BODY.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 3
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
4. THE NUTRIENTS THAT PROVIDE THE BODY WITH ITS PRIMARY SOURCE OF FUEL FOR ENERGY ARE
A. VITAMINS.
B. MINERALS.
C. FIBER.
D. CARBOHYDRATES.
ANSWER: D
CARBOHYDRATES (E.G., STARCHES AND SUGARS) ARE THE BODY’S PRIMARY FUEL TO CARRY OUT
NECESSARY PROCESSES; FAT IS THE SECONDARY SOURCE OF ENERGY.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
,MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
5. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE MOST ACCURATE STATEMENT REGARDING THE FUNCTIONS OF
PROTEIN?
A. PROTEINS CAN BE A PRIMARY FUEL SOURCE EVEN IF THERE IS ADEQUATE CARBOHYDRATE
INTAKE.
B. PROTEINS ARE A NECESSARY NUTRIENT TO PROVIDE ENERGY FOR THE BODY IN TIMES OF
STRESS.
C. PROTEINS CAN BE USED AS COENZYME FACTORS DURING CELL METABOLISM.
D. PROTEINS ARE ESSENTIAL TO BUILDING AND REPAIRING TISSUES WITHIN THE BODY.
ANSWER: D
THE PRIMARY FUNCTION OF PROTEINS IS TO PROVIDE AMINO ACIDS, WHICH ARE THE BUILDING
UNITS NECESSARY TO BUILDING AND REPAIRING TISSUES WITHIN THE BODY. THIS IS A CONSTANT
PROCESS THAT ENSURES ADEQUATE GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE OF TISSUES FOR A STRONG BODY.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: COMPREHENSION
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
6. A 65-YEAR-OLD MAN REQUIRES 2000 KCAL/DAY WITHOUT ANY SPECIFIC FAT OR CARBOHYDRATE
REQUIREMENTS. THE APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES PER DAY FROM FAT THAT HIS DIET
SHOULD PROVIDE IS__________KCAL/DAY.
A. 400 TO 700
B. 100 TO 300
C. 500 TO 800
D. 900 TO 1200
ANSWER: A
FAT SHOULD PROVIDE NO MORE THAN 20% TO 35% OF THE TOTAL KILOCALORIES PER DAY, SO FOR A
2000- KCAL DIET, 400 TO 700 KCAL SHOULD BE PROVIDED.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
,MSC: NCLEX: HEALTH PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE
7. THE BODY’S MAIN STORAGE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATE IS
A. GLYCOGEN.
B. GLYCEROL.
C. GLUCAGON.
D. GLUCOSE.
ANSWER: A
GLYCOGEN IS A POLYSACCHARIDE THAT IS THE MAIN STORAGE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATE IN THE
HUMAN BODY. IT IS MAINLY STORED IN THE LIVER AND TO A LESSER EXTENT IN MUSCLE TISSUE.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
8. THE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES PROVIDED BY ONE SLICE OF BREAD THAT CONTAINS 30 G
CARBOHYDRATE, 3 G PROTEIN, AND 1 G FAT IS________KCAL.
A. 34
B. 136
C. 141
D. 306
ANSWER: C
CALCULATE AS FOLLOWS: CARBOHYDRATE PROVIDES 4 KCAL/G, PROTEIN PROVIDES 4 KCAL/G, AND
FAT PROVIDES 9 KCAL/G. THEREFORE:
30 G CARBOHYDRATE 4 KCAL/G = 120 KCAL
3 G PROTEIN 4 KCAL/G = 12 KCAL
1 G FAT 9 KCAL/G = 9 KCAL
= 141 TOTAL KCAL (120 KCAL + 12 KCAL + 9 KCAL)
,DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
9. THE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES FROM FAT IN A SANDWICH THAT CONTAINS 22 G FAT IS KCAL.
A. 88
B. 132
C. 154
D. 198
ANSWER: D
FAT PROVIDES 9 KCAL/G. THUS, 22 G FAT 9 KCAL/G = 198 KCAL.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
10. THE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES FROM PROTEIN IN A SANDWICH THAT CONTAINS 15 G PROTEIN IS
KCAL.
A. 45
B. 60
C. 75
D. 135
ANSWER: B
PROTEIN PROVIDES 4 KCAL/G. THUS, 15 G PROTEIN
4 KCAL/G = 60 KCAL.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
,11. THE BASIC BUILDING UNITS OF PROTEIN ARE CALLED________ACIDS.
A. FATTY
B. AMINO
C. NUCLEIC
D. CARBOXYL
ANSWER: B
THE BASIC BUILDING UNITS OF PROTEIN ARE AMINO ACIDS, WHICH ARE NECESSARY FOR BUILDING,
REPAIRING, AND MAINTAINING BODY TISSUES.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
12. THE MAIN NUTRIENTS INVOLVED IN METABOLIC REGULATION AND CONTROL ARE
A. WATER AND VITAMINS.
B. VITAMINS AND MINERALS.
C. VITAMINS AND FATTY ACIDS.
D. MINERALS AND CARBOHYDRATES.
ANSWER: B
VITAMINS AND MINERALS ARE THE KEY NUTRIENTS IN REGULATING AND CONTROLLING THE MANY
CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN THE BODY. VITAMINS AND MINERALS FUNCTION AS COENZYME FACTORS,
WHICH ARE COMPONENTS OF CELL ENZYMES THAT GOVERN CELL CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN CELL
METABOLISM.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 5
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
13. THE DIETARY REGIMEN THAT WOULD PROVIDE OPTIMAL NUTRITION FOR A PERSON WHO IS
RECOVERING FROM AN EXTENDED ILLNESS IS A DIET
, A. LOW IN PROTEIN, FAT, AND CARBOHYDRATES; HIGH IN MINERALS AND VITAMINS; AND VERY
LOW IN FIBER.
B. PROVIDING ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEIN, FAT, MINERALS, AND
VITAMINS ALONG WITH ADEQUATE WATER AND FIBER.
C. HIGH IN PROTEIN, FIBER, AND FLUID; LOW IN CARBOHYDRATES; AND ADEQUATE IN VITAMINS
AND MINERALS.
D. WITH ESSENTIAL AMOUNTS OF VITAMINS AND MINERALS; HIGH IN PROTEIN; AND LOW IN FAT,
CARBOHYDRATES, AND FIBER.
ANSWER: B
OPTIMAL NUTRITION INCORPORATES A VARIED DIET SUPPLYING ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF ALL
NUTRIENTS, INCLUDING CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEIN, FAT, VITAMINS, MINERALS, FIBER, AND FLUID.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 5
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
14. A YOUNG WOMAN IS 5 MONTHS PREGNANT. SHE CURRENTLY LIVES IN A CONDITION OF POVERTY
AND OFTEN RUNS OUT OF MONEY TO BUY FOOD. SHE IS MOST AT RISK FOR
A. LIVER DAMAGE.
B. OSTEOPENIA.
C. UNDERNUTRITION.
D. OVERNUTRITION.
ANSWER: C
A PERSON WITH UNDERNUTRITION, OR AN INTAKE LESS THAN THE DESIRED AMOUNTS OF NUTRIENTS
A PERSON NEEDS TO SUSTAIN AND MAINTAIN HEALTH, CARRIES A GREATER RISK FOR PHYSICAL
ILLNESS THAN A PERSON RECEIVING ADEQUATE NUTRITION. IN THIS CASE, A YOUNG, PREGNANT
WOMAN LIVING IN POVERTY WHO CANNOT OBTAIN THE NECESSARY NUTRITION FOR HERSELF AND
HER BABY IS IN A STATE OF UNDERNUTRITION, PLACING BOTH AT NUTRITIONAL RISK.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 5
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: DIAGNOSIS
WILLIAMS' BASIC NUTRITION & DIET THERAPY
(WILLIAMS' ESSENTIALS OF NUTRITION & DIET THERAPY) 16TH EDITION
BY STACI NIX COMPLETE CHAPTER 1-23
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1. FOOD, NUTRITION, AND HEALTH ............................................................................................ 3
CHAPTER 02: CARBOHYDRATES ................................................................................................................. 18
CHAPTER 03: FATS ...................................................................................................................................... 31
CHAPTER 04: PROTEINS .............................................................................................................................. 43
CHAPTER 05: DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, AND METABOLISM ................................................................... 55
CHAPTER 06: ENERGY BALANCE................................................................................................................. 67
CHAPTER 07: VITAMINS ............................................................................................................................. 79
CHAPTER 08: MINERALS ............................................................................................................................. 97
CHAPTER 09: WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE ................................................................................ 109
CHAPTER 10: NUTRITION DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION ......................................................... 122
CHAPTER 11: NUTRITION DURING INFANCY, CHILDHOOD, AND ADOLESCENCE ................................... 134
CHAPTER 12: NUTRITION FOR ADULTS: THE EARLY, MIDDLE, AND LATER YEARS ................................. 150
CHAPTER 13: COMMUNITY FOOD SUPPLY AND HEALTH ........................................................................ 163
CHAPTER 14: FOOD HABITS AND CULTURAL PATTERNS ......................................................................... 176
CHAPTER 15: WEIGHT MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................... 189
CHAPTER 16: NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL FITNESS .................................................................................. 202
CHAPTER 17: NUTRITION CARE ................................................................................................................ 216
CHAPTER 18: GASTROINTESTINAL AND ACCESSORY ORGAN PROBLEMS .............................................. 229
CHAPTER 19: CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND HYPERTENSION ............................................................ 245
CHAPTER 20: DIABETES MELLITUS ........................................................................................................... 257
CHAPTER 21: KIDNEY DISEASE ................................................................................................................. 270
CHAPTER 22: SURGERY AND NUTRITION SUPPORT ................................................................................ 283
CHAPTER 23: NUTRITION SUPPORT IN CANCER AND HIV ....................................................................... 296
,CHAPTER 1. FOOD, NUTRITION, AND HEALTH
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. PROMOTING A HEALTH CARE SERVICE THAT IMPROVES DIABETES MANAGEMENT FOR THE ELDERLY IN
A COMMUNITY WOULD ASSIST IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?
A. SUPPORTING THE NATIONAL HEALTH GOALS HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020
B. REDUCING HUNGER IN A SUBSET OF THE UNITED STATES POPULATION
C. IMPROVING MEDICARE REIMBURSEMENT CLAIMS
D. PROVIDING ACCESS TO PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES
ANSWER: A
HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 HAS A WIDE INFLUENCE AND IS THE FOCUS OF THE NATION’S MAIN OBJECTIVE
TO PROMOTE HEALTH AND PREVENT DISEASE.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 2
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: IMPLEMENTATION
MSC: NCLEX: HEALTH PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE
2. A PATIENT REQUIRES A NUTRITION ASSESSMENT. THE MOST APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL TO
PERFORM THE ASSESSMENT IS A
A. PHYSICIAN.
B. NURSE.
C. PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITIONIST.
D. REGISTERED DIETITIAN.
ANSWER: D
THE REGISTERED DIETITIAN IS THE NUTRITION EXPERT REGISTERED WITH THE COMMISSION OF
DIETETIC REGISTRATION (CDR), THE CERTIFYING AGENCY OF ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS.
REGISTERED DIETITIANS ARE THE ONLY PROFESSIONALS WHO HAVE MET STRICT EDUCATIONAL AND
PROFESSIONAL PREREQUISITES AND PASSED A NATIONAL REGISTRATION EXAMINATION THAT
PROPERLY PREPARES THEM TO CONDUCT A NUTRITION ASSESSMENT.
,DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 1 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: SAFE AND EFFECTIVE CARE ENVIRONMENT: MANAGEMENT OF CARE
3. THE SUM OF ALL BODY PROCESSES INSIDE LIVING CELLS THAT SUSTAIN LIFE AND HEALTH IS
A. SCIENCE.
B. DIGESTION.
C. METABOLISM.
D. NUTRITION.
ANSWER: C
METABOLISM IS THE SUM OF ALL CHEMICAL CHANGES THAT TAKE PLACE IN THE BODY. METABOLISM
PROVIDES ENERGY, BUILDS TISSUE, AND REGULATES METABOLIC PROCESSES IN THE BODY.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 3
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
4. THE NUTRIENTS THAT PROVIDE THE BODY WITH ITS PRIMARY SOURCE OF FUEL FOR ENERGY ARE
A. VITAMINS.
B. MINERALS.
C. FIBER.
D. CARBOHYDRATES.
ANSWER: D
CARBOHYDRATES (E.G., STARCHES AND SUGARS) ARE THE BODY’S PRIMARY FUEL TO CARRY OUT
NECESSARY PROCESSES; FAT IS THE SECONDARY SOURCE OF ENERGY.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
,MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
5. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE MOST ACCURATE STATEMENT REGARDING THE FUNCTIONS OF
PROTEIN?
A. PROTEINS CAN BE A PRIMARY FUEL SOURCE EVEN IF THERE IS ADEQUATE CARBOHYDRATE
INTAKE.
B. PROTEINS ARE A NECESSARY NUTRIENT TO PROVIDE ENERGY FOR THE BODY IN TIMES OF
STRESS.
C. PROTEINS CAN BE USED AS COENZYME FACTORS DURING CELL METABOLISM.
D. PROTEINS ARE ESSENTIAL TO BUILDING AND REPAIRING TISSUES WITHIN THE BODY.
ANSWER: D
THE PRIMARY FUNCTION OF PROTEINS IS TO PROVIDE AMINO ACIDS, WHICH ARE THE BUILDING
UNITS NECESSARY TO BUILDING AND REPAIRING TISSUES WITHIN THE BODY. THIS IS A CONSTANT
PROCESS THAT ENSURES ADEQUATE GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE OF TISSUES FOR A STRONG BODY.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: COMPREHENSION
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
6. A 65-YEAR-OLD MAN REQUIRES 2000 KCAL/DAY WITHOUT ANY SPECIFIC FAT OR CARBOHYDRATE
REQUIREMENTS. THE APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES PER DAY FROM FAT THAT HIS DIET
SHOULD PROVIDE IS__________KCAL/DAY.
A. 400 TO 700
B. 100 TO 300
C. 500 TO 800
D. 900 TO 1200
ANSWER: A
FAT SHOULD PROVIDE NO MORE THAN 20% TO 35% OF THE TOTAL KILOCALORIES PER DAY, SO FOR A
2000- KCAL DIET, 400 TO 700 KCAL SHOULD BE PROVIDED.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
,MSC: NCLEX: HEALTH PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE
7. THE BODY’S MAIN STORAGE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATE IS
A. GLYCOGEN.
B. GLYCEROL.
C. GLUCAGON.
D. GLUCOSE.
ANSWER: A
GLYCOGEN IS A POLYSACCHARIDE THAT IS THE MAIN STORAGE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATE IN THE
HUMAN BODY. IT IS MAINLY STORED IN THE LIVER AND TO A LESSER EXTENT IN MUSCLE TISSUE.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
8. THE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES PROVIDED BY ONE SLICE OF BREAD THAT CONTAINS 30 G
CARBOHYDRATE, 3 G PROTEIN, AND 1 G FAT IS________KCAL.
A. 34
B. 136
C. 141
D. 306
ANSWER: C
CALCULATE AS FOLLOWS: CARBOHYDRATE PROVIDES 4 KCAL/G, PROTEIN PROVIDES 4 KCAL/G, AND
FAT PROVIDES 9 KCAL/G. THEREFORE:
30 G CARBOHYDRATE 4 KCAL/G = 120 KCAL
3 G PROTEIN 4 KCAL/G = 12 KCAL
1 G FAT 9 KCAL/G = 9 KCAL
= 141 TOTAL KCAL (120 KCAL + 12 KCAL + 9 KCAL)
,DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
9. THE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES FROM FAT IN A SANDWICH THAT CONTAINS 22 G FAT IS KCAL.
A. 88
B. 132
C. 154
D. 198
ANSWER: D
FAT PROVIDES 9 KCAL/G. THUS, 22 G FAT 9 KCAL/G = 198 KCAL.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
10. THE NUMBER OF KILOCALORIES FROM PROTEIN IN A SANDWICH THAT CONTAINS 15 G PROTEIN IS
KCAL.
A. 45
B. 60
C. 75
D. 135
ANSWER: B
PROTEIN PROVIDES 4 KCAL/G. THUS, 15 G PROTEIN
4 KCAL/G = 60 KCAL.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 4 TOP: NURSING PROCESS: ASSESSMENT
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
,11. THE BASIC BUILDING UNITS OF PROTEIN ARE CALLED________ACIDS.
A. FATTY
B. AMINO
C. NUCLEIC
D. CARBOXYL
ANSWER: B
THE BASIC BUILDING UNITS OF PROTEIN ARE AMINO ACIDS, WHICH ARE NECESSARY FOR BUILDING,
REPAIRING, AND MAINTAINING BODY TISSUES.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 4
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
12. THE MAIN NUTRIENTS INVOLVED IN METABOLIC REGULATION AND CONTROL ARE
A. WATER AND VITAMINS.
B. VITAMINS AND MINERALS.
C. VITAMINS AND FATTY ACIDS.
D. MINERALS AND CARBOHYDRATES.
ANSWER: B
VITAMINS AND MINERALS ARE THE KEY NUTRIENTS IN REGULATING AND CONTROLLING THE MANY
CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN THE BODY. VITAMINS AND MINERALS FUNCTION AS COENZYME FACTORS,
WHICH ARE COMPONENTS OF CELL ENZYMES THAT GOVERN CELL CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN CELL
METABOLISM.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: KNOWLEDGE
REF: P. 5
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
13. THE DIETARY REGIMEN THAT WOULD PROVIDE OPTIMAL NUTRITION FOR A PERSON WHO IS
RECOVERING FROM AN EXTENDED ILLNESS IS A DIET
, A. LOW IN PROTEIN, FAT, AND CARBOHYDRATES; HIGH IN MINERALS AND VITAMINS; AND VERY
LOW IN FIBER.
B. PROVIDING ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEIN, FAT, MINERALS, AND
VITAMINS ALONG WITH ADEQUATE WATER AND FIBER.
C. HIGH IN PROTEIN, FIBER, AND FLUID; LOW IN CARBOHYDRATES; AND ADEQUATE IN VITAMINS
AND MINERALS.
D. WITH ESSENTIAL AMOUNTS OF VITAMINS AND MINERALS; HIGH IN PROTEIN; AND LOW IN FAT,
CARBOHYDRATES, AND FIBER.
ANSWER: B
OPTIMAL NUTRITION INCORPORATES A VARIED DIET SUPPLYING ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF ALL
NUTRIENTS, INCLUDING CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEIN, FAT, VITAMINS, MINERALS, FIBER, AND FLUID.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 5
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: PLANNING
MSC: NCLEX: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
14. A YOUNG WOMAN IS 5 MONTHS PREGNANT. SHE CURRENTLY LIVES IN A CONDITION OF POVERTY
AND OFTEN RUNS OUT OF MONEY TO BUY FOOD. SHE IS MOST AT RISK FOR
A. LIVER DAMAGE.
B. OSTEOPENIA.
C. UNDERNUTRITION.
D. OVERNUTRITION.
ANSWER: C
A PERSON WITH UNDERNUTRITION, OR AN INTAKE LESS THAN THE DESIRED AMOUNTS OF NUTRIENTS
A PERSON NEEDS TO SUSTAIN AND MAINTAIN HEALTH, CARRIES A GREATER RISK FOR PHYSICAL
ILLNESS THAN A PERSON RECEIVING ADEQUATE NUTRITION. IN THIS CASE, A YOUNG, PREGNANT
WOMAN LIVING IN POVERTY WHO CANNOT OBTAIN THE NECESSARY NUTRITION FOR HERSELF AND
HER BABY IS IN A STATE OF UNDERNUTRITION, PLACING BOTH AT NUTRITIONAL RISK.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: APPLICATION
REF: P. 5
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: DIAGNOSIS
