NUTR 430 Mid term Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
Describe the primary goal of the practice of community and public health nutrition. - Answers Health
promotion and disease prevention, wellness
Define the concepts of health promotion and wellness. - Answers Health promotion-the process of
enabling people to achieve their maximum potential for good health
Wellness- an optimal state of health. It concerns a person's individual health physically, mentally,
emotionally and spiritually and also their role in society and fulfilling expectations in their family,
community, place of worship, workplace and environment.
Define determinants of health. Describe how determinants of health can impact nutritional status -
Answers Biology and genetics: sex, race, age, other hereditary factors
Lifestyle: physical activity , diet, hobbies, drugs, alcohol, hygiene
Living, working, and social conditions: housing, education, job, income, access to health services and
nutritious foods
Community Conditions: Climate and geography, water supply, social services, politics, built environment
Background Conditions: national food and nutrition policy, national minimum wage, cultural beliefs and
values, media messages
Define the concept of "public health". Explain factors that impact the targets of public health
programming over time. - Answers Public health: The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging
life, and promoting health and efficiency through organized community efforts
Preventing disease, health promotion
Heath can change due to Biology, lifestyle, and background conditions
Biology - genetics, family history
Environment - living, social, working, community, background, air quality
Lifestyle - eat, smoke, exercise
Primary risk factors for disease involve obesity nowadays
Describe the concept of community nutrition intervention. - Answers An intervention is a planned
activity that is targeted to change behavior in a certain group of people. The goal is health promotion
and disease prevention
Describe three basic objectives, strategies, and desired outcomes of community nutrition interventions.
- Answers Building awareness- we want to raise awareness of the issue
, Changing behaviors-we want to change the behavior of those affected by the issue
Creating supportive environments- we want to be supportive to allow for change
Differentiate between the three "levels" of prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary). - Answers Primary-
health promotion, intervene prior to the onset of disease. The purpose is to improve quality of life,
social and personal productivity, reduce burden on society
Ex: taxes on soda, fortification of foods, Silver sneakers club, education, minimum requirements for
exercise
Secondary- primary medical care. Typically includes a screening component, such as mammograms
when there are no visible symptoms
Ex: child obesity - nutrition classes, required exercise, fitness gram and biometric screening, reaching out
to parents, classes on how to manage diabetes, obesity and weight loss.
Tertiary- disease management to reduce co-morbidities or early mortality.
Ex: I have this disease, what steps can I take now? Managing diabetes, etc
Describe the three "targets" of community nutrition interventions (individuals, communities, systems).
Describe advantages and disadvantages of different approaches. - Answers Individuals (individual or
personal-based prevention) - one person or a very small group of people.
Advantage: can be tailored to the needs of that person(s).
Disadvantage: cannot reach a broad net, or impact lots
Communities (community-based prevention) - group of people, neighborhood, city, town, district
Advantage: can impact more people, you are more likely to capture those people who are at risk. In
terms of numbers, you can have a greater impact. Can change social norms, change how people see diet
and food companies.
Disadvantage: As your groups get larger, it is more difficult to tailor, it may not be cost effective if not
that many people are affected by it.
Systems (policy-based prevention) - look at systems that serve those groups of people to base
approaches
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
Describe and give examples of the three core responsibilities of community/public health nutrition
professionals. - Answers Assessment- requires that you collect data for meaning. Purpose is to identify
problems, groups at high risks
Describe the primary goal of the practice of community and public health nutrition. - Answers Health
promotion and disease prevention, wellness
Define the concepts of health promotion and wellness. - Answers Health promotion-the process of
enabling people to achieve their maximum potential for good health
Wellness- an optimal state of health. It concerns a person's individual health physically, mentally,
emotionally and spiritually and also their role in society and fulfilling expectations in their family,
community, place of worship, workplace and environment.
Define determinants of health. Describe how determinants of health can impact nutritional status -
Answers Biology and genetics: sex, race, age, other hereditary factors
Lifestyle: physical activity , diet, hobbies, drugs, alcohol, hygiene
Living, working, and social conditions: housing, education, job, income, access to health services and
nutritious foods
Community Conditions: Climate and geography, water supply, social services, politics, built environment
Background Conditions: national food and nutrition policy, national minimum wage, cultural beliefs and
values, media messages
Define the concept of "public health". Explain factors that impact the targets of public health
programming over time. - Answers Public health: The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging
life, and promoting health and efficiency through organized community efforts
Preventing disease, health promotion
Heath can change due to Biology, lifestyle, and background conditions
Biology - genetics, family history
Environment - living, social, working, community, background, air quality
Lifestyle - eat, smoke, exercise
Primary risk factors for disease involve obesity nowadays
Describe the concept of community nutrition intervention. - Answers An intervention is a planned
activity that is targeted to change behavior in a certain group of people. The goal is health promotion
and disease prevention
Describe three basic objectives, strategies, and desired outcomes of community nutrition interventions.
- Answers Building awareness- we want to raise awareness of the issue
, Changing behaviors-we want to change the behavior of those affected by the issue
Creating supportive environments- we want to be supportive to allow for change
Differentiate between the three "levels" of prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary). - Answers Primary-
health promotion, intervene prior to the onset of disease. The purpose is to improve quality of life,
social and personal productivity, reduce burden on society
Ex: taxes on soda, fortification of foods, Silver sneakers club, education, minimum requirements for
exercise
Secondary- primary medical care. Typically includes a screening component, such as mammograms
when there are no visible symptoms
Ex: child obesity - nutrition classes, required exercise, fitness gram and biometric screening, reaching out
to parents, classes on how to manage diabetes, obesity and weight loss.
Tertiary- disease management to reduce co-morbidities or early mortality.
Ex: I have this disease, what steps can I take now? Managing diabetes, etc
Describe the three "targets" of community nutrition interventions (individuals, communities, systems).
Describe advantages and disadvantages of different approaches. - Answers Individuals (individual or
personal-based prevention) - one person or a very small group of people.
Advantage: can be tailored to the needs of that person(s).
Disadvantage: cannot reach a broad net, or impact lots
Communities (community-based prevention) - group of people, neighborhood, city, town, district
Advantage: can impact more people, you are more likely to capture those people who are at risk. In
terms of numbers, you can have a greater impact. Can change social norms, change how people see diet
and food companies.
Disadvantage: As your groups get larger, it is more difficult to tailor, it may not be cost effective if not
that many people are affected by it.
Systems (policy-based prevention) - look at systems that serve those groups of people to base
approaches
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
Describe and give examples of the three core responsibilities of community/public health nutrition
professionals. - Answers Assessment- requires that you collect data for meaning. Purpose is to identify
problems, groups at high risks
