BIO 669 Exam 1 EC Questions With Complete
Solutions
______ helps balance out the sodium in terms of
electrical effects, providing electroneutrality.
a) Potassium
b) Chloride
c) Calcium
d) Magnesium Correct Answers B. Chloride
_________ have similar effects to histamine in later
stages
A: prostaglandins
B: Eosinaphils
C: Leukotrienes
D: Platelet-activating factors Correct Answers C:
Leukotrienes
_________ is the most abundant cation in the
extracellular fluid?
a. Ca++
b. Mg++
c. Na+
d. K+ Correct Answers C. Na+
__________ arrive at the site of an injury/infection
within 6-12 hours, are considered mature, are
,sensitive to acidic environments, and have a
primary role of removing debris/dead cells.
a. Eosinophils
b. Neutrophils
c. Monocytes
d. Basophils Correct Answers B. Neutrophils
__________ circulate in the blood and defend against
extracellular microbes and microbial toxins.
A.) Antigens
B.) Lymphocytes
C.) Plasma Cells
D.) Antibodies Correct Answers D. Antibodies
__________ is the main cation, ___________ charged
ion in the blood.
Chloride, positively
Hydrogen, negatively
Sodium, positively
Potassium, negatively Correct Answers sodium,
positively
__________ phagocytes help to limit and control
inflammation?
a. Macrophage
b. Lymphocyte
c. Eosinophil
d. Neutrophil Correct Answers C. Eosinophil
,___________ are the most effective in presenting
antigen to naive immunocompetent Th cells?
Correct Answers Dendritic Cells
____________ reactions are mediated by antigen-
specific _____ and the products of tissue mast cells.
a. ) Type 1 hypersensitivity, IgE
b.) Type 2 hypersensitivity, IgE
c.) Type 1 hypersensitivity, IgG
d.) Type 2 hypersensitivity, IgG Correct Answers
A. Type 1 hypersensitivity, IgE
_____________ positioning is flexion of arms, wrists,
fingers with adduction in upper extremities.
a. ) Decerebrate
b. ) Decorticate
c.) Tonic Clonic
d.) Extensor Correct Answers B. Decorticate
_______________ causes muscle wasting (cachexia)
and intravascular thrombosis Correct Answers
TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor)
__________________ forces pull fluid from the
capillaries in to the interstitial space and
______________ forces push fluid from the interstitial
space back in to the capillaries. Correct Answers
osmotic; hydrostatic
, ________________are the cell needed to kill bacteria
in the early inflammation stages.
A. neutrophils
B. basophils
C. eosinophils Correct Answers A. neutrophils
(blank) is secreted by the posterior pituitary in
response to an increase in plasma osmolality or a
decrease in circulating blood volume.
a. ACE
b. ADH
c. H20
d. ECF Correct Answers b. ADH (antidiuretic
hormone)
(blank) is the most prevalent ICF ion. It is required
in order for glycogen to be able cross liver and
skeletal muscle cells. If insulin is given when levels
are low this may lead to an dangerously low levels
of this ion. Correct Answers Potassium
1. A patient in the Medical ICU has +3 pitting
edema in the extremities, jaundice, icterus, and a
grossly distended abdomen. Labs show that his
albumin levels are 1.2. Which option below
describe the process behind the ascites and pitting
edema ?
A. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
Solutions
______ helps balance out the sodium in terms of
electrical effects, providing electroneutrality.
a) Potassium
b) Chloride
c) Calcium
d) Magnesium Correct Answers B. Chloride
_________ have similar effects to histamine in later
stages
A: prostaglandins
B: Eosinaphils
C: Leukotrienes
D: Platelet-activating factors Correct Answers C:
Leukotrienes
_________ is the most abundant cation in the
extracellular fluid?
a. Ca++
b. Mg++
c. Na+
d. K+ Correct Answers C. Na+
__________ arrive at the site of an injury/infection
within 6-12 hours, are considered mature, are
,sensitive to acidic environments, and have a
primary role of removing debris/dead cells.
a. Eosinophils
b. Neutrophils
c. Monocytes
d. Basophils Correct Answers B. Neutrophils
__________ circulate in the blood and defend against
extracellular microbes and microbial toxins.
A.) Antigens
B.) Lymphocytes
C.) Plasma Cells
D.) Antibodies Correct Answers D. Antibodies
__________ is the main cation, ___________ charged
ion in the blood.
Chloride, positively
Hydrogen, negatively
Sodium, positively
Potassium, negatively Correct Answers sodium,
positively
__________ phagocytes help to limit and control
inflammation?
a. Macrophage
b. Lymphocyte
c. Eosinophil
d. Neutrophil Correct Answers C. Eosinophil
,___________ are the most effective in presenting
antigen to naive immunocompetent Th cells?
Correct Answers Dendritic Cells
____________ reactions are mediated by antigen-
specific _____ and the products of tissue mast cells.
a. ) Type 1 hypersensitivity, IgE
b.) Type 2 hypersensitivity, IgE
c.) Type 1 hypersensitivity, IgG
d.) Type 2 hypersensitivity, IgG Correct Answers
A. Type 1 hypersensitivity, IgE
_____________ positioning is flexion of arms, wrists,
fingers with adduction in upper extremities.
a. ) Decerebrate
b. ) Decorticate
c.) Tonic Clonic
d.) Extensor Correct Answers B. Decorticate
_______________ causes muscle wasting (cachexia)
and intravascular thrombosis Correct Answers
TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor)
__________________ forces pull fluid from the
capillaries in to the interstitial space and
______________ forces push fluid from the interstitial
space back in to the capillaries. Correct Answers
osmotic; hydrostatic
, ________________are the cell needed to kill bacteria
in the early inflammation stages.
A. neutrophils
B. basophils
C. eosinophils Correct Answers A. neutrophils
(blank) is secreted by the posterior pituitary in
response to an increase in plasma osmolality or a
decrease in circulating blood volume.
a. ACE
b. ADH
c. H20
d. ECF Correct Answers b. ADH (antidiuretic
hormone)
(blank) is the most prevalent ICF ion. It is required
in order for glycogen to be able cross liver and
skeletal muscle cells. If insulin is given when levels
are low this may lead to an dangerously low levels
of this ion. Correct Answers Potassium
1. A patient in the Medical ICU has +3 pitting
edema in the extremities, jaundice, icterus, and a
grossly distended abdomen. Labs show that his
albumin levels are 1.2. Which option below
describe the process behind the ascites and pitting
edema ?
A. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
