,Chapter 01: Using Evidence in Practice
Perry et al.: Clinical Nursing Skills & Techniques, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach to making decisions about patient
care that is grounded in:
a. the latest information found in textbooks.
b. systematically conducted research studies.
c. tradition in clinical practice.
d. quality improvement and risk-management data.
ANS: B
The best evidence comes from well-designed, systematically conducted research studies
described in scientific journals. Portions of a textbook often become outdated by the time it
is published. Many health care settings do not have a process to help staff adopt new
evidence in practice, and nurses in practice settings lack easy access to risk-management
data, relying instead on tradition or convenience. Some sources of evidence do not originate
from research. These include quality improvement and risk-management data; infection
control data; retrospective or concurrent chart reviews; and clinicians’ expertise. Although
non–research-based evidence is often very valuable, it is important that you learn to rely
more on research-based evidence.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Text reference: p. 2
OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-based practice.
TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
2. When evidence-based practice is used, patient care will be:
a. standardized for all.
b. unhampered by patient culture.
c. variable according to the situation.
d. safe from the hazards of critical thinking.
ANS: C
Using your clinical expertise and considering patients’ cultures, values, and preferences
ensures that you will apply available evidence in practice ethically and appropriately. Even
when you use the best evidence available, application and outcomes will differ; as a nurse,
you will develop critical thinking skills to determine whether evidence is relevant and
appropriate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Text reference: p. 2
OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-based practice.
TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
3. When a PICOT question is developed, the letter that corresponds with the usual standard of
care is:
a. P.
, b. I.
c. C.
d. O.
ANS: $ a d C
C $ad= $adComparison $adof $adinterest. $adWhat $adstandard $adof $adcare $ador $adcurrent $adintervention $addo
$adyou $adusually $aduse $adnow $adin $adpractice?
P $ad= $adPatient $adpopulation $adof $adinterest. $adIdentify $adyour $adpatient $adby $adage, $adgender, $adethnicity,
$addisease, $ador $adhealth $adproblem.
I $ad= $adIntervention $adof $adinterest. $adWhat $adintervention $ad(e.g., $adtreatment, $addiagnostic $adtest,
$adand $adprognostic $adfactor) $addo $adyou $adthink $adis $adworthwhile $adto $aduse $adin $adpractice?
O $ad= $adOutcome. $adWhat $adresult $ad(e.g., $adchange $adin $adpatient’s $adbehavior, $adphysical $adfinding,
$adand $adchange $adin $adpatient’s $adperception) $addo $adyou $adwish $adto $adachieve $ador $adobserve $adas
$adthe $adresult $adof $adan $adintervention?
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adKnowledge REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad3 $adOBJ: Develop $ada $adPICO
$adquestion. TOP: PICO
KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep: $adImplementation
MSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment $ad(management $adof $adcare)
4. A $adwell-developed $adPICOT $adquestion $adhelps $adthe $adnurse:
a. search $adfor $adevidence.
b. include $adall $adfive $adelements $adof $adthe $adsequence.
c. find $adas $admany $adarticles $adas $adpossible $adin $ada $adliterature $adsearch.
d. accept $adstandard $adclinical $adroutines.
ANS: $ a d A
The $admore $adfocused $ada $adquestion $adthat $adyou $adask $adis, $adthe $adeasier $adit $adis $adto $adsearch $adfor
$adevidence $adin $adthe $adscientific $adliterature. $adA $adwell-designed $adPICOT $adquestion $addoes $adnot
$adhave $adto $adinclude $adall $adfive $adelements, $adnor $addoes $adit $adhave $adto $adfollow $adthe $adPICOT
$adsequence. $adDo $adnot $adbe $adsatisfied $adwith $adclinical $adroutines. $adAlways $adquestion $adand $aduse
$adcritical $adthinking $adto $adconsider $adbetter $adways $adto $adprovide $adpatient $adcare.
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adAnalysis REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad3 $adOBJ: Describe $adthe $adsix $adsteps
$adof $adevidence-based $adpractice.
TOP: Evidence-Based $adPractice KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep:
$adImplementation $adMSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment
$ad(management $adof $adcare)
5. The $adnurse $adis $adnot $adsure $adthat $adthe $adprocedure $adthe $adpatient $adrequires $adis $adthe $adbest
$adpossible $adfor $adthe $adsituation. $adUtilizing $adwhich $adof $adthe $adfollowing $adresources $adwould
$adbe $adthe $adquickest $adway $adto $adreview $adresearch $adon $adthe $adtopic?
a. CINAHL
b. PubMed
c. MEDLINE
d. The $adCochrane $adDatabase
ANS: $ a d D
, The $adCochrane $adCommunity $adDatabase $adof $adSystematic $adReviews $adis $ada $advaluable $adsource
$adof $adsynthesized $adevidence $ad(i.e., $adpre-appraised $adevidence). $adThe $adCochrane $adDatabase
$adincludes $adthe $adfull $adtext $adof $adregularly $adupdated $adsystematic $adreviews $adand $adprotocols $adfor
$adreviews $adcurrently $adhappening. $adMEDLINE, $adCINAHL, $adand $adPubMed $adare $adamong $adthe
$admost $adcomprehensive $addatabases $adand $adrepresent $adthe $adscientific $adknowledge $adbase $adof
$adhealth $adcare.
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adSynthesis REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad4 $adOBJ: Describe $adthe $adsix $adsteps
$adof $adevidence-based $adpractice.
TOP: Evidence-Based $adPractice KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep:
$adImplementation $adMSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment
$ad(management $adof $adcare)
6. The $adnurse $adis $adgetting $adready $adto $addevelop $ada $adplan $adof $adcare $adfor $ada $adpatient $adwho $adhas
$ada $adspecific $adneed. $adThe $adbest $adsource $adfor $addeveloping $adthis $adplan $adof $adcare $adwould
$adprobably $adbe:
a. The $adCochrane $adDatabase.
b. MEDLINE.
c. NGC.
d. CINAHL.
ANS: $ a d C
The $adNational $adGuidelines $adClearinghouse $ad(NGC) $adis $ada $addatabase $adsupported $adby $adthe
$adAgency $adfor $adHealthcare $adResearch $adand $adQuality $ad(AHRQ). $adIt $adcontains $adclinical
$adguidelines—systematically $addeveloped $adstatements $adabout $ada $adplan $adof $adcare $adfor $ada
$adspecific $adset $adof $adclinical $adcircumstances $adinvolving $ada $adspecific $adpatient $adpopulation.
$adThe $adNGC $adis $ada $advaluable $adsource $adwhen $adyou $adwant $adto $addevelop $ada $adplan $adof $adcare
$adfor $ada $adpatient. $adThe $adCochrane $adCommunity $adDatabase $adof $adSystematic $adReviews,
$adMEDLINE, $adand $adCINAHL $adare $adall $advaluable $adsources $adof $adsynthesized $adevidence
$ad(i.e., $adpre-appraised $adevidence).
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adSynthesis REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad4 $adOBJ: Describe $adthe $adsix $adsteps
$adof $adevidence-based $adpractice.
TOP: Evidence-Based $adPractice KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep:
$adImplementation $adMSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment
$ad(management $adof $adcare)
7. The $adnurse $adhas $addone $ada $adliterature $adsearch $adand $adfound $ad25 $adpossible $adarticles $adon $adthe
$adtopic $adthat $adshe $adis $adstudying. $adTo $addetermine $adwhich $adof $adthose $ad25 $adbest $adfit $adher
$adinquiry, $adthe $adnurse $adfirst $adshould $adlook $adat:
a. the $adabstracts.
b. the $adliterature $adreviews.
c. the $ad“Methods” $adsections.
d. the $adnarrative $adsections.
ANS: $ a d A
An $adabstract $adis $ada $adbrief $adsummary $adof $adan $adarticle $adthat $adquickly $adtells $adyou $adwhether
$adthe $adarticle $adis $adresearch $adbased $ador $adclinically $adbased. $adAn $adabstract $adsummarizes $adthe
$adpurpose $adof $adthe $adstudy $ador $adclinical $adquery, $adthe $admajor $adthemes $ador $adfindings, $adand $adthe
$adimplications $adfor $adnursing $adpractice. $adThe $adliterature $adreview $adusually $adgives $adyou $ada
$adgood $adidea $adof $adhow $adpast $adresearch $adled $adto $adthe $adresearcher’s $adquestion. $adThe
$ad“Methods” $ador $ad“Design” $adsection $adexplains $adhow $ada $adresearch $adstudy $adis $adorganized
$adand $adconducted $adto $adanswer $adthe $adresearch $adquestion $ador $adto $adtest $adthe $adhypothesis. $adThe
$adnarrative $adof $ada $admanuscript $addiffers $adaccording $adto $adthe $adtype $adof $adevidence-based
Perry et al.: Clinical Nursing Skills & Techniques, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach to making decisions about patient
care that is grounded in:
a. the latest information found in textbooks.
b. systematically conducted research studies.
c. tradition in clinical practice.
d. quality improvement and risk-management data.
ANS: B
The best evidence comes from well-designed, systematically conducted research studies
described in scientific journals. Portions of a textbook often become outdated by the time it
is published. Many health care settings do not have a process to help staff adopt new
evidence in practice, and nurses in practice settings lack easy access to risk-management
data, relying instead on tradition or convenience. Some sources of evidence do not originate
from research. These include quality improvement and risk-management data; infection
control data; retrospective or concurrent chart reviews; and clinicians’ expertise. Although
non–research-based evidence is often very valuable, it is important that you learn to rely
more on research-based evidence.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Text reference: p. 2
OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-based practice.
TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
2. When evidence-based practice is used, patient care will be:
a. standardized for all.
b. unhampered by patient culture.
c. variable according to the situation.
d. safe from the hazards of critical thinking.
ANS: C
Using your clinical expertise and considering patients’ cultures, values, and preferences
ensures that you will apply available evidence in practice ethically and appropriately. Even
when you use the best evidence available, application and outcomes will differ; as a nurse,
you will develop critical thinking skills to determine whether evidence is relevant and
appropriate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Text reference: p. 2
OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-based practice.
TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
3. When a PICOT question is developed, the letter that corresponds with the usual standard of
care is:
a. P.
, b. I.
c. C.
d. O.
ANS: $ a d C
C $ad= $adComparison $adof $adinterest. $adWhat $adstandard $adof $adcare $ador $adcurrent $adintervention $addo
$adyou $adusually $aduse $adnow $adin $adpractice?
P $ad= $adPatient $adpopulation $adof $adinterest. $adIdentify $adyour $adpatient $adby $adage, $adgender, $adethnicity,
$addisease, $ador $adhealth $adproblem.
I $ad= $adIntervention $adof $adinterest. $adWhat $adintervention $ad(e.g., $adtreatment, $addiagnostic $adtest,
$adand $adprognostic $adfactor) $addo $adyou $adthink $adis $adworthwhile $adto $aduse $adin $adpractice?
O $ad= $adOutcome. $adWhat $adresult $ad(e.g., $adchange $adin $adpatient’s $adbehavior, $adphysical $adfinding,
$adand $adchange $adin $adpatient’s $adperception) $addo $adyou $adwish $adto $adachieve $ador $adobserve $adas
$adthe $adresult $adof $adan $adintervention?
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adKnowledge REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad3 $adOBJ: Develop $ada $adPICO
$adquestion. TOP: PICO
KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep: $adImplementation
MSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment $ad(management $adof $adcare)
4. A $adwell-developed $adPICOT $adquestion $adhelps $adthe $adnurse:
a. search $adfor $adevidence.
b. include $adall $adfive $adelements $adof $adthe $adsequence.
c. find $adas $admany $adarticles $adas $adpossible $adin $ada $adliterature $adsearch.
d. accept $adstandard $adclinical $adroutines.
ANS: $ a d A
The $admore $adfocused $ada $adquestion $adthat $adyou $adask $adis, $adthe $adeasier $adit $adis $adto $adsearch $adfor
$adevidence $adin $adthe $adscientific $adliterature. $adA $adwell-designed $adPICOT $adquestion $addoes $adnot
$adhave $adto $adinclude $adall $adfive $adelements, $adnor $addoes $adit $adhave $adto $adfollow $adthe $adPICOT
$adsequence. $adDo $adnot $adbe $adsatisfied $adwith $adclinical $adroutines. $adAlways $adquestion $adand $aduse
$adcritical $adthinking $adto $adconsider $adbetter $adways $adto $adprovide $adpatient $adcare.
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adAnalysis REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad3 $adOBJ: Describe $adthe $adsix $adsteps
$adof $adevidence-based $adpractice.
TOP: Evidence-Based $adPractice KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep:
$adImplementation $adMSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment
$ad(management $adof $adcare)
5. The $adnurse $adis $adnot $adsure $adthat $adthe $adprocedure $adthe $adpatient $adrequires $adis $adthe $adbest
$adpossible $adfor $adthe $adsituation. $adUtilizing $adwhich $adof $adthe $adfollowing $adresources $adwould
$adbe $adthe $adquickest $adway $adto $adreview $adresearch $adon $adthe $adtopic?
a. CINAHL
b. PubMed
c. MEDLINE
d. The $adCochrane $adDatabase
ANS: $ a d D
, The $adCochrane $adCommunity $adDatabase $adof $adSystematic $adReviews $adis $ada $advaluable $adsource
$adof $adsynthesized $adevidence $ad(i.e., $adpre-appraised $adevidence). $adThe $adCochrane $adDatabase
$adincludes $adthe $adfull $adtext $adof $adregularly $adupdated $adsystematic $adreviews $adand $adprotocols $adfor
$adreviews $adcurrently $adhappening. $adMEDLINE, $adCINAHL, $adand $adPubMed $adare $adamong $adthe
$admost $adcomprehensive $addatabases $adand $adrepresent $adthe $adscientific $adknowledge $adbase $adof
$adhealth $adcare.
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adSynthesis REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad4 $adOBJ: Describe $adthe $adsix $adsteps
$adof $adevidence-based $adpractice.
TOP: Evidence-Based $adPractice KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep:
$adImplementation $adMSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment
$ad(management $adof $adcare)
6. The $adnurse $adis $adgetting $adready $adto $addevelop $ada $adplan $adof $adcare $adfor $ada $adpatient $adwho $adhas
$ada $adspecific $adneed. $adThe $adbest $adsource $adfor $addeveloping $adthis $adplan $adof $adcare $adwould
$adprobably $adbe:
a. The $adCochrane $adDatabase.
b. MEDLINE.
c. NGC.
d. CINAHL.
ANS: $ a d C
The $adNational $adGuidelines $adClearinghouse $ad(NGC) $adis $ada $addatabase $adsupported $adby $adthe
$adAgency $adfor $adHealthcare $adResearch $adand $adQuality $ad(AHRQ). $adIt $adcontains $adclinical
$adguidelines—systematically $addeveloped $adstatements $adabout $ada $adplan $adof $adcare $adfor $ada
$adspecific $adset $adof $adclinical $adcircumstances $adinvolving $ada $adspecific $adpatient $adpopulation.
$adThe $adNGC $adis $ada $advaluable $adsource $adwhen $adyou $adwant $adto $addevelop $ada $adplan $adof $adcare
$adfor $ada $adpatient. $adThe $adCochrane $adCommunity $adDatabase $adof $adSystematic $adReviews,
$adMEDLINE, $adand $adCINAHL $adare $adall $advaluable $adsources $adof $adsynthesized $adevidence
$ad(i.e., $adpre-appraised $adevidence).
DIF: Cognitive $adLevel: $adSynthesis REF: Text $adreference: $adp.
$ad4 $adOBJ: Describe $adthe $adsix $adsteps
$adof $adevidence-based $adpractice.
TOP: Evidence-Based $adPractice KEY: $ a d Nursing $adProcess $adStep:
$adImplementation $adMSC: $ a d NCLEX: $adSafe $adand $adEffective $adCare $adEnvironment
$ad(management $adof $adcare)
7. The $adnurse $adhas $addone $ada $adliterature $adsearch $adand $adfound $ad25 $adpossible $adarticles $adon $adthe
$adtopic $adthat $adshe $adis $adstudying. $adTo $addetermine $adwhich $adof $adthose $ad25 $adbest $adfit $adher
$adinquiry, $adthe $adnurse $adfirst $adshould $adlook $adat:
a. the $adabstracts.
b. the $adliterature $adreviews.
c. the $ad“Methods” $adsections.
d. the $adnarrative $adsections.
ANS: $ a d A
An $adabstract $adis $ada $adbrief $adsummary $adof $adan $adarticle $adthat $adquickly $adtells $adyou $adwhether
$adthe $adarticle $adis $adresearch $adbased $ador $adclinically $adbased. $adAn $adabstract $adsummarizes $adthe
$adpurpose $adof $adthe $adstudy $ador $adclinical $adquery, $adthe $admajor $adthemes $ador $adfindings, $adand $adthe
$adimplications $adfor $adnursing $adpractice. $adThe $adliterature $adreview $adusually $adgives $adyou $ada
$adgood $adidea $adof $adhow $adpast $adresearch $adled $adto $adthe $adresearcher’s $adquestion. $adThe
$ad“Methods” $ador $ad“Design” $adsection $adexplains $adhow $ada $adresearch $adstudy $adis $adorganized
$adand $adconducted $adto $adanswer $adthe $adresearch $adquestion $ador $adto $adtest $adthe $adhypothesis. $adThe
$adnarrative $adof $ada $admanuscript $addiffers $adaccording $adto $adthe $adtype $adof $adevidence-based
