Qualitative OR Quantitative Research
Methods
Final Exam Review
Questions & Solutions
2025
©2025
, Question 1: Quantitative Research Design
Scenario: A business management researcher is evaluating the impact of
a new customer service training program on employee performance. The
study involves one group of employees whose performance is measured
before and after the training. Which research design does this study best
exemplify?
- A. Cross‑sectional design
- B. Experimental design with random assignment
- C. Quasi‑experimental design
- D. Longitudinal panel design
ANS: C
Rationale: When the researcher measures performance before and
after an intervention without random assignment (often due to practical
constraints in organizational settings), the design is classified as
quasi‑experimental.
---
Question 2: Qualitative Data Analysis
Scenario: In a study on managerial decision‑making, the researcher
conducts in-depth interviews and then codes the transcripts to identify
recurring themes. Which analytic method is most appropriate?
- A. Regression analysis
- B. Thematic analysis
- C. Factor analysis
- D. Meta‑analysis
ANS: B
Rationale: Thematic analysis is a common qualitative method used to
identify, analyze, and report patterns (themes) within qualitative data
such as interview transcripts.
---
©2025
, Question 3: Sampling in Quantitative Research
Scenario: A survey on consumer satisfaction is distributed to a randomly
selected group of 1,000 customers from a company’s entire customer
database to ensure representativeness. What is the primary advantage of
this probability sampling method?
- A. It enhances the study’s generalizability.
- B. It allows for in‑depth personal interviews.
- C. It minimizes researcher bias in theme identification.
- D. It simplifies the coding process for qualitative data.
ANS: A
Rationale: Random (probability) sampling increases the likelihood that
the sample accurately represents the population, which, in turn,
enhances the generalizability of the findings in quantitative research.
---
Question 4: Reliability of Measurement Instruments
Scenario: A researcher uses a newly developed survey instrument to
measure job satisfaction. To ensure the instrument yields steady results
over time, the researcher administers it to the same group of employees
on two separate occasions. What type of reliability is being assessed?
- A. Inter-rater reliability
- B. Internal consistency
- C. Test‑retest reliability
- D. Construct validity
ANS: C
Rationale: Test‑retest reliability measures the consistency of the
instrument when administered at different times under similar
conditions, ensuring stability over time.
---
©2025
Methods
Final Exam Review
Questions & Solutions
2025
©2025
, Question 1: Quantitative Research Design
Scenario: A business management researcher is evaluating the impact of
a new customer service training program on employee performance. The
study involves one group of employees whose performance is measured
before and after the training. Which research design does this study best
exemplify?
- A. Cross‑sectional design
- B. Experimental design with random assignment
- C. Quasi‑experimental design
- D. Longitudinal panel design
ANS: C
Rationale: When the researcher measures performance before and
after an intervention without random assignment (often due to practical
constraints in organizational settings), the design is classified as
quasi‑experimental.
---
Question 2: Qualitative Data Analysis
Scenario: In a study on managerial decision‑making, the researcher
conducts in-depth interviews and then codes the transcripts to identify
recurring themes. Which analytic method is most appropriate?
- A. Regression analysis
- B. Thematic analysis
- C. Factor analysis
- D. Meta‑analysis
ANS: B
Rationale: Thematic analysis is a common qualitative method used to
identify, analyze, and report patterns (themes) within qualitative data
such as interview transcripts.
---
©2025
, Question 3: Sampling in Quantitative Research
Scenario: A survey on consumer satisfaction is distributed to a randomly
selected group of 1,000 customers from a company’s entire customer
database to ensure representativeness. What is the primary advantage of
this probability sampling method?
- A. It enhances the study’s generalizability.
- B. It allows for in‑depth personal interviews.
- C. It minimizes researcher bias in theme identification.
- D. It simplifies the coding process for qualitative data.
ANS: A
Rationale: Random (probability) sampling increases the likelihood that
the sample accurately represents the population, which, in turn,
enhances the generalizability of the findings in quantitative research.
---
Question 4: Reliability of Measurement Instruments
Scenario: A researcher uses a newly developed survey instrument to
measure job satisfaction. To ensure the instrument yields steady results
over time, the researcher administers it to the same group of employees
on two separate occasions. What type of reliability is being assessed?
- A. Inter-rater reliability
- B. Internal consistency
- C. Test‑retest reliability
- D. Construct validity
ANS: C
Rationale: Test‑retest reliability measures the consistency of the
instrument when administered at different times under similar
conditions, ensuring stability over time.
---
©2025
