Edexcel A - Biological Molecules
1. Oxygen is delta negative
2. Hydrogen is delta positive
Describe water’s structure (3 points)
3. Opposite chargees means that the
water molecules are attracted together
1. Hydrogen bonds allow molecules to
attract and stay together.
Describe cohesion of water (3 points) 2. This allows water to remain as a liquid.
3. This helps water flow, making it a good
transport medium.
1. Water is a polar solvent.
2. It can be used to transport many
Describe adhesion of water (3 points) biological hydrophyllic molecules
3. as many of them are also polar
molecules.
What elements are in carbohydrates? Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Monosaccharides, disaccharides,
What are the three types of saccharides?
polysaccharides
Whatis the general formula of
CnH2nOn
monosaccharides?
What are 3 examples of monosaccharides? GFG : Glucose, fructose, galactose
What are the three qualities of
SSC: Sweet, soluble in water, form crystals
monosaccharides?
Due to hydroxy groups that form hydrogen
Why are monosaccharides soluble in water?
bonds with water molecules
, Draw the (alpha) glucose ring structure
How can you tell the difference between alpha AHA - Alpha hydrogen above
glucose and beta glucose? BHB - Beta hydrogen below
What is the reaction called when forming a Condensation reaction (removal of a water
disaccharide from two monosaccharides? molecule between two hydroxyl groups)
1. Two monosaccharides join to form a
disaccharide
Describe the reaction to form a disaccharide (3
2. forming glycosidic bonds
points)
3. in a condensation reaction, therefore
removing a water molecule.
What is the opposite of a condensation Hydrolysis reaction : water is added to a reaction
reaction? to break a bond
What are 3 examples of disaccharides? MSL: Maltose, sucrose, lactose
Maltose = glucose + glucose
What monosaccharides make up the 3 examples
Sucrose = glucose + fructose
of disaccharides?
Lactose = glucose + galactose
1. Large, insoluble molevules
What is polysaccharide? (2 points) 2. Composed of many sugar units joined
together
Storage polysaccharide
What are the two types of polysaccharides?
Structural polysaccharide
What are the two types of storage Starch (plants)
polysaccharides? Glycogen (humans)
What is an example of a structural
Cellulose
polysaccharide?
1. Oxygen is delta negative
2. Hydrogen is delta positive
Describe water’s structure (3 points)
3. Opposite chargees means that the
water molecules are attracted together
1. Hydrogen bonds allow molecules to
attract and stay together.
Describe cohesion of water (3 points) 2. This allows water to remain as a liquid.
3. This helps water flow, making it a good
transport medium.
1. Water is a polar solvent.
2. It can be used to transport many
Describe adhesion of water (3 points) biological hydrophyllic molecules
3. as many of them are also polar
molecules.
What elements are in carbohydrates? Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Monosaccharides, disaccharides,
What are the three types of saccharides?
polysaccharides
Whatis the general formula of
CnH2nOn
monosaccharides?
What are 3 examples of monosaccharides? GFG : Glucose, fructose, galactose
What are the three qualities of
SSC: Sweet, soluble in water, form crystals
monosaccharides?
Due to hydroxy groups that form hydrogen
Why are monosaccharides soluble in water?
bonds with water molecules
, Draw the (alpha) glucose ring structure
How can you tell the difference between alpha AHA - Alpha hydrogen above
glucose and beta glucose? BHB - Beta hydrogen below
What is the reaction called when forming a Condensation reaction (removal of a water
disaccharide from two monosaccharides? molecule between two hydroxyl groups)
1. Two monosaccharides join to form a
disaccharide
Describe the reaction to form a disaccharide (3
2. forming glycosidic bonds
points)
3. in a condensation reaction, therefore
removing a water molecule.
What is the opposite of a condensation Hydrolysis reaction : water is added to a reaction
reaction? to break a bond
What are 3 examples of disaccharides? MSL: Maltose, sucrose, lactose
Maltose = glucose + glucose
What monosaccharides make up the 3 examples
Sucrose = glucose + fructose
of disaccharides?
Lactose = glucose + galactose
1. Large, insoluble molevules
What is polysaccharide? (2 points) 2. Composed of many sugar units joined
together
Storage polysaccharide
What are the two types of polysaccharides?
Structural polysaccharide
What are the two types of storage Starch (plants)
polysaccharides? Glycogen (humans)
What is an example of a structural
Cellulose
polysaccharide?
