Human Biology Exam #2 Questions
with Correct Answers
What is the function of the Thyroid Hormone? - ANSWER-increase metabolic activity
of tissues throughout the body
(specifically, it stimulates oxidation in the mitochondria of various target cells; this
increases energy availability & metabolic rate)
What is hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Overproduction of Thyroid Hormone (TH)
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-higher than normal body temperature
profuse perspiration
High Blood Pressure
loss of weight
irritability
muscular weakness
insomnia
exophthalmia
How do you control hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Anti-thyroid drugs
surgical removal or partial destruction of part of the thyroid gland with radioactive
iodine
What is Hypothyroidism - ANSWER-An underproduction of TH (Thyroid Hormone)
How is hypothyroidism caused? - ANSWER-malfunction in the thyroid gland and
insufficient iodine in the diet
How is Hypothyroidism treated? - ANSWER-Administration of the Thyroid Hormone
Or with iodine
What is calcitonin? - ANSWER-Produced by the thyroid gland
What does calcitonin do? - ANSWER-inhibit the release of Ca++ ions from bone (or
promote Ca++ deposition in to the bones)
Lowers the calcium level in the blood
Where is the pituitary gland? - ANSWER-Lies below the hypothalamus
(also a double gland)
What is the posterior pituitary (lobe) a storage are for? - ANSWER-oxytocin and anti-
diuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the function of oxytocin - ANSWER-causes the contraction of uterine
muscles
, what is the function of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)? - ANSWER-stimulates collecting
ducts of the kidney to absorb more water (so it will not be excreted as urine)
Where are Oxytocin and ADH Produced and Secreted from? - ANSWER-the
Hypothalamus
What does the anterior Pituitary secrete - ANSWER-Prolactin, growth hormones
What is the function of prolactin? - ANSWER-Stimulates milk production by female
mammary glands
What are the functions of the growth hormones - ANSWER-plays a critical role in
promoting normal growth
How does growth hormones specifically promote normal growth? - ANSWER-
promotes protein synthesis and the use of body fat for energy metabolism
Growth Hormone deficiency in children causes? - ANSWER-Pituitary dwarf
Growth Hormone oversupply in adults causes? - ANSWER-acromegaly
Growth Hormone oversupply in children causes? - ANSWER-Pituitary giant
What does TSH stand for? - ANSWER-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
What does TSH do? - ANSWER-stimulates the thyroid gland to produce the thyroid
hormone
What does ACTH stand for? - ANSWER-Adrenal Cortex Thyroid Hormone
What does ACTH do? - ANSWER-Produces cortical hormones
What does FSH stand for? - ANSWER-Follicle Stimulating Hormone
What does LH Stand for - ANSWER-Lutinizing Hormone
What do LH and FSH do - ANSWER-Gonads produce sex hormones... especially in
women
The Pituitary glad is also called - ANSWER-the "Master Gland"
What does the Pancreas do? - ANSWER-Secretes the pancreatic hormones
Pancreatic hormones produce? - ANSWER-cells involved with production and
release of digestive enzymes. Produce Islet Cells
Islet cells produce 2 hormones - ANSWER-insulin and glucagon
What does insulin do? - ANSWER-lowers blood sugar
with Correct Answers
What is the function of the Thyroid Hormone? - ANSWER-increase metabolic activity
of tissues throughout the body
(specifically, it stimulates oxidation in the mitochondria of various target cells; this
increases energy availability & metabolic rate)
What is hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Overproduction of Thyroid Hormone (TH)
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-higher than normal body temperature
profuse perspiration
High Blood Pressure
loss of weight
irritability
muscular weakness
insomnia
exophthalmia
How do you control hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Anti-thyroid drugs
surgical removal or partial destruction of part of the thyroid gland with radioactive
iodine
What is Hypothyroidism - ANSWER-An underproduction of TH (Thyroid Hormone)
How is hypothyroidism caused? - ANSWER-malfunction in the thyroid gland and
insufficient iodine in the diet
How is Hypothyroidism treated? - ANSWER-Administration of the Thyroid Hormone
Or with iodine
What is calcitonin? - ANSWER-Produced by the thyroid gland
What does calcitonin do? - ANSWER-inhibit the release of Ca++ ions from bone (or
promote Ca++ deposition in to the bones)
Lowers the calcium level in the blood
Where is the pituitary gland? - ANSWER-Lies below the hypothalamus
(also a double gland)
What is the posterior pituitary (lobe) a storage are for? - ANSWER-oxytocin and anti-
diuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the function of oxytocin - ANSWER-causes the contraction of uterine
muscles
, what is the function of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)? - ANSWER-stimulates collecting
ducts of the kidney to absorb more water (so it will not be excreted as urine)
Where are Oxytocin and ADH Produced and Secreted from? - ANSWER-the
Hypothalamus
What does the anterior Pituitary secrete - ANSWER-Prolactin, growth hormones
What is the function of prolactin? - ANSWER-Stimulates milk production by female
mammary glands
What are the functions of the growth hormones - ANSWER-plays a critical role in
promoting normal growth
How does growth hormones specifically promote normal growth? - ANSWER-
promotes protein synthesis and the use of body fat for energy metabolism
Growth Hormone deficiency in children causes? - ANSWER-Pituitary dwarf
Growth Hormone oversupply in adults causes? - ANSWER-acromegaly
Growth Hormone oversupply in children causes? - ANSWER-Pituitary giant
What does TSH stand for? - ANSWER-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
What does TSH do? - ANSWER-stimulates the thyroid gland to produce the thyroid
hormone
What does ACTH stand for? - ANSWER-Adrenal Cortex Thyroid Hormone
What does ACTH do? - ANSWER-Produces cortical hormones
What does FSH stand for? - ANSWER-Follicle Stimulating Hormone
What does LH Stand for - ANSWER-Lutinizing Hormone
What do LH and FSH do - ANSWER-Gonads produce sex hormones... especially in
women
The Pituitary glad is also called - ANSWER-the "Master Gland"
What does the Pancreas do? - ANSWER-Secretes the pancreatic hormones
Pancreatic hormones produce? - ANSWER-cells involved with production and
release of digestive enzymes. Produce Islet Cells
Islet cells produce 2 hormones - ANSWER-insulin and glucagon
What does insulin do? - ANSWER-lowers blood sugar
