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NUR 210 EXAM 2|| ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+||
ACTUAL EXAM AND LATEST UPDATE 2024-2025
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS|| ASSURED PASS
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
the CNS and the peripheral nervous system
What does the CNS consist of?
the brain and the spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
somatic motor system and autonomic nervous system
What does the somatic motor system control?
voluntary movement of skeletal muscles
what does the autonomic nervous system control?
involuntary actions
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
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parasympathetic (cholinergic) and sympathetic (adrenergic)
What is the nervous system in general responsible for?
transmission of electric and chemical impulses
What are the three principle functions of the autonomic nervous system?
1. regulate the heart
2. regulates secretory glands (gastric, sweat, and bronchial glands)
3. regulates smooth muscle (bronchial passages, blood vessels, urogenital and GI
tract)
Describe the sympathetic response.
"fight or flight", acute stress response
what happens when you activate "fight or flight"?
mobilize energy, HR and BP increase; shunt blood away from skin and viscera into
skeletal muscles; bronchi dilated (improve oxygenation); pupils dilate (enhance
visual acuity); mobilize stored energy providing glucose for the brain and fatty
acids for the muscle
What are adrenergic agents?
medications that add energy
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What are sympathomimetics?
mimic the sympathetic nervous system
Describe the parasympathetic response.
"rest and digest"; HR slows; gastric secretion increases; emptying of bladder and
bowel; pupils constrict; bronchial smooth muscle contracts
What are drug class examples for the parasympathetic response?
cholinergic agents; parasympathomimetics
What are the three basic patterns of innervation and regulation for the sympathetic
and parasympathetic responses?
1. have innervation of both divisions of the autonomic nervous system (effects of
two divisions are opposed)
ex. parasympathetic nerve slows HR and sympathetic nerve accelerates HR; both
can be working at the same time
2. innervation by both divisions of ANS and the effects are complimentary
ex. in the male reproductive system the parasympathetic nerve regulates erection
while sympathetic regulate ejaculation
3. innervation and regulation by only one division
ex. blood vessels regulated exclusively by sympathetic nerves
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What are the two basic types of receptors the peripheral nervous system works
through?
1. adrenergic receptors: mediate responses to epinephrine (adrenaline) and
norepinephrine
2. cholinergic receptors: mediate responses to acetylcholine
Describe adrenergic agents.
add energy; fight or flight
What are the three receptor sub types affected by adrenergic agents?
1. beta 1: cardiac
2. beta 2: respiratory
3. alpha: peripheral vascular; pupils
What organs to adrenergic agents affect?
cardiac: tachycardia
respiratory: bronchial dilation
peripheral: vasoconstriction
ocular: dilation (my/dri/asis - my/dry/eye)
What do we use epinephrine for?
NUR 210 EXAM 2|| ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+||
ACTUAL EXAM AND LATEST UPDATE 2024-2025
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS|| ASSURED PASS
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
the CNS and the peripheral nervous system
What does the CNS consist of?
the brain and the spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
somatic motor system and autonomic nervous system
What does the somatic motor system control?
voluntary movement of skeletal muscles
what does the autonomic nervous system control?
involuntary actions
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
,2|Page
parasympathetic (cholinergic) and sympathetic (adrenergic)
What is the nervous system in general responsible for?
transmission of electric and chemical impulses
What are the three principle functions of the autonomic nervous system?
1. regulate the heart
2. regulates secretory glands (gastric, sweat, and bronchial glands)
3. regulates smooth muscle (bronchial passages, blood vessels, urogenital and GI
tract)
Describe the sympathetic response.
"fight or flight", acute stress response
what happens when you activate "fight or flight"?
mobilize energy, HR and BP increase; shunt blood away from skin and viscera into
skeletal muscles; bronchi dilated (improve oxygenation); pupils dilate (enhance
visual acuity); mobilize stored energy providing glucose for the brain and fatty
acids for the muscle
What are adrenergic agents?
medications that add energy
,3|Page
What are sympathomimetics?
mimic the sympathetic nervous system
Describe the parasympathetic response.
"rest and digest"; HR slows; gastric secretion increases; emptying of bladder and
bowel; pupils constrict; bronchial smooth muscle contracts
What are drug class examples for the parasympathetic response?
cholinergic agents; parasympathomimetics
What are the three basic patterns of innervation and regulation for the sympathetic
and parasympathetic responses?
1. have innervation of both divisions of the autonomic nervous system (effects of
two divisions are opposed)
ex. parasympathetic nerve slows HR and sympathetic nerve accelerates HR; both
can be working at the same time
2. innervation by both divisions of ANS and the effects are complimentary
ex. in the male reproductive system the parasympathetic nerve regulates erection
while sympathetic regulate ejaculation
3. innervation and regulation by only one division
ex. blood vessels regulated exclusively by sympathetic nerves
, 4|Page
What are the two basic types of receptors the peripheral nervous system works
through?
1. adrenergic receptors: mediate responses to epinephrine (adrenaline) and
norepinephrine
2. cholinergic receptors: mediate responses to acetylcholine
Describe adrenergic agents.
add energy; fight or flight
What are the three receptor sub types affected by adrenergic agents?
1. beta 1: cardiac
2. beta 2: respiratory
3. alpha: peripheral vascular; pupils
What organs to adrenergic agents affect?
cardiac: tachycardia
respiratory: bronchial dilation
peripheral: vasoconstriction
ocular: dilation (my/dri/asis - my/dry/eye)
What do we use epinephrine for?
