MED SURG 1 STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
1. .A .patient .is .being .admitted .to .the .hospital .on .the .day .before .a .scheduled .surgery.
.What .is .the .most .appropriate .initial .question .for .the .nurse .to .ask .this .preoperative
.patient?
a) ."What .did .your .surgeon .say .to .you .about .the .type .of .surgery .you .are .having?"
b) ."What .questions .do .you .have .about .your .surgery?"
c) ."What .type .of .surgery .are .you .having .and .why .are .you .having .it .done?"
d) ."What .do .you .know .about .what .will .be .done .to .you?" .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) ."What
.type .of .surgery .are .you .having .and .why .are .you .having .it .done?"
2. .A .benzodiazepine .has .been .administered .to .a .patient .preoperatively. .After .the .drug .has
.been .administered, .the .nurse .plans .to .monitor .the .patient .for .which .side .effects? .Select
.all .that .apply.
a) .Anxiety
b) .Hypotension
c) .Hypocalcemia
d) .Level .of .Consciousness
e) .Sedation .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Anxiety
d) .Level .of .Consciousness
e) .Sedation
3. .A .preoperative .patient .has .an .elevated .hemoglobin .and .hematocrit. .What .would .the
.nurse .suspect .regarding .the .significance .of .this .increased .value?
,a) .Immune .deficiency
b) .Kidney .dysfunction
c) .Malignancy
d) .Dehydration .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) .Dehydration
4. .Which .activities .should .the .nurse .carry .out .in .the .preoperative .period .for .a .client
.scheduled .for .surgery? .Select .all .that .apply.
a) .Identify .potential .or .actual .health .problems.
b) .Verify .the .presence .of .a .signed .consent .form.
c) .Assess .patient's .response .to .interventions.
d) .Intervene .to .prevent .complications.
e) .Assess .effectiveness .of .teaching .related .to .postoperative .recovery. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
a) .Identify .potential .or .actual .health .problems.
b) .Verify .the .presence .of .a .signed .consent .form.
e) .Assess .effectiveness .of .teaching .related .to .postoperative .recovery.
5. .A .patient .having .surgery .has .a .degree .of .risk .associated .with .the .surgery. .The .nurse
.would .evaluate .which .patient-related .factors .as .contributing .to .a .high .degree .of .risk
.associated .with .surgery? .Select .all .that .apply.
a) .Type .of .institution .where .surgery .is .performed
b) .Involvement .of .vital .organs
c) .Average .nutritional .status
d) .Low .likelihood .of .procedure .complications
e) .A .history .of .respiratory .disease .and .diabetes .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .Involvement .of
.vital .organs
e) .A .history .of .respiratory .disease .and .diabetes
6. .A .patient .has .just .entered .the .postanesthesia .care .unit .(PACU) .from .surgery. .For .which
.priority .needs .should .the .nurse .immediately .assess .the .postoperative .patient?
a) .Vital .signs, .level .of .consciousness, .presence .of .pain
,b) .Skin .coloring, .surgical .incision, .limb .movements
c) .Skin .temperature, .blood .pressure, .mental .status
d) .Temperature, .emotional .status, .wound .drainage .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Vital .signs,
.level .of .consciousness, .presence .of .pain
7. .The .nurse .in .the .postanesthesia .care .unit .(PACU) .is .assessing .a .postoperative .patient.
.Which .indicators .suggest .to .the .nurse .an .alteration .in .tissue .perfusion? .Select .all .that
.apply.
a) .Pallor .or .cyanosis
b) .Difficulty .with .mobility
c) .Pain .in .the .incision .area
d) .Fluid .loss
e) .Decreased .urinary .output .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Pallor .or .cyanosis
d) .Fluid .loss
e) .Decreased .urinary .output
8. .After .surgery, .the .nurse .encourages .the .patient .to .move .from .side .to .side .at .least
.every .2 .hours. .The .patient .questions .this .activity. .How .does .the .nurse .explain .the
.purpose .of .this .intervention?
a) .Assist .peristalsis .to .return .more .quickly
b) .Lessen .muscle .weakness
c) .Increase .patient's .ability .to .sleep
d) .Let .the .lungs .alternatively .achieve .maximum .expansion .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) .Let .the
.lungs .alternatively .achieve .maximum .expansion
9. .The .nurse .is .creating .a .plan .of .care .for .a .postoperative .patient. .The .nursing .diagnosis
.in .acute .pain. .What .would .be .appropriate .outcomes .for .this .patient? .Select .all .that
.apply.
a) .Balanced .fluid .intake .and .output
b) .Seeks .help .as .needed
, c) .Absence .of .nonverbal .signs .of .pain
d) .Performs .leg .exercises .as .instructed
e) .Verbally .rates .pain .as .3 .on .a .1 .to .10 .scale .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Absence .of
.nonverbal .signs .of .pain
e) .Verbally .rates .pain .as .3 .on .a .1 .to .10 .scale
10. .The .patient .has .been .in .the .postanesthesia .care .unit .(PACU) .for .one .hour. .The .patient
.is .now .groggy .but .able .to .respond .to .voice .commands. .While .assessing .the .patient, .for
.what .reason .would .the .nurse .check .the .bedclothes .underneath .the .patient?
a) .Determine .drainage .from .tubes .or .drains
b) .Assess .for .fluid .balance
c) .Detect .for .possible .hemorrhage
d) .Monitor .perspiration .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Detect .for .possible .hemorrhage
11. .A .65-year-old .was .diagnosed .and .treated .for .right .lower .lobe .pneumonia .4 .days .ago.
.Today, .the .patient .came .to .the .ED .reporting .abrupt .onset .of .chest .pain .that .is .worse
.with .inspiration. .The .nurse .knows .that .the .symptoms .are .consistent .with:
a) .Pleurisy
b) .Stable .angina
c) .Bacteremia
d) .Meningitis .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Pleurisy
12. .The .ED .nurse .is .caring .for .Ginny, .a .45-year-old .female .with .a .recent .history .of .sexual
.assault. .Ginny .came .to .the .ED .crying .and .shaking .and .stated .that .she .had .dyspnea,
.feeling .like .she .was .choking .and .couldn't .breathe, .chest .pain, .and .sweating. .Ginny
.reports .that .the .symptoms .started .about .15 .minutes .before .she .came .to .the .ED. .Ginny's
.symptoms .are .consistent .with:
a) .Myocardial .Infarction
b) .Pneumonia
c) .Panic .Attack
d) .Influenza .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Panic .Attack
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
1. .A .patient .is .being .admitted .to .the .hospital .on .the .day .before .a .scheduled .surgery.
.What .is .the .most .appropriate .initial .question .for .the .nurse .to .ask .this .preoperative
.patient?
a) ."What .did .your .surgeon .say .to .you .about .the .type .of .surgery .you .are .having?"
b) ."What .questions .do .you .have .about .your .surgery?"
c) ."What .type .of .surgery .are .you .having .and .why .are .you .having .it .done?"
d) ."What .do .you .know .about .what .will .be .done .to .you?" .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) ."What
.type .of .surgery .are .you .having .and .why .are .you .having .it .done?"
2. .A .benzodiazepine .has .been .administered .to .a .patient .preoperatively. .After .the .drug .has
.been .administered, .the .nurse .plans .to .monitor .the .patient .for .which .side .effects? .Select
.all .that .apply.
a) .Anxiety
b) .Hypotension
c) .Hypocalcemia
d) .Level .of .Consciousness
e) .Sedation .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Anxiety
d) .Level .of .Consciousness
e) .Sedation
3. .A .preoperative .patient .has .an .elevated .hemoglobin .and .hematocrit. .What .would .the
.nurse .suspect .regarding .the .significance .of .this .increased .value?
,a) .Immune .deficiency
b) .Kidney .dysfunction
c) .Malignancy
d) .Dehydration .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) .Dehydration
4. .Which .activities .should .the .nurse .carry .out .in .the .preoperative .period .for .a .client
.scheduled .for .surgery? .Select .all .that .apply.
a) .Identify .potential .or .actual .health .problems.
b) .Verify .the .presence .of .a .signed .consent .form.
c) .Assess .patient's .response .to .interventions.
d) .Intervene .to .prevent .complications.
e) .Assess .effectiveness .of .teaching .related .to .postoperative .recovery. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
a) .Identify .potential .or .actual .health .problems.
b) .Verify .the .presence .of .a .signed .consent .form.
e) .Assess .effectiveness .of .teaching .related .to .postoperative .recovery.
5. .A .patient .having .surgery .has .a .degree .of .risk .associated .with .the .surgery. .The .nurse
.would .evaluate .which .patient-related .factors .as .contributing .to .a .high .degree .of .risk
.associated .with .surgery? .Select .all .that .apply.
a) .Type .of .institution .where .surgery .is .performed
b) .Involvement .of .vital .organs
c) .Average .nutritional .status
d) .Low .likelihood .of .procedure .complications
e) .A .history .of .respiratory .disease .and .diabetes .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .Involvement .of
.vital .organs
e) .A .history .of .respiratory .disease .and .diabetes
6. .A .patient .has .just .entered .the .postanesthesia .care .unit .(PACU) .from .surgery. .For .which
.priority .needs .should .the .nurse .immediately .assess .the .postoperative .patient?
a) .Vital .signs, .level .of .consciousness, .presence .of .pain
,b) .Skin .coloring, .surgical .incision, .limb .movements
c) .Skin .temperature, .blood .pressure, .mental .status
d) .Temperature, .emotional .status, .wound .drainage .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Vital .signs,
.level .of .consciousness, .presence .of .pain
7. .The .nurse .in .the .postanesthesia .care .unit .(PACU) .is .assessing .a .postoperative .patient.
.Which .indicators .suggest .to .the .nurse .an .alteration .in .tissue .perfusion? .Select .all .that
.apply.
a) .Pallor .or .cyanosis
b) .Difficulty .with .mobility
c) .Pain .in .the .incision .area
d) .Fluid .loss
e) .Decreased .urinary .output .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Pallor .or .cyanosis
d) .Fluid .loss
e) .Decreased .urinary .output
8. .After .surgery, .the .nurse .encourages .the .patient .to .move .from .side .to .side .at .least
.every .2 .hours. .The .patient .questions .this .activity. .How .does .the .nurse .explain .the
.purpose .of .this .intervention?
a) .Assist .peristalsis .to .return .more .quickly
b) .Lessen .muscle .weakness
c) .Increase .patient's .ability .to .sleep
d) .Let .the .lungs .alternatively .achieve .maximum .expansion .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) .Let .the
.lungs .alternatively .achieve .maximum .expansion
9. .The .nurse .is .creating .a .plan .of .care .for .a .postoperative .patient. .The .nursing .diagnosis
.in .acute .pain. .What .would .be .appropriate .outcomes .for .this .patient? .Select .all .that
.apply.
a) .Balanced .fluid .intake .and .output
b) .Seeks .help .as .needed
, c) .Absence .of .nonverbal .signs .of .pain
d) .Performs .leg .exercises .as .instructed
e) .Verbally .rates .pain .as .3 .on .a .1 .to .10 .scale .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Absence .of
.nonverbal .signs .of .pain
e) .Verbally .rates .pain .as .3 .on .a .1 .to .10 .scale
10. .The .patient .has .been .in .the .postanesthesia .care .unit .(PACU) .for .one .hour. .The .patient
.is .now .groggy .but .able .to .respond .to .voice .commands. .While .assessing .the .patient, .for
.what .reason .would .the .nurse .check .the .bedclothes .underneath .the .patient?
a) .Determine .drainage .from .tubes .or .drains
b) .Assess .for .fluid .balance
c) .Detect .for .possible .hemorrhage
d) .Monitor .perspiration .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Detect .for .possible .hemorrhage
11. .A .65-year-old .was .diagnosed .and .treated .for .right .lower .lobe .pneumonia .4 .days .ago.
.Today, .the .patient .came .to .the .ED .reporting .abrupt .onset .of .chest .pain .that .is .worse
.with .inspiration. .The .nurse .knows .that .the .symptoms .are .consistent .with:
a) .Pleurisy
b) .Stable .angina
c) .Bacteremia
d) .Meningitis .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) .Pleurisy
12. .The .ED .nurse .is .caring .for .Ginny, .a .45-year-old .female .with .a .recent .history .of .sexual
.assault. .Ginny .came .to .the .ED .crying .and .shaking .and .stated .that .she .had .dyspnea,
.feeling .like .she .was .choking .and .couldn't .breathe, .chest .pain, .and .sweating. .Ginny
.reports .that .the .symptoms .started .about .15 .minutes .before .she .came .to .the .ED. .Ginny's
.symptoms .are .consistent .with:
a) .Myocardial .Infarction
b) .Pneumonia
c) .Panic .Attack
d) .Influenza .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Panic .Attack
