NSG530 / NSG 530 Ch 9 Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation AN
SWERS [GRADED A+]
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h7jjxq
ANS: C
1. How is hypersensitivity best defined?
Hypersensitivity is an altered immuno-
logic response to an antigen that results
a. A disturbance in the immunologic tol-
in disease or damage to the host. Au-
erance of self-antigens
toimmunity is a disturbance in the im-
b. An immunologic reaction of one per-
munologic tolerance of self-antigens. Al-
son to the tissue of another person
loimmunity is the immunologic reaction
c. An altered immunologic response to
of one person to the tissue of another
an antigen that results in disease
person. An immune deficiency of some
d. An undetectable immune response in
type would cause undetectable immune
the presence of antigens
response in the presence of antigens.
ANS: B
Examples of systemic anaphylaxis are
allergic reactions to beestings, peanuts,
and fish. Hemolytic shock would be a
2. What is a hypersensitivity reaction that
state in which erythrocytes are destroyed
produces an allergic response called?
by complement-mediated lysis to the
point of causing a state of shock. Necro-
a. Hemolytic shock
tizing vasculitis is inflammation of blood
b. Anaphylaxis
vessel walls that limits perfusion. Sys-
c. Necrotizing vasculitis
temic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a
d. Systemic erythematosus
chronic, multisystem, inflammatory dis-
ease and is one of the most common,
complex, and serious of the autoimmune
disorders.
ANS: A
3. The common hay fever allergy is ex- Type I reactions are mediated by anti-
pressed through a reaction that is medi- gen-specific IgE and the products of tis-
ated by which class of immunoglobulins? sue mast cells. The most common al-
lergies (e.g., pollen allergies) are type I
a. IgE reactions. In addition, most type I reac-
b. IgG tions occur against environmental anti-
c. IgM gens and are therefore allergic. Hay fever
d. T cells allergy is not mediated by IgG, IgM, or T
cells.
4. What are blood transfusion reactions
an example of? a. Autoimmunity
b. Alloimmunity
c. Homoimmunity
d. Hypersensitivity
, NSG530 / NSG 530 Ch 9 Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation AN
SWERS [GRADED A+]
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h7jjxq
ANS: B
Alloimmunity (also termed isoimmunity)
occurs when the immune system of one
individual produces an immunologic re-
action against tissues of another individ-
ual. Autoimmunity is a disturbance in the
immunologic tolerance of self-antigens.
Homoimmunity refers to the resistance of
a lysogenic bacterium that is carrying a
phage to an infection by the same type
of phage. Hypersensitivity is an altered
immunologic response to an antigen that
results in disease or damage to the host.
5. During an IgE-mediated hypersensi-
tivity reaction, which leukocyte is activat-
ANS: C
ed?
Of the options provided, only eosinophils
a. Neutrophils
are activated during IgE-mediated hyper-
b. Monocytes
sensitivity reactions.
c. Eosinophils
d. T lymphocytes
6. During an IgE-mediated hypersen-
sitivity reaction, what causes bron-
chospasm?
ANS: C
During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivi-
a. Bronchial edema caused by the
ty reaction, smooth muscle contraction
chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis
caused by histamine bound to H1 re-
b. Bronchial edema caused by binding of
ceptors results in bronchospasms. The
the cytotropic antibody
bronchospasm is not caused by edema
c. Smooth muscle contraction caused by
or by histamine binding to H2 receptors.
histamine bound to H1 receptors
d. Smooth muscle contraction caused by
histamine bound to H2 receptors
7. A patient is having an IgE-mediated ANS: A
hypersensitivity reaction. What action by Histamine is the most potent mediator
the healthcare professional is best? in an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity re-
action (Type 1). Histamine bound to H2
a. Give the patient an antihistamine. results in the degranulation of mast cells
, NSG530 / NSG 530 Ch 9 Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation AN
SWERS [GRADED A+]
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h7jjxq
b. Prepare to give the patient a blood with the release of histamine. Blocking
transfusion. histamine receptors with antihistamines
c. Ask the patient is he/she is having pain can control some type I responses. The
at the site. healthcare professional would not need
d. Apply warm, moist heat to the affected to give the patient blood; warm; moist
area. heat; or ask about pain.
8. What characteristic do atopic individu- ANS: C
als have that make them genetically pre- Atopic individuals tend to produce higher
disposed to develop allergies? quantities of IgE and to have more crys-
talline fragment (Fc) receptors for IgE on
a. Greater quantities of histamine their mast cells. Greater quantities of his-
b. More histamine receptors tamine, more histamine receptors, and a
c. Greater quantities of IgE deficiency in epinephrine do not lead to
d. A deficiency in epinephrine a genetic predisposition to allergies.
9. A student asks about the mechanism
that results in type II hypersensitivity re-
actions. What description by the profes-
sor is best?
a. Antibodies coat mast cells by binding
ANS: D
to receptors that signal its degranulation,
The mechanism that results in a type II
followed by a discharge of preformed
hypersensitivity reaction begins with an-
mediators.
tibody binding to tissue-specific antigens
b. Antibodies bind to soluble antigens
or antigens that have attached to partic-
that were released into body fluids, and
ular tissues. The cell can be destroyed
the
by antibody IgG or IgM and activation
immune complexes are then deposited
of the complement cascade through the
in the tissues.
classical pathway.
c. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes or lym-
phokine-producing helper T 1 cells di-
rectly
attack and destroy cellular targets.
d. Antibodies bind to the antigens on the
cell surface.
10. When mismatched blood is admin- ANS: A
istered causing an ABO incompatibility, Erythrocytes are destroyed by comple-
how are the erythrocytes destroyed? ment-mediated lysis in individuals with
SWERS [GRADED A+]
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h7jjxq
ANS: C
1. How is hypersensitivity best defined?
Hypersensitivity is an altered immuno-
logic response to an antigen that results
a. A disturbance in the immunologic tol-
in disease or damage to the host. Au-
erance of self-antigens
toimmunity is a disturbance in the im-
b. An immunologic reaction of one per-
munologic tolerance of self-antigens. Al-
son to the tissue of another person
loimmunity is the immunologic reaction
c. An altered immunologic response to
of one person to the tissue of another
an antigen that results in disease
person. An immune deficiency of some
d. An undetectable immune response in
type would cause undetectable immune
the presence of antigens
response in the presence of antigens.
ANS: B
Examples of systemic anaphylaxis are
allergic reactions to beestings, peanuts,
and fish. Hemolytic shock would be a
2. What is a hypersensitivity reaction that
state in which erythrocytes are destroyed
produces an allergic response called?
by complement-mediated lysis to the
point of causing a state of shock. Necro-
a. Hemolytic shock
tizing vasculitis is inflammation of blood
b. Anaphylaxis
vessel walls that limits perfusion. Sys-
c. Necrotizing vasculitis
temic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a
d. Systemic erythematosus
chronic, multisystem, inflammatory dis-
ease and is one of the most common,
complex, and serious of the autoimmune
disorders.
ANS: A
3. The common hay fever allergy is ex- Type I reactions are mediated by anti-
pressed through a reaction that is medi- gen-specific IgE and the products of tis-
ated by which class of immunoglobulins? sue mast cells. The most common al-
lergies (e.g., pollen allergies) are type I
a. IgE reactions. In addition, most type I reac-
b. IgG tions occur against environmental anti-
c. IgM gens and are therefore allergic. Hay fever
d. T cells allergy is not mediated by IgG, IgM, or T
cells.
4. What are blood transfusion reactions
an example of? a. Autoimmunity
b. Alloimmunity
c. Homoimmunity
d. Hypersensitivity
, NSG530 / NSG 530 Ch 9 Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation AN
SWERS [GRADED A+]
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h7jjxq
ANS: B
Alloimmunity (also termed isoimmunity)
occurs when the immune system of one
individual produces an immunologic re-
action against tissues of another individ-
ual. Autoimmunity is a disturbance in the
immunologic tolerance of self-antigens.
Homoimmunity refers to the resistance of
a lysogenic bacterium that is carrying a
phage to an infection by the same type
of phage. Hypersensitivity is an altered
immunologic response to an antigen that
results in disease or damage to the host.
5. During an IgE-mediated hypersensi-
tivity reaction, which leukocyte is activat-
ANS: C
ed?
Of the options provided, only eosinophils
a. Neutrophils
are activated during IgE-mediated hyper-
b. Monocytes
sensitivity reactions.
c. Eosinophils
d. T lymphocytes
6. During an IgE-mediated hypersen-
sitivity reaction, what causes bron-
chospasm?
ANS: C
During an IgE-mediated hypersensitivi-
a. Bronchial edema caused by the
ty reaction, smooth muscle contraction
chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis
caused by histamine bound to H1 re-
b. Bronchial edema caused by binding of
ceptors results in bronchospasms. The
the cytotropic antibody
bronchospasm is not caused by edema
c. Smooth muscle contraction caused by
or by histamine binding to H2 receptors.
histamine bound to H1 receptors
d. Smooth muscle contraction caused by
histamine bound to H2 receptors
7. A patient is having an IgE-mediated ANS: A
hypersensitivity reaction. What action by Histamine is the most potent mediator
the healthcare professional is best? in an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity re-
action (Type 1). Histamine bound to H2
a. Give the patient an antihistamine. results in the degranulation of mast cells
, NSG530 / NSG 530 Ch 9 Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation AN
SWERS [GRADED A+]
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h7jjxq
b. Prepare to give the patient a blood with the release of histamine. Blocking
transfusion. histamine receptors with antihistamines
c. Ask the patient is he/she is having pain can control some type I responses. The
at the site. healthcare professional would not need
d. Apply warm, moist heat to the affected to give the patient blood; warm; moist
area. heat; or ask about pain.
8. What characteristic do atopic individu- ANS: C
als have that make them genetically pre- Atopic individuals tend to produce higher
disposed to develop allergies? quantities of IgE and to have more crys-
talline fragment (Fc) receptors for IgE on
a. Greater quantities of histamine their mast cells. Greater quantities of his-
b. More histamine receptors tamine, more histamine receptors, and a
c. Greater quantities of IgE deficiency in epinephrine do not lead to
d. A deficiency in epinephrine a genetic predisposition to allergies.
9. A student asks about the mechanism
that results in type II hypersensitivity re-
actions. What description by the profes-
sor is best?
a. Antibodies coat mast cells by binding
ANS: D
to receptors that signal its degranulation,
The mechanism that results in a type II
followed by a discharge of preformed
hypersensitivity reaction begins with an-
mediators.
tibody binding to tissue-specific antigens
b. Antibodies bind to soluble antigens
or antigens that have attached to partic-
that were released into body fluids, and
ular tissues. The cell can be destroyed
the
by antibody IgG or IgM and activation
immune complexes are then deposited
of the complement cascade through the
in the tissues.
classical pathway.
c. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes or lym-
phokine-producing helper T 1 cells di-
rectly
attack and destroy cellular targets.
d. Antibodies bind to the antigens on the
cell surface.
10. When mismatched blood is admin- ANS: A
istered causing an ABO incompatibility, Erythrocytes are destroyed by comple-
how are the erythrocytes destroyed? ment-mediated lysis in individuals with
