IPAC CIC Exam - Questions With Thorough
Solutions
Primary Barriers Correct Answer - Physical barriers that act as
the first part of the immune system, including skin, mucous
membranes, and expulsion (coughing, sneezing, urinating, vomiting,
etc.).
Innate Immunity Correct Answer - The second area of the
immune system that is non-specific, spontaneous, and reactive.
Includes phagocytes, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and
neutrophils.
Adaptive Immunity Correct Answer - The third area of the
immune system that is specific, has memory, and adapts to and
recognizes specific antigens. Memory occurs through B cells and T
cells.
Immunosenescence Correct Answer - Naturally waning
immunity that occurs as part of the ageing process
What is the most common cause of acute GI infection in LTC?
Correct Answer - Norovirus
What is the incubation and infectious period for norovirus?
Correct Answer - Incubation = 2 days
Infectious = up to 10 days
What is the leading cause of death amongst LTC residents? Correct
Answer - Influenza
What is the incubation and infectious period for influenza? Correct
Answer - Incubation = 1 day
, Infectious = up to 5 days
What are the 10 ethical principles in LTC related to IPAC? Correct
Answer - 1. Beneficence
2. Non-maleficence
3. Futility of treatment
4. Confidentiality
5. Autonomy and informed consent
6. Physician-patient relationship
7. Truth telling
8. Justice
9. Non-abandonment
10. Limited resources
Beneficence Correct Answer - • Do right ("good") by the
patient.
• The physician's main concern is the welfare of the patient.
• Do what is medically helpful.
Non-maleficence Correct Answer - • Avoiding harm.
• Implement effective non-hospital treatment when possible (due to
complications that can arise during hospitalization of elderly
patients).
• Withhold diagnostic work-up or treatment when intervention is
unlikely to result in meaningful survival or patient well-being.
Futility of treatment Correct Answer - • Treatment should be
consistent with the patient's (clinically realistic) goals.
• Assess each case individually so as to determine whether
treatment would be beneficial.
• Avoid interventions that would not benefit the patient and/or
prolong suffering.
• Physician's role as an educator helps clarify issues.
Solutions
Primary Barriers Correct Answer - Physical barriers that act as
the first part of the immune system, including skin, mucous
membranes, and expulsion (coughing, sneezing, urinating, vomiting,
etc.).
Innate Immunity Correct Answer - The second area of the
immune system that is non-specific, spontaneous, and reactive.
Includes phagocytes, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and
neutrophils.
Adaptive Immunity Correct Answer - The third area of the
immune system that is specific, has memory, and adapts to and
recognizes specific antigens. Memory occurs through B cells and T
cells.
Immunosenescence Correct Answer - Naturally waning
immunity that occurs as part of the ageing process
What is the most common cause of acute GI infection in LTC?
Correct Answer - Norovirus
What is the incubation and infectious period for norovirus?
Correct Answer - Incubation = 2 days
Infectious = up to 10 days
What is the leading cause of death amongst LTC residents? Correct
Answer - Influenza
What is the incubation and infectious period for influenza? Correct
Answer - Incubation = 1 day
, Infectious = up to 5 days
What are the 10 ethical principles in LTC related to IPAC? Correct
Answer - 1. Beneficence
2. Non-maleficence
3. Futility of treatment
4. Confidentiality
5. Autonomy and informed consent
6. Physician-patient relationship
7. Truth telling
8. Justice
9. Non-abandonment
10. Limited resources
Beneficence Correct Answer - • Do right ("good") by the
patient.
• The physician's main concern is the welfare of the patient.
• Do what is medically helpful.
Non-maleficence Correct Answer - • Avoiding harm.
• Implement effective non-hospital treatment when possible (due to
complications that can arise during hospitalization of elderly
patients).
• Withhold diagnostic work-up or treatment when intervention is
unlikely to result in meaningful survival or patient well-being.
Futility of treatment Correct Answer - • Treatment should be
consistent with the patient's (clinically realistic) goals.
• Assess each case individually so as to determine whether
treatment would be beneficial.
• Avoid interventions that would not benefit the patient and/or
prolong suffering.
• Physician's role as an educator helps clarify issues.
