UW Madison Bio 101 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2025

UW Madison Bio 101 Exam 1 Questions
and Answers 2025
WhatAisAaAcovalentAbond?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-WhenAtwoAatomsAshareAelectrons
WhatAareAtheAthreeAkeyApolarAcovalentAbondsA(forAtheAsakeAofAthisAclass)?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-O-H,AN-H,AS-H

WhatAcanAHAbondAto?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-OtherApolarAmoleculesAandAwater.
HowAareApolymersAbuilt?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
ThroughAdehydrationAreactionsA(MonomerAin,AwaterAout)
HowAareApolymersAbrokenAdown?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
ThroughAhydrolysisAreactionsA(WaterAin,AmonomerAout)
WhatAisAtheAidentifyingAshapeAofAaAcarbohydrate?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-Ring-shaped
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAaAdisaccharide?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
ToAbeAbrokenAdownAforAquickAenergy.
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAglucose?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
GlucoseAisAaAmonosaccharideAthatAisAusedAasAfuelAtoAmakeAATP.
T/F:AAllApolysaccharidesAareAcomposedAofAglucose.A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-True
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAaAstarch?AWhereAisAitAfound?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
Function:AEnergyAStorage
Found:AinAplants
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAglycogen?AWhereAisAitAfound?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
Function:AenergyAstorageA
Found:Aanimals
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAcellulose?AWhereAisAitAfound?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
Function:AStructural
Found:APlantAcells
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAchitin?AWhereAisAitAfound?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
Function:AStructural
Found:AInsects,AsomeAanimals,Afungi
CanAanimalsAbreakAdownAcellulose?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
No.ACowsAcanAonlyAbreakAdownAcelluloseAbecauseAofAmicroorganismsAwithinAtheirAstoma
chAthatAcan.
DescribeAwhatAaAproteinAstructureAlooksAlike?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
AAcentralAcarbonAisAbondedAtoAanAaminoAgroup,AaAhydrogen,AaAcarboxylAgroup,AandAaAvary
ingARAgroup.
WhichAendAofAaApolypeptideAisAreadAfirst;AtheAcarboxylAterminusAorAaminoAterminus?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-TheAaminoAterminus

WhatAmustAhappenAtoAaApolypeptideAbeforeAitAcanAbecomeAaAfunctioningAprotein?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-ItAmustAfold.

WhatAisAtheAfirstAlevelA(degree)AofAproteinAstructure?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
ItAisAtheAlinkedAseriesAofAaminoAacidsAandAtheirAuniqueAsequence.
WhatAisAtheAsecondAlevelA(degree)AofAproteinAstructure?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
AlphaAhelicesAorAbeta-pleatedAsheets.ALocalizedAfoldingAcreatedAbyAHAbonding

, WhatAisAtheAthirdAlevelA(degree)AofAproteinAstructure?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheA3DAshapeAofAaAproteinAdueAtoAtheAinteractionsAbetweenARAgroups.
WhatAtypesAofAinteractionsAbetweenARAgroupsAareAimportantAinAmaintainingAtertiaryAstruct
ure?ADescribeAthem.A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-1.HydrogenAbonds
2.ADisulfideAbridgeA(covalentAbond)
3.AIonicAbondsA(attractionAbetweenA(+)AandA(-)Acharges)
4.AHydrophobicAexclusionA(interactionsA[manyAhydrophobicApartsAmovingAtowardAinside])
WhatAdoAchaperoneAproteinsAdo?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheyAstopAimproperAactionsAfromAoccurringAwhileAtheAproteinsAareAbeingAfolded.
WhatAisAtheAfourthAlevelA(degree)AofAproteinAstructure?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheAaggregationAofAtwoAorAmoreApolypeptides.
WillAaAchangeAinAprimaryAstructureAresultAinAproblemsAdownstreamAinAstructureAorAfunction
ingAofAaAprotein?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
NotAalways.AItAjustAdependsAonAwhatAtheAchangeAisAandAwhere.
AreAenzymesAfunctionalAatAnon-optimalAconditions?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
No.APhysicalAconditionsAeffectAenzymeAfunction
WhatAareAtheAfunctionsAofAlipids?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
Growth,AutilizationAofAsomeAvitamins,Ainsulation,Ahormones,AexcellentAenergyAsource,Aand
AaAmajorAcomponentAof AcellAmembranes.

WhatAareAtheAfunctionsAofAsteroids?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
HormonesA(estrogenAandAtestosterone)AandAmembraneAstructureA(cholesterol)
HowAdoesAcholesterolAmoveAthroughAtheAbloodstream?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
AsAaAlipoproteinAcomplex
DescribeAlowAdensityAlipoproteinAandAhighAdensityAlipoprotein.A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
LDL-AcarriesAcholesterolAfromAtheAliverAtoAcells.A"bad"Acholesterol.AcanAclogAarteries.A
HDL-
ApicksAupAexcessAcholesterolAfromAcells.ADeliversAtoAtheAliverAforArecycling/disposal.A"Goo

d"Acholesterol.AcleansAupAafterALDLs
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAfatsAandAoils?AAreAtheyAhydrophilicAorAhydrophobic?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-

TheAmainAfunctionAisAenergyAstorage.ATheyAareAVERYAhydrophobic.
WhatAareAtheAdifferencesAbetweenAsaturatedAfatsAandAunsaturatedAfats?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-Saturated-

AthereAareAnoAC=C.AStraightAshape.ATheyAincreaseAtheAlevelAofAHDLAandALDLAinAtheAbodyA

(netA(-)Aeffect)
Unsaturated-
AthereAisAatAleastAoneAC=C.AThereAareAkinksAinAtheAshapeAofAit.ATheyAdecreaseALDLsAandAr

aiseAHDLs
WhatAisAtheAfunctionAofAphospholipids?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-MembraneAstructure
WhatAdoesAaAphospholipidAstructureAlookAlike?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
ThereAareAtwoAfattyAacidAtailsAandAaAphosphateAcontainingAheadAgroup.AItAhasAamphipathi
c,Ahydrophobic,AandAhydrophilicAregions
WhatAdoAphospholipidsAdoAinAwater?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
micellesAformA(droplets).AHydrophilicAheadsAaroundAtheAoutside,AhydrophobicAtailsAinAtheAi
nside.