PS 210
Psychology of Child & Adolescence
4.0 Credits
Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
©2025
, Multiple Choice Questions (10 Questions)
1. Question:
According to Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, the primary
developmental task during adolescence is to resolve the conflict of:
- a. Trust vs. Mistrust
- b. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
- c. Initiative vs. Guilt
- d. Identity vs. Role Confusion
ANS: d. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Rationale:
Erikson asserts that adolescence is marked by the crisis of
Identity vs. Role Confusion, during which individuals work to
develop a coherent sense of self and direction.
2. Question:
In Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, adolescents
typically operate in the:
- a. Sensorimotor stage
- b. Preoperational stage
- c. Concrete operational stage
- d. Formal operational stage
ANS: d. Formal operational stage
Rationale:
The formal operational stage is characterized by abstract
thinking, logical reasoning, and the ability to work with hypothetical
concepts, typically emerging during adolescence.
3. Question:
Vygotsky’s concept of the “zone of proximal development” refers
to:
- a. The difference between a child’s actual developmental level
and the highest level they can achieve with guidance
- b. The period when children learn through imitation
- c. The stage at which children begin logical reasoning
- d. The discrepancy between cognitive and emotional
©2025
, development
ANS: a. The difference between a child’s actual developmental
level and the highest level they can achieve with guidance
Rationale:
The zone of proximal development (ZPD) defines the range
between what a learner can do independently and what they can
achieve with appropriate assistance, emphasizing the importance
of social interaction in learning.
4. Question:
Which theory emphasizes the influence of multiple environmental
systems, from immediate family to broader cultural contexts, on
child development?
- a. Cognitive Development Theory
- b. Psychosocial Theory
- c. Ecological Systems Theory
- d. Behaviorism
ANS: c. Ecological Systems Theory
Rationale:
Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory explains
development as a result of interactions within nested environmental
systems (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem).
5. Question:
Secure attachment in early childhood is most strongly associated
with:
- a. Increased aggression in adolescence
- b. Better social competence and emotional regulation
- c. Higher academic achievement, independent of family context
- d. Delayed language development
ANS: b. Better social competence and emotional regulation
Rationale:
Secure attachment, as described by Bowlby and Ainsworth,
provides a stable foundation for children, supporting healthy social
interactions and the development of effective emotional regulation
©2025
Psychology of Child & Adolescence
4.0 Credits
Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
©2025
, Multiple Choice Questions (10 Questions)
1. Question:
According to Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, the primary
developmental task during adolescence is to resolve the conflict of:
- a. Trust vs. Mistrust
- b. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
- c. Initiative vs. Guilt
- d. Identity vs. Role Confusion
ANS: d. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Rationale:
Erikson asserts that adolescence is marked by the crisis of
Identity vs. Role Confusion, during which individuals work to
develop a coherent sense of self and direction.
2. Question:
In Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, adolescents
typically operate in the:
- a. Sensorimotor stage
- b. Preoperational stage
- c. Concrete operational stage
- d. Formal operational stage
ANS: d. Formal operational stage
Rationale:
The formal operational stage is characterized by abstract
thinking, logical reasoning, and the ability to work with hypothetical
concepts, typically emerging during adolescence.
3. Question:
Vygotsky’s concept of the “zone of proximal development” refers
to:
- a. The difference between a child’s actual developmental level
and the highest level they can achieve with guidance
- b. The period when children learn through imitation
- c. The stage at which children begin logical reasoning
- d. The discrepancy between cognitive and emotional
©2025
, development
ANS: a. The difference between a child’s actual developmental
level and the highest level they can achieve with guidance
Rationale:
The zone of proximal development (ZPD) defines the range
between what a learner can do independently and what they can
achieve with appropriate assistance, emphasizing the importance
of social interaction in learning.
4. Question:
Which theory emphasizes the influence of multiple environmental
systems, from immediate family to broader cultural contexts, on
child development?
- a. Cognitive Development Theory
- b. Psychosocial Theory
- c. Ecological Systems Theory
- d. Behaviorism
ANS: c. Ecological Systems Theory
Rationale:
Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory explains
development as a result of interactions within nested environmental
systems (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem).
5. Question:
Secure attachment in early childhood is most strongly associated
with:
- a. Increased aggression in adolescence
- b. Better social competence and emotional regulation
- c. Higher academic achievement, independent of family context
- d. Delayed language development
ANS: b. Better social competence and emotional regulation
Rationale:
Secure attachment, as described by Bowlby and Ainsworth,
provides a stable foundation for children, supporting healthy social
interactions and the development of effective emotional regulation
©2025
