EDF 6225 Chapter 1 and 2 (For test 1) Practice Questions and Correct Answers

EDF 6225 Chapter 1 and 2 (For test 1) Practice Questions and Correct Answers Applied Behavior Analysis: The science in which tactics derived from the principles of _________ are applied to improve ________ significant behavior and experimentation is used to identify the variables responsible for behavior change. behavior socially ________________: The idea that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as a result of other events, or are systematically related to other factors, which are themselves physical phenomena amendable to scientific investigation. Determinism Behaviorism: The ___________ of the science of behavior. The science of behavior entails 3 domains: philosophy, basic research (______) and applied research (ABA). philosophy EAB ______________: a controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomena of interest (__________ variable) under two or more different conditions, in which only one factor at a time (independent variable) differs from one condition to another. Experiment dependent Empiricism: the practice of ____________ observation of the phenomena of interest, independent of the individual prejudices, tastes and private opinions of the scientist. objective Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB): _________ research; named by Skinner to be the analysis of operant behavior. Basic ___________ Fiction: a fictitious or hypothetical variable that often takes form of another name for the observed phenomenon it claims to explain and contributes nothing to a functional account or understanding of the phenomenon, such as "intelligence" or "cognitive awareness" as explanations for why an organism pushes the lever when the light is on and food is available but does not push the lever when the light is off and no food is available. Explanatory Hypothetic Constructs Presumed but unobserved entities that cannot be manipulated in an experiment, such as cognitive processes, drives and free will. Functional Analysis: a demonstration of functional ________ between environmental variables and behavior. This differs from a correlation. A correlation means that we see two things sometimes _________ with each other, such as vocabulary knowledge and shoe size. However, shoe size does not determine vocabulary knowledge, and therefore those two variables do not have a function relation. A functional relation indicates as one variable changes in one way, the other variable reliably changes as well. A functional relation exists when we well controlled experiment demonstrates a specific change in one event is _________ produced by manipulations of another event, and the change is unlikely to be due to other cofounding variables. relations covary reliably