PSY
PSY 368 FINAL EXAM COMPLETE 120
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
what three characteristics should a terror alert include, according to Willis ( 2006) ? -
Correct Ans-- analytic: needs to address threat, vulnerability, and consequences
- deliberative: need to include transparency in values/ judgments. discussions
- practical: multiple data collection & analysis procedures
What was the stated purpose of the HSAS ? - Correct Ans-- provide government,
authorities, & public information about current terrorism risk
- create common lanugage for discussing risk
- facilitate decision- making in private & public sectors
how did the HSAS convey terrorism threat information? what were the levels of green,
and what were the recommended actions at each level? - Correct Ans-green:
- low risk of terrorist attacks
- low threat
- refine & organize procedures for potential terrorist attacks
e.g. emergency plans, shelters, first aid/ CRP courses, etc.
never use this
what were the levels of Blue - Correct Ans-- general risk of terrorist attacks
- guarded threat
- review & update emergency responses, provide public with helpful info.
- never use this
what were the levels of Yellow - Correct Ans-- significant risk of terrorist attacks
- elevated threat( see more govt. action)
- increased surveillance of key locations, coordinate emergency responses
what were the levels of organge - Correct Ans-- high level
- close collaboration between federal/ state/ local law enforcement ( and military) a prep
for quick action
- extra caution at public events, consider alternatives
- travel warnings ( delays & restrictions)
- spent a lot of time at this level
what were the levels of red - Correct Ans-- severe level
PSY
,PSY
- emergency personnel dispatched to key locations, monitoring of transportation
readiness to close down public/ govt. facilities
what are the advantages of the HSAS - Correct Ans-- well-intentioned ( warn the
unsuspecting)
- simple to understand
what were the disadvantages of the HSAS - Correct Ans-- yellow to orange -> increased
physiological arousal, anxiety, depression
- mentally ill, disabled, african Americans, latino, Chinese americans, Korean
Americans, non-US citizen all perceived higher risk levels than white, healthy controls
- overstimulated threat-> stronger physiological/ psychosocial reactions -> avoidance
behaviors
- chronic fear & anxiety -> more chronic medicate conditions, cardiac events, more
substance abuse
- lots of negative health outcomes, especially for some population
what is an National Terrorism Advisory System ( NTAS) bulletin - Correct Ans-
communicate gender terrorism-related info
a. not necessarily a direct threat to US, but info that may be helpful to law enforcement,
etc
What is an NTAS alert ? - Correct Ans-- specific, creditable information about a terrorist
threat against the US
- info about threat, targeted geographic region, mode of transportation, infrastructure
potentially affected, etc
- steps for individuals and communities to protect themselves, prevent/ mitigate/
respond to threat
what is the difference between an elevated alert and an imminent alert? - Correct Ans-
elevated alert: credible threat, but only general info. about timing, target, etc.
imminent alert: credible, specific threat info. and believed to be impending
How do fear and anger differ when it comes to risk appraisal? - Correct Ans-fear:
appraisals of uncertainty, situational control ( negative)
anger: appraisals of certainty, individual control ( positive)
What do these different effects on risk appraisal predict about people's counterterrorism
preferences? - Correct Ans-- anger= most dominant emotion
- men more optimistic than women
- anger -> lower risk estimate-> fewer plans for responding to future attacks ( more
support for vengeful deportation policy, less support for conciliatory policy
PSY
, PSY
- fear-> higher risk estimate-＞ more plans for responding to future attacks ( less
support for vengeful deportation policy, more support for conciliatory policy)
- anger triggered optimism, while fear triggered pessimism
How do the psychological effects of perceived threat differ from the psychological
effects of anxiety ?(Huddy et al ( 2005) ) threat - Correct Ans-threat:
- vilify threatening out-group ( threats-> increased authoritarianism -> increased
prejudice and intolerance & ethnocentrism
- support for punitive action against out-group
- increased in-group solidarity
How do the psychological effects of perceived threat differ from the psychological
effects of anxiety ?(Huddy et al ( 2005) ) anxiety - Correct Ans-- impaired cognitive
functioning ( diverted attention)
- higher risk appraisal ( uncertainty, lack of control)
- increased risk aversion ( avoiding risk situation = good anxiety management)
describe the relative levels of perceived threat and anxiety seen among Americans in
the Huddy et al ( 2005) study - Correct Ans-- perceived threat: more support of
government retaliation ( action) take care of out own and go get the bad guy
- anxiety: less support for government retaliation, especially if it might incite further
attacks
How did perceived threat vs. anxiety predict participants' support for military intervention
-> approval of president Bush - Correct Ans-- perceived threat-> increased support for
US military intervention, higher approval of Pres. Bush ( retaliation)
- anxiety -> decreased support for US military intervention & overseas involvement,
lower approval of Pres. Bush ( risk aversion) avoid risky things
How did perceived threat vs. anxiety predict participants' reaction to Arabs and Arab-
Americans? - Correct Ans-- perceive threat -> negative stereotyping of Arabs and Arab-
Americans, more support for immigration & surveillance policies to restrict them (
vilification of threatening out-group & retaliation)
- anxiety -> decreased support for US military intervention & overseas involvement,
lower approval of Pres. Bush ( risk aversion ) avoid risky things
How did perceived threat vs. anxiety predict participants' opinions about domestic
antiterrorism measures? - Correct Ans-- perceived threat-> increased support for
domestic antiterrorism measures ( e.g. surveillance, national ID cards)
- anxiety -> no impact on views of domestic policies
How does proximity to a terror attack influence threat perceptions - Correct Ans--
greater perceived terrorism risk ( e.g. being hurt in attack)
PSY
PSY 368 FINAL EXAM COMPLETE 120
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
what three characteristics should a terror alert include, according to Willis ( 2006) ? -
Correct Ans-- analytic: needs to address threat, vulnerability, and consequences
- deliberative: need to include transparency in values/ judgments. discussions
- practical: multiple data collection & analysis procedures
What was the stated purpose of the HSAS ? - Correct Ans-- provide government,
authorities, & public information about current terrorism risk
- create common lanugage for discussing risk
- facilitate decision- making in private & public sectors
how did the HSAS convey terrorism threat information? what were the levels of green,
and what were the recommended actions at each level? - Correct Ans-green:
- low risk of terrorist attacks
- low threat
- refine & organize procedures for potential terrorist attacks
e.g. emergency plans, shelters, first aid/ CRP courses, etc.
never use this
what were the levels of Blue - Correct Ans-- general risk of terrorist attacks
- guarded threat
- review & update emergency responses, provide public with helpful info.
- never use this
what were the levels of Yellow - Correct Ans-- significant risk of terrorist attacks
- elevated threat( see more govt. action)
- increased surveillance of key locations, coordinate emergency responses
what were the levels of organge - Correct Ans-- high level
- close collaboration between federal/ state/ local law enforcement ( and military) a prep
for quick action
- extra caution at public events, consider alternatives
- travel warnings ( delays & restrictions)
- spent a lot of time at this level
what were the levels of red - Correct Ans-- severe level
PSY
,PSY
- emergency personnel dispatched to key locations, monitoring of transportation
readiness to close down public/ govt. facilities
what are the advantages of the HSAS - Correct Ans-- well-intentioned ( warn the
unsuspecting)
- simple to understand
what were the disadvantages of the HSAS - Correct Ans-- yellow to orange -> increased
physiological arousal, anxiety, depression
- mentally ill, disabled, african Americans, latino, Chinese americans, Korean
Americans, non-US citizen all perceived higher risk levels than white, healthy controls
- overstimulated threat-> stronger physiological/ psychosocial reactions -> avoidance
behaviors
- chronic fear & anxiety -> more chronic medicate conditions, cardiac events, more
substance abuse
- lots of negative health outcomes, especially for some population
what is an National Terrorism Advisory System ( NTAS) bulletin - Correct Ans-
communicate gender terrorism-related info
a. not necessarily a direct threat to US, but info that may be helpful to law enforcement,
etc
What is an NTAS alert ? - Correct Ans-- specific, creditable information about a terrorist
threat against the US
- info about threat, targeted geographic region, mode of transportation, infrastructure
potentially affected, etc
- steps for individuals and communities to protect themselves, prevent/ mitigate/
respond to threat
what is the difference between an elevated alert and an imminent alert? - Correct Ans-
elevated alert: credible threat, but only general info. about timing, target, etc.
imminent alert: credible, specific threat info. and believed to be impending
How do fear and anger differ when it comes to risk appraisal? - Correct Ans-fear:
appraisals of uncertainty, situational control ( negative)
anger: appraisals of certainty, individual control ( positive)
What do these different effects on risk appraisal predict about people's counterterrorism
preferences? - Correct Ans-- anger= most dominant emotion
- men more optimistic than women
- anger -> lower risk estimate-> fewer plans for responding to future attacks ( more
support for vengeful deportation policy, less support for conciliatory policy
PSY
, PSY
- fear-> higher risk estimate-＞ more plans for responding to future attacks ( less
support for vengeful deportation policy, more support for conciliatory policy)
- anger triggered optimism, while fear triggered pessimism
How do the psychological effects of perceived threat differ from the psychological
effects of anxiety ?(Huddy et al ( 2005) ) threat - Correct Ans-threat:
- vilify threatening out-group ( threats-> increased authoritarianism -> increased
prejudice and intolerance & ethnocentrism
- support for punitive action against out-group
- increased in-group solidarity
How do the psychological effects of perceived threat differ from the psychological
effects of anxiety ?(Huddy et al ( 2005) ) anxiety - Correct Ans-- impaired cognitive
functioning ( diverted attention)
- higher risk appraisal ( uncertainty, lack of control)
- increased risk aversion ( avoiding risk situation = good anxiety management)
describe the relative levels of perceived threat and anxiety seen among Americans in
the Huddy et al ( 2005) study - Correct Ans-- perceived threat: more support of
government retaliation ( action) take care of out own and go get the bad guy
- anxiety: less support for government retaliation, especially if it might incite further
attacks
How did perceived threat vs. anxiety predict participants' support for military intervention
-> approval of president Bush - Correct Ans-- perceived threat-> increased support for
US military intervention, higher approval of Pres. Bush ( retaliation)
- anxiety -> decreased support for US military intervention & overseas involvement,
lower approval of Pres. Bush ( risk aversion) avoid risky things
How did perceived threat vs. anxiety predict participants' reaction to Arabs and Arab-
Americans? - Correct Ans-- perceive threat -> negative stereotyping of Arabs and Arab-
Americans, more support for immigration & surveillance policies to restrict them (
vilification of threatening out-group & retaliation)
- anxiety -> decreased support for US military intervention & overseas involvement,
lower approval of Pres. Bush ( risk aversion ) avoid risky things
How did perceived threat vs. anxiety predict participants' opinions about domestic
antiterrorism measures? - Correct Ans-- perceived threat-> increased support for
domestic antiterrorism measures ( e.g. surveillance, national ID cards)
- anxiety -> no impact on views of domestic policies
How does proximity to a terror attack influence threat perceptions - Correct Ans--
greater perceived terrorism risk ( e.g. being hurt in attack)
PSY
