ATI Med Surg Final Learning Systems 50 Q & A Exam 2025

1. a nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus. which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first? - ask client to identify the types of foods she prefers 2. caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and a capillary blood glucose reading of 48 mg/dL - diaphoresis 3. caring for a client who is 72 hr postoperative following an above the knee amputation which actions should the nurse take? - assist the client to a prone position every 4 hr. 4. client who has gout and urolithiasis. client asks how to prevent future uric acid stones. - take allopurinol as prescribed - exercise several times a week - limit intake of foods high in purine 5. which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of a basilar skull fracture - clear fluid coming form the nares 6. nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of breast cancer? - a nontender, hard lump that is palpated in one breast 7. nurse is providing discharge teaching about improving gas exchange to a client who has emphysema. which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - use pursed-lip breathing during periods of dyspnea 8. prior to initiating a transfusion of packed red blood cells, which of the following actions should the nurse take - assess and document the clients vital signs - verify with another nurse the blood type and Rh - change IV tubing to a set that has a filter 9. A nurse is preparing to change the bed linens of a client who has AIDS and is incontinent of stool. Which of the following personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse don prior to providing client care? - gown - gloves 10. A nurse is caring for a client who begins having a tonic-clonic seizure while sitting in a chair at the bedside. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - lower the client to the floor 11. A nurse is caring for a client following a hip arthroplasty. The nurse places an abduction pillow on the client for which of the following purposes? - preventing dislocation of the hip during position changes or movement 12. A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has fruity breath odor, dry mouth, and extreme thirst. Which of the following assessments should the nurse make? - blood glucose level 13. A nurse is caring for a client who has a stage III pressure ulcer on the heel. When preparing to irrigate the wound, which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - check the clients pain level 14. A nurse is providing postoperative care for a client who has two chest tubes in place following a lobectomy. The client asks the nurse the reason for having two chest tubes. The nurse should inform the client that the lower chest tube is placed for which of the following reasons? - draining blood and fluid from the pleural space 15. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stomatitis due to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? - "i will use lemon and glycerin swabs after meals" 16. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new permanent pacemaker. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - "I should check my heart rate at the same time each day" 17. A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory report. The client's ABG levels are pH 7.5, PaCO2 32 mm HG, and HCO3- 24 mEq/L. The nurse should determine that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances? - respiratory alkalosis 18. A nurse is preparing to care for a group of clients after receiving change-of-shift report. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first? - a client who has emphysema and reports dyspnea 19. A nurse is obtaining a weekly weight for a client who has obesity and osteoarthritis and is on a weight management program. The nurse determines that the client gained 1.36 kg (3 lb) in the past week. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? - "where there any issues last week that kept you from focusing on your diet?" 20. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent peritoneal dialysis. The nurse observes that the peritoneal fluid is not adequately draining. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - turn the client form side to side 21. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has tuberculosis (TB) and a prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - "you should take this medication on an empty stomach" 22. A nurse is caring for a client who has continuous bladder irrigation following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - viscous urinary output with clots 23. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to an adult female client who has infective endocarditis about how to prevent recurrence. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? - "i will notify my doctor before I have dental procedures" 24. A nurse is providing teaching about antiretroviral medication therapy to a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? - "you should take antiretroviral medications on a routine schedule" 25. A nurse is planning care for a client during a sickle cell crisis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? - encourage increased fluid intake 26. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has cervical cancer and is scheduled to receive brachytherapy in an ambulatory care clinic. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - "I need to lie still in bed during my brachytherapy treatment" 27. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a history of tonic-clonic seizures and is scheduled for a standard electroencephalogram (EEG). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - thoroughly shampoo hair prior to the EEG 28. A nurse is assessing a client who has a fractured left femur and is in skeletal traction. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - chest petechiae