HOSA Pathophysiology Exam 2025
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Abruptio Placentae - ✔✔Premature separation of the placenta from the uterus prior to
or during birth
Acetylcholine - ✔✔Neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system
Achlorhydria - ✔✔A condition in which hydrochloric acid is absent in the stomach
Achondroplasia - ✔✔An autosomal dominant disorder of defective cartilage formation
in the fetus
Achondroplastic dwarfism - ✔✔A condition caused by defectivce cartilage formation
that results in improper bone development
Acidosis - ✔✔The condition in which the production of acid lowers the body's pH
Acne - ✔✔Blackheads, pimples. and pustules that result from hormonal changes that
occur most often during puberty
Acne Rosacea - ✔✔Tiny pimples and broken blood vessels on the cheeks, chin, and noe
of some fair-skinned people
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) - ✔✔The deadly disease caused by HIV
that destroys an individual's immune system, making the victim remarkable susceptible
to infection
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Acrodermatitis Enteropathica - ✔✔A rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in
defective malabsorbtion of zinc
Acromegaly - ✔✔The condition that results if an excessive production of growth
hormone occurs after puberty
Actinic Keratosis - ✔✔Wartlike lesions found on areas of the body that recieve excessive
sun exposure
Activated Lymphocytes - ✔✔White blood cells that have been stimulated by antigens
that include B and T cells
Active Immunity - ✔✔A type of artificial immunity; the person is given a vaccine or
toxoid as the antigen, and he or she forms antibodies to counteract it
Acute - ✔✔A disease that has had a sudden onset and a short duration
Adenocarcinomas - ✔✔Cancerous glandular tumors
Adenohypophysis - ✔✔The anterior and larger portion of the hypophysis; it is
glandular and indirect communication with the hypothalamus of the brain
Adenoma - ✔✔A benign tumor of glandular tissue that often develops in the breast,
thyroid, gland, or mucous glands of the intestinal tract
Adhesions - ✔✔Connective tissue fibers that anchor adjacent structures together; a
kink-ing of the intestines
Adipose - ✔✔Fat tissue
Adrenal virilism - ✔✔Expression of secondary male sexual characteristics in females
caused by a testosterone-secreting adrenal gland neoplasm
Adrenalin - ✔✔A hormone of the sympathetic nercous system; the most vital therapy in
treatment of allergy and can be self-injected in an emergency
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Adrenocorticotropic HOrmone (ACTH) - ✔✔The tropic that affects the adrenal cortex
Adult (or Acute) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) - ✔✔Characterized by the
devlopment of sudden breathlessness within hours to days of an inciting event such as
trauma, sepsis (microorganisms growing in a person's blood), or drug overdose
Affect - ✔✔Emotional state or feeling tone used to describe ones emotional expression
Agglutinate - ✔✔Clumping or aggregation, as occurs in some antibody-antigen
reactions
Albinism - ✔✔An autosomal recessive disorder in which no melanin is formed, causing
a person to have white hair, pale skin, and pink eyes
Albuminuria - ✔✔The presence of the plasma protein albumin in urine
Aldosterone - ✔✔The principle hormone from the adrenal cortex that causes sodium
retention and potassium secretion by the kidneys
Alleles - ✔✔Alternative forms of a gene
Allergens - ✔✔Agents that intiate an allergic response
Allergy - ✔✔Abnormal immunologic response to allergens such as pollen, dust, dog
hair, and certain food/drugs
Alpha cells - ✔✔Glucagon secreting cells of the endocrine pancreas
Alpha-feto-protein - ✔✔Fetal protein found in maternal blood, and sometimes detected
in adults with various cancers
Alveoli - ✔✔Small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
Alzheimer's Disease - ✔✔A common form of dementia unique to humans usually over
the age of 65
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Abruptio Placentae - ✔✔Premature separation of the placenta from the uterus prior to
or during birth
Acetylcholine - ✔✔Neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system
Achlorhydria - ✔✔A condition in which hydrochloric acid is absent in the stomach
Achondroplasia - ✔✔An autosomal dominant disorder of defective cartilage formation
in the fetus
Achondroplastic dwarfism - ✔✔A condition caused by defectivce cartilage formation
that results in improper bone development
Acidosis - ✔✔The condition in which the production of acid lowers the body's pH
Acne - ✔✔Blackheads, pimples. and pustules that result from hormonal changes that
occur most often during puberty
Acne Rosacea - ✔✔Tiny pimples and broken blood vessels on the cheeks, chin, and noe
of some fair-skinned people
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) - ✔✔The deadly disease caused by HIV
that destroys an individual's immune system, making the victim remarkable susceptible
to infection
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Acrodermatitis Enteropathica - ✔✔A rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in
defective malabsorbtion of zinc
Acromegaly - ✔✔The condition that results if an excessive production of growth
hormone occurs after puberty
Actinic Keratosis - ✔✔Wartlike lesions found on areas of the body that recieve excessive
sun exposure
Activated Lymphocytes - ✔✔White blood cells that have been stimulated by antigens
that include B and T cells
Active Immunity - ✔✔A type of artificial immunity; the person is given a vaccine or
toxoid as the antigen, and he or she forms antibodies to counteract it
Acute - ✔✔A disease that has had a sudden onset and a short duration
Adenocarcinomas - ✔✔Cancerous glandular tumors
Adenohypophysis - ✔✔The anterior and larger portion of the hypophysis; it is
glandular and indirect communication with the hypothalamus of the brain
Adenoma - ✔✔A benign tumor of glandular tissue that often develops in the breast,
thyroid, gland, or mucous glands of the intestinal tract
Adhesions - ✔✔Connective tissue fibers that anchor adjacent structures together; a
kink-ing of the intestines
Adipose - ✔✔Fat tissue
Adrenal virilism - ✔✔Expression of secondary male sexual characteristics in females
caused by a testosterone-secreting adrenal gland neoplasm
Adrenalin - ✔✔A hormone of the sympathetic nercous system; the most vital therapy in
treatment of allergy and can be self-injected in an emergency
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Adrenocorticotropic HOrmone (ACTH) - ✔✔The tropic that affects the adrenal cortex
Adult (or Acute) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) - ✔✔Characterized by the
devlopment of sudden breathlessness within hours to days of an inciting event such as
trauma, sepsis (microorganisms growing in a person's blood), or drug overdose
Affect - ✔✔Emotional state or feeling tone used to describe ones emotional expression
Agglutinate - ✔✔Clumping or aggregation, as occurs in some antibody-antigen
reactions
Albinism - ✔✔An autosomal recessive disorder in which no melanin is formed, causing
a person to have white hair, pale skin, and pink eyes
Albuminuria - ✔✔The presence of the plasma protein albumin in urine
Aldosterone - ✔✔The principle hormone from the adrenal cortex that causes sodium
retention and potassium secretion by the kidneys
Alleles - ✔✔Alternative forms of a gene
Allergens - ✔✔Agents that intiate an allergic response
Allergy - ✔✔Abnormal immunologic response to allergens such as pollen, dust, dog
hair, and certain food/drugs
Alpha cells - ✔✔Glucagon secreting cells of the endocrine pancreas
Alpha-feto-protein - ✔✔Fetal protein found in maternal blood, and sometimes detected
in adults with various cancers
Alveoli - ✔✔Small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
Alzheimer's Disease - ✔✔A common form of dementia unique to humans usually over
the age of 65
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
