HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A seventy three-year-old woman purchaser had a hemiarthroplasty of the left hip the day
before today because of a fracture as a consequence of a fall. In reviewing hip
precautions with the client, which guidance ought to the nurse encompass in this
patron's coaching plan?
A. "In 8 weeks you'll be capable of bend at the waist to reach objects on the floor."
B. "Place a pillow among your knees even as lying in bed to save you hip dislocation."
C. "It is safe to apply a walker to get out of bed, however you need help whilst on foot."
D. "Take pain medicine half-hour after your physical remedy classes." - ANSWER-B.
"Place a pillow between your knees even as lying in bed to save you hip
dislocation."
(The customer's affected hip joint following a hemiarthroplasty (partial hip
substitute) is susceptible to dislocation for 6 months to a 12 months following the
method. Hip precautions to prevent dislocation encompass placing a pillow
among the knees to hold abduction of the hips (B). Clients must be instructed to
keep away from bending on the waist (A), to are searching for help for each
standing and strolling until they may be strong on a walker or cane (C), and to
take pain medicinal drug 20 to half-hour previous to physical therapy sessions, as
opposed to ready till the pain level is excessive after their remedy.)
2. A patron is in the radiology branch at 0900 while the prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin)
500 mg IV q24h is scheduled to be administered. The customer returns to the unit at
1300. What is the first-rate intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare issuer and complete a medicine variance shape.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule inside the morning.
C. Notify the fee nurse and complete an incident record to provide an explanation for the
ignored dose.
D. Give the ignored dose at 1300 and exchange the schedule to administer day by day
at 1300. - ANSWER-D. Give the ignored dose at 1300 and change the time table to
manage every day at 1300.
(To make sure that a healing level of medicine is maintained, the nurse should
administer dose as soon as possible, and revise the management agenda
therefore to save you dangerously increasing the extent of medicine within the
bloodstream (D). The nurse need to file the purpose for the overdue dose,
however (A and C) are not warranted. (B) could bring about improved blood
degrees of the drug.)
3. A customer is receiving a cephalosporin antibiotic IV and complains of pain and irritation
at the infusion website. The nurse observes erythema, swelling, and a red streak along
the vessel above the IV get admission to web site. Which action have to the nurse take
presently?
, A. Administer the drugs extra unexpectedly the usage of the same IV web site.
B. Initiate an alternate site for the IV infusion of the medication.
C. Notify the HCP before administering the following dose.
D. Give the consumer a PRN dose of aspirin even as the medicine infuses. -
ANSWER-B. Initiate an change website online for the IV infusion of the medication.
(A cephalosporin antibiotic this is administered IV might also cause vessel
inflammation. Rotating the infusion web page minimizes the danger of
thrombophlebitis, so an change infusion website have to be initiated (B) earlier
than administering the next dose. Rapid management (A) of intravenous
cephalosporins can potentiate vessel infection and increase the threat of
thrombophlebitis. (C) is not vital to provoke an change IV website online. Although
aspirin has antiinflammatory moves, (D) isn't indicated.)
4. A consumer is to receive 10 mEq of KCl diluted in 250 mL of ordinary saline over 4
hours. At what fee must the nurse set the purchaser's intravenous infusion pump? -
ANSWER-63 mL/hr
5. A patron who has been NPO for 3 days is receiving an infusion of D5W 0.45 ordinary
saline (NS) with potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq at eighty three mL/hour. The
customer's eight-hour urine output is four hundred mL, BUN is 15 mg/dL, and the serum
potassium is three.7 mEq/L. Which movement is most vital for the nurse to put in force?
A. Notify HCP and request to change the IV infusion to hypertonic D10W
B. Decrease in the infusion charge of the contemporary IV and report to the HCP
C. Document inside the clinical record that these normal findings are predicted outcomes
D. Obtain potassium chloride 20 mEq in anticipation of prescription to to offer IV -
ANSWER-C. Document inside the medical record that those everyday findings are
expected results..
6. A customer who is 5 '5" tall and weighs two hundred kilos is scheduled for surgical
procedure the next day. What query is most important for the nurse to include during the
preoperative assessment?
A. What is your day by day calorie intake?
B. What diet and mineral supplements do you are taking?"
C. "Do you experience that you are overweight?"
D. "Will a clear liquid weight loss plan be okay after surgical operation?" - ANSWER-B.
"What vitamin and mineral supplements do you're taking?"
(Vitamin and mineral supplements (B) can also impact medications used for the
duration of the operative period. (A and C) are suitable questions for lengthy-time
period nutritional counseling. The nature of the surgical operation and anesthesia
will decide the want for a clear liquid diet (D), as opposed to the client's
preference.)
7. A consumer who is a Jehovah's Witness is admitted to the nursing unit. Which problem
must the nurse have for making plans care in terms of the client's ideals?
A. Autopsy of the frame is prohibited.
B. Blood transfusions are forbidden.
C. Alcohol use in any form isn't allowed.
, D. A vegetarian food plan should be accompanied. - ANSWER-B. Blood transfusions
are forbidden.
8. A consumer who is in hospice care complains of growing amounts of ache. The
healthcare issuer prescribes an analgesic each 4 hours as wished. Which movement
should the nurse enforce?
A. Give an around-the-clock agenda for management of analgesics.
B. Administer analgesic medicinal drug as wanted while the ache is intense.
C. Provide remedy to keep the customer sedated and blind to stimuli.
D. Offer a medication-free period so that the consumer can do daily sports. -
ANSWER-A. Give an around-the-clock schedule for administration of analgesics.
(The only control of ache is done the usage of an round-the-clock schedule that
provides analgesic medicinal drugs on a normal foundation (A) and in a well timed
manner. Analgesics are less powerful if pain persists until it is intense, so an
analgesic remedy have to be administered earlier than the customer's ache peaks
(B). Providing consolation is a concern for the client who is loss of life, but
sedation that impairs the patron's capacity to have interaction and enjoy the time
before lifestyles ends have to be minimized (C). Offering a remedy-loose length
permits the serum drug degree to fall, which isn't an powerful approach to manage
persistent pain.)
9. A patron with acute hemorrhagic anemia is to acquire four gadgets of packed RBCs as
swiftly as feasible. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to enforce?
A. Obtain the pre-transfusion hemoglobin stage.
B. Prime the tubing and put together a blood pump set-up
C. Monitor vital signs and symptoms q 15 min for the first hour.
D. Ensure the accuracy of the blood type in shape. - ANSWER-D. Ensure the accuracy
of the blood kind in shape.
(ALL interventions must be implemented prior to administering blood, but (D) has
the very best priority. Any time blood is run the nurse have to ensure the accuracy
of the blood type in shape for you to save you a possible hemolytic reaction.)
10.A purchaser with persistent kidney disease (CKD) selects a scrambled egg for his
breakfast. What motion need to the nurse take?
A. Commend the patron for selecting a excessive biologic fee protein.
B. Remind the patron that protein in the weight-reduction plan have to be avoided.
C. Suggest that the client also pick out orange juice, to promote absorption.
D. Encourage the client to attend classes on nutritional management of CKD. -
ANSWER-A. Commend the patron for selecting a high biologic price protein.
(Foods which include eggs and milk (A) are high biologic proteins that are allowed
due to the fact they may be complete proteins and supply the crucial amino acids
which might be vital for boom and cell restore. Orange juice is wealthy in
potassium and have to not be advocated. The customer has made an excellent
weight loss plan choice so (D) isn't always vital.)
11.A consumer with pneumonia has a lower in oxygen saturation from 94% to 88% even as
ambulating. Based on these findings, which intervention should the nurse implement
first?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A seventy three-year-old woman purchaser had a hemiarthroplasty of the left hip the day
before today because of a fracture as a consequence of a fall. In reviewing hip
precautions with the client, which guidance ought to the nurse encompass in this
patron's coaching plan?
A. "In 8 weeks you'll be capable of bend at the waist to reach objects on the floor."
B. "Place a pillow among your knees even as lying in bed to save you hip dislocation."
C. "It is safe to apply a walker to get out of bed, however you need help whilst on foot."
D. "Take pain medicine half-hour after your physical remedy classes." - ANSWER-B.
"Place a pillow between your knees even as lying in bed to save you hip
dislocation."
(The customer's affected hip joint following a hemiarthroplasty (partial hip
substitute) is susceptible to dislocation for 6 months to a 12 months following the
method. Hip precautions to prevent dislocation encompass placing a pillow
among the knees to hold abduction of the hips (B). Clients must be instructed to
keep away from bending on the waist (A), to are searching for help for each
standing and strolling until they may be strong on a walker or cane (C), and to
take pain medicinal drug 20 to half-hour previous to physical therapy sessions, as
opposed to ready till the pain level is excessive after their remedy.)
2. A patron is in the radiology branch at 0900 while the prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin)
500 mg IV q24h is scheduled to be administered. The customer returns to the unit at
1300. What is the first-rate intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare issuer and complete a medicine variance shape.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule inside the morning.
C. Notify the fee nurse and complete an incident record to provide an explanation for the
ignored dose.
D. Give the ignored dose at 1300 and exchange the schedule to administer day by day
at 1300. - ANSWER-D. Give the ignored dose at 1300 and change the time table to
manage every day at 1300.
(To make sure that a healing level of medicine is maintained, the nurse should
administer dose as soon as possible, and revise the management agenda
therefore to save you dangerously increasing the extent of medicine within the
bloodstream (D). The nurse need to file the purpose for the overdue dose,
however (A and C) are not warranted. (B) could bring about improved blood
degrees of the drug.)
3. A customer is receiving a cephalosporin antibiotic IV and complains of pain and irritation
at the infusion website. The nurse observes erythema, swelling, and a red streak along
the vessel above the IV get admission to web site. Which action have to the nurse take
presently?
, A. Administer the drugs extra unexpectedly the usage of the same IV web site.
B. Initiate an alternate site for the IV infusion of the medication.
C. Notify the HCP before administering the following dose.
D. Give the consumer a PRN dose of aspirin even as the medicine infuses. -
ANSWER-B. Initiate an change website online for the IV infusion of the medication.
(A cephalosporin antibiotic this is administered IV might also cause vessel
inflammation. Rotating the infusion web page minimizes the danger of
thrombophlebitis, so an change infusion website have to be initiated (B) earlier
than administering the next dose. Rapid management (A) of intravenous
cephalosporins can potentiate vessel infection and increase the threat of
thrombophlebitis. (C) is not vital to provoke an change IV website online. Although
aspirin has antiinflammatory moves, (D) isn't indicated.)
4. A consumer is to receive 10 mEq of KCl diluted in 250 mL of ordinary saline over 4
hours. At what fee must the nurse set the purchaser's intravenous infusion pump? -
ANSWER-63 mL/hr
5. A patron who has been NPO for 3 days is receiving an infusion of D5W 0.45 ordinary
saline (NS) with potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq at eighty three mL/hour. The
customer's eight-hour urine output is four hundred mL, BUN is 15 mg/dL, and the serum
potassium is three.7 mEq/L. Which movement is most vital for the nurse to put in force?
A. Notify HCP and request to change the IV infusion to hypertonic D10W
B. Decrease in the infusion charge of the contemporary IV and report to the HCP
C. Document inside the clinical record that these normal findings are predicted outcomes
D. Obtain potassium chloride 20 mEq in anticipation of prescription to to offer IV -
ANSWER-C. Document inside the medical record that those everyday findings are
expected results..
6. A customer who is 5 '5" tall and weighs two hundred kilos is scheduled for surgical
procedure the next day. What query is most important for the nurse to include during the
preoperative assessment?
A. What is your day by day calorie intake?
B. What diet and mineral supplements do you are taking?"
C. "Do you experience that you are overweight?"
D. "Will a clear liquid weight loss plan be okay after surgical operation?" - ANSWER-B.
"What vitamin and mineral supplements do you're taking?"
(Vitamin and mineral supplements (B) can also impact medications used for the
duration of the operative period. (A and C) are suitable questions for lengthy-time
period nutritional counseling. The nature of the surgical operation and anesthesia
will decide the want for a clear liquid diet (D), as opposed to the client's
preference.)
7. A consumer who is a Jehovah's Witness is admitted to the nursing unit. Which problem
must the nurse have for making plans care in terms of the client's ideals?
A. Autopsy of the frame is prohibited.
B. Blood transfusions are forbidden.
C. Alcohol use in any form isn't allowed.
, D. A vegetarian food plan should be accompanied. - ANSWER-B. Blood transfusions
are forbidden.
8. A consumer who is in hospice care complains of growing amounts of ache. The
healthcare issuer prescribes an analgesic each 4 hours as wished. Which movement
should the nurse enforce?
A. Give an around-the-clock agenda for management of analgesics.
B. Administer analgesic medicinal drug as wanted while the ache is intense.
C. Provide remedy to keep the customer sedated and blind to stimuli.
D. Offer a medication-free period so that the consumer can do daily sports. -
ANSWER-A. Give an around-the-clock schedule for administration of analgesics.
(The only control of ache is done the usage of an round-the-clock schedule that
provides analgesic medicinal drugs on a normal foundation (A) and in a well timed
manner. Analgesics are less powerful if pain persists until it is intense, so an
analgesic remedy have to be administered earlier than the customer's ache peaks
(B). Providing consolation is a concern for the client who is loss of life, but
sedation that impairs the patron's capacity to have interaction and enjoy the time
before lifestyles ends have to be minimized (C). Offering a remedy-loose length
permits the serum drug degree to fall, which isn't an powerful approach to manage
persistent pain.)
9. A patron with acute hemorrhagic anemia is to acquire four gadgets of packed RBCs as
swiftly as feasible. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to enforce?
A. Obtain the pre-transfusion hemoglobin stage.
B. Prime the tubing and put together a blood pump set-up
C. Monitor vital signs and symptoms q 15 min for the first hour.
D. Ensure the accuracy of the blood type in shape. - ANSWER-D. Ensure the accuracy
of the blood kind in shape.
(ALL interventions must be implemented prior to administering blood, but (D) has
the very best priority. Any time blood is run the nurse have to ensure the accuracy
of the blood type in shape for you to save you a possible hemolytic reaction.)
10.A purchaser with persistent kidney disease (CKD) selects a scrambled egg for his
breakfast. What motion need to the nurse take?
A. Commend the patron for selecting a excessive biologic fee protein.
B. Remind the patron that protein in the weight-reduction plan have to be avoided.
C. Suggest that the client also pick out orange juice, to promote absorption.
D. Encourage the client to attend classes on nutritional management of CKD. -
ANSWER-A. Commend the patron for selecting a high biologic price protein.
(Foods which include eggs and milk (A) are high biologic proteins that are allowed
due to the fact they may be complete proteins and supply the crucial amino acids
which might be vital for boom and cell restore. Orange juice is wealthy in
potassium and have to not be advocated. The customer has made an excellent
weight loss plan choice so (D) isn't always vital.)
11.A consumer with pneumonia has a lower in oxygen saturation from 94% to 88% even as
ambulating. Based on these findings, which intervention should the nurse implement
first?
