ANAT 214 MIDTERM STUDY MATERIAL
Frontal plane (coronal plane) - ANSWER Divides the body into front and back
portions.
Sagittal plane - ANSWER divides body into left and right
Transverse plane (horizontal plane) - ANSWER divides the body into upper
and lower portions
Songitudinal axis - ANSWER along height of body (Sagittal and coronal
planes)
Sagittal axis - ANSWER from front to back (Sagittal and Transverse planes)
Transverse axis - ANSWER From side to side (coronal and Transverse planes)
Jugular Notch - ANSWER Sup. border of the manubrium
Sternal angle - ANSWER junction of manubrium & sternum
Subcostal plane - ANSWER lowest level of thoracic cage
Intertubercular plane - ANSWER connects the iliac tubercles
Pubic symphysis - ANSWER midline cartilaginous joint of pubic bones
what lines make up the abdominal regions? - ANSWER subcostal &
intertubercular planes (horizontal). Midclavicular planes (vertical)
what are the abdominal regions from top to bottom - ANSWER Right and Left
Hypochondriac
Epigastric
,Right and Left Flank
Umbilical
Right and Left Inguinal
Pubic
What is the role of the skull? - ANSWER - Encloses and protects the brain
- Provides bony framework for soft tissues of the head & neck
- Contains orbits, nasal & oral, cranial cavities
What are the two main parts of the skull? - ANSWER Neurocranium (brain
case, houses and protects the brain) & Viscerocranium (facial skeleton, makes
up the face)
What bones make up the Viserocranium? (14 total, 8 types) - ANSWER -
Mandibule: lower jaw
- (2) Maxillary: form the upper jaw, floor of orbit , part of nose & palate
- (2) Zygomatic: forms the cheek, lateral wall of the orbit
- (2) Nasal: form the bridge of the nose
- (2) Lacrimal: Form the nasolacrimal canal, medial wall of the orbit
- (2) Palatine: Forms medial walls of orbit, nasal septum & lateral nasal walls
- Vomer: forms part of the nsal septum
- (2) Inferior Concha: Form the lowest of the 3 paired conchae and is scroll-like
What bones make up the Neurocranium? (8 total, 6 types) - ANSWER -
Frontal: forms the forehead & superior rim of the orbit
- (2) Parietal: Forms the superolateral part of calvaria
- (2) Temporal: Squamous part forms the lateral skull & petrous part encloses
middle & inner ear
- Occipital: Forms back and lower part of the skull
- Sphenoid: forms the posterior part of the orbit, located between temporal and
frontal bones
- Ethmoid: forms medial walls of orbit and nasal septum and lateral nasal walls
Coronal suture - ANSWER connection between frontal and parietal bones
Bregma - ANSWER junction of coronal and sagittal sutures
, supraorbital notch - ANSWER knick in frontal bone along supraorbital ridge
that is an important foramen
What bones is the Frontal articulate with? - ANSWER Parietal (coronal suture),
Spehnoid (sphenofrontal suture), Ethmoid & Viscerocranium (nasal, maxillary,
zygomatic & lacrimal)
Saggittal suture - ANSWER connects parietal bones
Parietal foramina - ANSWER towards posterior skull, for emissary veins
what other bones is the Parietal articulate with? - ANSWER Sphenoid
(sphenoparietal suture), Temporal (squamous suture) & Occipital (lambdoid
suture)
Mastoid process - ANSWER Posterior and inferior prominence, muscles origin
Zygomatic process: - ANSWER forms zygomatic arch (cheek bone)
Styloid process - ANSWER pointy structure below acoustic meatus
External acoustic meatus - ANSWER inside pinna
Carotid canal - ANSWER where carotid artery enters more lateral, 90 degrees,
through petrous part & exits more medial
Internal acoustic meatus - ANSWER inside petrous part
Stylomastoid foramen - ANSWER between the mastoid and styloid processes
What bones is the Temporal articulate with? - ANSWER Parietal (squamous
suture), Sphenoid (sphenosquamous suture) & Occipital (occipitomastoid
suture)
Inion - ANSWER most prominent point at back of skull
Superior nuchal line - ANSWER both side of inion, site of muscle origin
Frontal plane (coronal plane) - ANSWER Divides the body into front and back
portions.
Sagittal plane - ANSWER divides body into left and right
Transverse plane (horizontal plane) - ANSWER divides the body into upper
and lower portions
Songitudinal axis - ANSWER along height of body (Sagittal and coronal
planes)
Sagittal axis - ANSWER from front to back (Sagittal and Transverse planes)
Transverse axis - ANSWER From side to side (coronal and Transverse planes)
Jugular Notch - ANSWER Sup. border of the manubrium
Sternal angle - ANSWER junction of manubrium & sternum
Subcostal plane - ANSWER lowest level of thoracic cage
Intertubercular plane - ANSWER connects the iliac tubercles
Pubic symphysis - ANSWER midline cartilaginous joint of pubic bones
what lines make up the abdominal regions? - ANSWER subcostal &
intertubercular planes (horizontal). Midclavicular planes (vertical)
what are the abdominal regions from top to bottom - ANSWER Right and Left
Hypochondriac
Epigastric
,Right and Left Flank
Umbilical
Right and Left Inguinal
Pubic
What is the role of the skull? - ANSWER - Encloses and protects the brain
- Provides bony framework for soft tissues of the head & neck
- Contains orbits, nasal & oral, cranial cavities
What are the two main parts of the skull? - ANSWER Neurocranium (brain
case, houses and protects the brain) & Viscerocranium (facial skeleton, makes
up the face)
What bones make up the Viserocranium? (14 total, 8 types) - ANSWER -
Mandibule: lower jaw
- (2) Maxillary: form the upper jaw, floor of orbit , part of nose & palate
- (2) Zygomatic: forms the cheek, lateral wall of the orbit
- (2) Nasal: form the bridge of the nose
- (2) Lacrimal: Form the nasolacrimal canal, medial wall of the orbit
- (2) Palatine: Forms medial walls of orbit, nasal septum & lateral nasal walls
- Vomer: forms part of the nsal septum
- (2) Inferior Concha: Form the lowest of the 3 paired conchae and is scroll-like
What bones make up the Neurocranium? (8 total, 6 types) - ANSWER -
Frontal: forms the forehead & superior rim of the orbit
- (2) Parietal: Forms the superolateral part of calvaria
- (2) Temporal: Squamous part forms the lateral skull & petrous part encloses
middle & inner ear
- Occipital: Forms back and lower part of the skull
- Sphenoid: forms the posterior part of the orbit, located between temporal and
frontal bones
- Ethmoid: forms medial walls of orbit and nasal septum and lateral nasal walls
Coronal suture - ANSWER connection between frontal and parietal bones
Bregma - ANSWER junction of coronal and sagittal sutures
, supraorbital notch - ANSWER knick in frontal bone along supraorbital ridge
that is an important foramen
What bones is the Frontal articulate with? - ANSWER Parietal (coronal suture),
Spehnoid (sphenofrontal suture), Ethmoid & Viscerocranium (nasal, maxillary,
zygomatic & lacrimal)
Saggittal suture - ANSWER connects parietal bones
Parietal foramina - ANSWER towards posterior skull, for emissary veins
what other bones is the Parietal articulate with? - ANSWER Sphenoid
(sphenoparietal suture), Temporal (squamous suture) & Occipital (lambdoid
suture)
Mastoid process - ANSWER Posterior and inferior prominence, muscles origin
Zygomatic process: - ANSWER forms zygomatic arch (cheek bone)
Styloid process - ANSWER pointy structure below acoustic meatus
External acoustic meatus - ANSWER inside pinna
Carotid canal - ANSWER where carotid artery enters more lateral, 90 degrees,
through petrous part & exits more medial
Internal acoustic meatus - ANSWER inside petrous part
Stylomastoid foramen - ANSWER between the mastoid and styloid processes
What bones is the Temporal articulate with? - ANSWER Parietal (squamous
suture), Sphenoid (sphenosquamous suture) & Occipital (occipitomastoid
suture)
Inion - ANSWER most prominent point at back of skull
Superior nuchal line - ANSWER both side of inion, site of muscle origin
