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Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3 (241 questions) with precise answers

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Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3 (241 questions) with precise answers











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Uploaded on
April 24, 2025
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Written in
2024/2025
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Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3 (241
questions with precise answers

Sarcolemma - correct answer ✔muscle plasma membrane |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Sarcoplasm - correct answer ✔cytoplasm of a muscle cell
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Muscle cells respond to neural, stretch, or other signals by changing their _______. - correct
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




answer ✔sarcolemma electrical potential (voltage)
|||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




The electrical potential change is coupled to intracellular changes that result in ______. -
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




correct answer ✔force generation (contraction)
|||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Contractility - correct answer ✔active shortening of muscle cell and generation of tension
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




(force)


Extensibility - correct answer ✔passive stretching of muscle cells
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Elasticity - correct answer ✔return of muscle cells to original resting length after being
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




stretched


Which muscle tissue(s) has cells w/ obvious stripes called striations - correct answer
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




✔skeletal, cardiac ||||||




Which muscle tissue is voluntary and which is involuntary? - correct answer ✔voluntary-
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




skeletal......involuntary-cardiac,smooth

,What muscle tissue contracts rapidly but tires easily? - correct answer ✔skeletal
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Cardiac muscle contracts at a rate set by the heart's ________. - correct answer
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




✔pacemaker


Which muscle tissue is primarily found in the walls of hollow visceral organs? - correct
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




answer ✔smooth ||||||




Which muscle tissue forces food and other substances through internal body cavities? -
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




correct answer ✔smooth |||||| ||||||




What are the three connective tissue sheaths? - correct answer ✔endomysium, perimysium,
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




epimysium
||||||




What is a fine sheath of connective tissue composed of reticular fibers surrounding each
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




muscle fiber? - correct answer ✔endomysium
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




What is fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles? -
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




correct answer ✔perimysium |||||| ||||||




What is an overcoat of dense regular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle? -
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




correct answer ✔epimysium |||||| ||||||




each muscle is served by ________. - correct answer ✔one nerve(bundle of nerve fibers), an
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




atery, and one or more veins
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




when muscles contract... - correct answer ✔the movable bone (insertion) moves toward the
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




immovable bone (origin)
|||||| |||||| ||||||

, How does a muscle attach to a bone directly? - correct answer ✔epimysium of the muscle is
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




fused to the periosteum of a bone (less common)
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




How does a muscle attach to a bone indirectly? - correct answer ✔connective tissue
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wrappings extend beyond the muscle as a tendon or aponeurosis that attaches to a bone |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




(more common) ||||||




What is a single muscle cell called? - correct answer ✔a myocyte or muscle fiber
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Myocyte size - correct answer ✔10 to 100 micrometers in diamter and many 10s of cm long
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Each mature myocyte is created by fusion of multiple precursor cells called _________. -
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




correct answer ✔myoblasts |||||| ||||||




Sarcoplasm has numerous ________ and an oxygen-binding protein called _________. - |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




correct answer ✔glycosomes, myoglobin |||||| |||||| ||||||




Myocytes contain the usual organelles, as well as.... - correct answer ✔myofibrils,
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




sarcoplasmic reticulum, T-tubules |||||| ||||||




Densly packed rodlike contractile elements are called ________. - correct answer
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




✔myofibrils


What is the smallest contractile unit of a muscle called? - correct answer ✔a sarcomere
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




What is the region of a myofibril b/w two succesive Z-discs? - correct answer ✔a sarcomere
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




What is a sarcomere composed of? - correct answer ✔thick and thin myofilaments made up
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




of contractile proteins
|||||| |||||| ||||||

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