BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Which of the following solutions has the least(lowest) concentration of hydrogen ions
[H+]?
A) gastric juice at pH 2
B) vinegar at pH 3
C) tomato juice at pH 4
D) black coffee at pH 5
E) household oven cleaner at pH 12 - ANSWER-E) household oven cleaner at pH 12
What is a phospholipid?
A) a protein with tertiary structure
B) a lipid made with two fatty acids, glycerol, and phosphate head group.
C) a lipid that makes up much of the cytosol
D) a molecule formed from three alcohols by dehydration reactions
E) a carbohydrate with three sugars joined together by glycosidic linkages -
ANSWER-B) a lipid made with two fatty acids, glycerol, and phosphate head group
9) Proteins that function as biological catalysts are
A) feedback activators.
B) feedback inhibitors.
C) enzymes.
D) metabolites.
E) nutrients. - ANSWER-C) enzymes
10) The quaternary structure of a protein is
A) not necessary for biological activity.
B) the order in which amino acids are joined in a polypeptide chain.
C) the unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide.
D) the organization of a polypeptide chain into an α helix or β pleated sheet.
E) the overall protein structure resulting from the association of two or more
polypeptide subunits with an inorganic cofactor - ANSWER-E) the overall protein
structure resulting from the association of two or more polypeptide subunits with an
inorganic cofactor
11) Which of the following is a correct monomer/polymer pairing?
A) Monosaccharide/triglyceride
B) Amino acid/protein
C) Triglyceride/cellulose
D) Nucleotide/polysaccharide
E) Monosaccharide/protein - ANSWER-B) Amino acid/protein
12) Which of the following functional groups is frequently transferred from one
molecule to another and is considered the "energy currency" of living cells?
, A) carboxyl
B) amino.
C) hydroxyl.
D) phosphate.
E) ketone. - ANSWER-D) phosphate
13) If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage
of guanine?
A) 10
B) 20
C) 40
D) 80
E) impossible to tell from the information given - ANSWER-C) 40
14) Which of the following is NOT found in DNA?
A) Guanine
B) Cytosine
C) Adenine
D) Deoxyribose
E) Ribose - ANSWER-E) Ribose
15) The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can
logically assume all of the following EXCEPT
A) a gene from an organism could theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
B) all organisms have ancestors in common.
C) DNA must have been the first genetic material.
D) the same codons in different organisms usually translate into the same amino
acids.
E) different organisms have the same (or analogous) 20 types of amino acids. -
ANSWER-C) DNA must have been the first genetic material
16) From the diagram above, if end product E allosterically inhibits enzyme 2, a
buildup of E in the cell will result in?
A) reduced production of G.
B) reduced production of E.
C) increased production of C.
D) answers A and B are both correct.
E) all of the above are correct. - ANSWER-D) Answers A and B are both correct
17) The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by
A) substrate-level phosphorylation.
B) electron transport.
C) photophosphorylation.
D) chemiosmosis.
E) oxidation of NADH to NAD+. - ANSWER-A) substrate-level phosphorylation
18) Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large
molecules into smaller ones?
A) phosphorylation
B) metabolism
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Which of the following solutions has the least(lowest) concentration of hydrogen ions
[H+]?
A) gastric juice at pH 2
B) vinegar at pH 3
C) tomato juice at pH 4
D) black coffee at pH 5
E) household oven cleaner at pH 12 - ANSWER-E) household oven cleaner at pH 12
What is a phospholipid?
A) a protein with tertiary structure
B) a lipid made with two fatty acids, glycerol, and phosphate head group.
C) a lipid that makes up much of the cytosol
D) a molecule formed from three alcohols by dehydration reactions
E) a carbohydrate with three sugars joined together by glycosidic linkages -
ANSWER-B) a lipid made with two fatty acids, glycerol, and phosphate head group
9) Proteins that function as biological catalysts are
A) feedback activators.
B) feedback inhibitors.
C) enzymes.
D) metabolites.
E) nutrients. - ANSWER-C) enzymes
10) The quaternary structure of a protein is
A) not necessary for biological activity.
B) the order in which amino acids are joined in a polypeptide chain.
C) the unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide.
D) the organization of a polypeptide chain into an α helix or β pleated sheet.
E) the overall protein structure resulting from the association of two or more
polypeptide subunits with an inorganic cofactor - ANSWER-E) the overall protein
structure resulting from the association of two or more polypeptide subunits with an
inorganic cofactor
11) Which of the following is a correct monomer/polymer pairing?
A) Monosaccharide/triglyceride
B) Amino acid/protein
C) Triglyceride/cellulose
D) Nucleotide/polysaccharide
E) Monosaccharide/protein - ANSWER-B) Amino acid/protein
12) Which of the following functional groups is frequently transferred from one
molecule to another and is considered the "energy currency" of living cells?
, A) carboxyl
B) amino.
C) hydroxyl.
D) phosphate.
E) ketone. - ANSWER-D) phosphate
13) If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage
of guanine?
A) 10
B) 20
C) 40
D) 80
E) impossible to tell from the information given - ANSWER-C) 40
14) Which of the following is NOT found in DNA?
A) Guanine
B) Cytosine
C) Adenine
D) Deoxyribose
E) Ribose - ANSWER-E) Ribose
15) The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can
logically assume all of the following EXCEPT
A) a gene from an organism could theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
B) all organisms have ancestors in common.
C) DNA must have been the first genetic material.
D) the same codons in different organisms usually translate into the same amino
acids.
E) different organisms have the same (or analogous) 20 types of amino acids. -
ANSWER-C) DNA must have been the first genetic material
16) From the diagram above, if end product E allosterically inhibits enzyme 2, a
buildup of E in the cell will result in?
A) reduced production of G.
B) reduced production of E.
C) increased production of C.
D) answers A and B are both correct.
E) all of the above are correct. - ANSWER-D) Answers A and B are both correct
17) The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by
A) substrate-level phosphorylation.
B) electron transport.
C) photophosphorylation.
D) chemiosmosis.
E) oxidation of NADH to NAD+. - ANSWER-A) substrate-level phosphorylation
18) Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large
molecules into smaller ones?
A) phosphorylation
B) metabolism
