FCCN level 1 Exam - Questions With Well
Explained Solutions
Minimum urine output for adult Correct Ans - 0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) Correct Ans - - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway Correct Ans - - hypothalamus senses low blood
volumed and increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum
osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) Correct Ans - - cardiac
hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing
intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure Correct Ans - - forces fluids and solutes
through the capillary wall and into the tissue spaces
,colloid osmotic pressure Correct Ans - - pulling force of
albumin in the intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy Correct Ans - - replaces normal
ongoing losses of water and electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration,
stool)
replacement therapy Correct Ans - - corrects any existing
water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids Correct Ans - - tonicity equal to plasma in the
body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids Correct Ans - - lower concentration of solutes
in the vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid Correct Ans - - higher concentration of solutes
in the vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
, colloids Correct Ans - - pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the circulation
blood Correct Ans - - not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing Correct Ans - - fluid is not lost from the body but
the fluid is not available for use in the intracellular or extracellular
compartments (fluid is in between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs more fluid
-
can you give platelets through the ranger Correct Ans - - no it
will aggreggate the platelets
hyponatremia Correct Ans - - less than 135 -145
- weakness
- abdominal cramping/leg cramps
- dizzy
- change in LOC
- seizures
different ways to treat hyponatremia Correct Ans - -
hypovolemic (give IV fluid)
- euvolemic (fluid restriction)
Explained Solutions
Minimum urine output for adult Correct Ans - 0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) Correct Ans - - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway Correct Ans - - hypothalamus senses low blood
volumed and increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum
osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) Correct Ans - - cardiac
hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing
intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure Correct Ans - - forces fluids and solutes
through the capillary wall and into the tissue spaces
,colloid osmotic pressure Correct Ans - - pulling force of
albumin in the intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy Correct Ans - - replaces normal
ongoing losses of water and electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration,
stool)
replacement therapy Correct Ans - - corrects any existing
water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids Correct Ans - - tonicity equal to plasma in the
body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids Correct Ans - - lower concentration of solutes
in the vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid Correct Ans - - higher concentration of solutes
in the vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
, colloids Correct Ans - - pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the circulation
blood Correct Ans - - not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing Correct Ans - - fluid is not lost from the body but
the fluid is not available for use in the intracellular or extracellular
compartments (fluid is in between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs more fluid
-
can you give platelets through the ranger Correct Ans - - no it
will aggreggate the platelets
hyponatremia Correct Ans - - less than 135 -145
- weakness
- abdominal cramping/leg cramps
- dizzy
- change in LOC
- seizures
different ways to treat hyponatremia Correct Ans - -
hypovolemic (give IV fluid)
- euvolemic (fluid restriction)
