Exam 3 Review
*Review the different ways you can slice a tissue (e.g., sagittal, parasagittal, coronal, etc.)*
Lymphatic System
1. Is the flow of lymph fluid to the heart unidirectional or
bidirectional Unidirectional
2. How are dietary fats absorbed from the small intestine?
Lymphatic capillaries called lacteals transport absorbed fat from the small intestine to the
bloodstream. The milky white lymph that drains through the lacteals are called chyle which drain
through the fingerlike villi of the intestinal mucosa.
3. How is interstitial fluid taken into the lymphatic system?
The fluid is picked up by the lymphatic capillaries and turned into lymph which then gets passed
through the lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. The lymphatic vessels are the elaborate
network and the lymph nodes cleanse the lymph usually located where the extremities meet the
body.
4. What regions of the body do the thoracic and right lymphatic ducts cleanse?
The thoracic duct is responsible for the left head and arm and the rest of the body, the right
lymphatic duct is responsible for the right side of the head and right arm and thorax.
a. Be able to identify them on an image of a full body
b. Point out the cisterna chyli
Large node in the middle of the body.
5. Where do B-Cells mature? Where do T-Cells mature?
B-Cells mature in the bone marrow while T-Cells mature in the thymus.
6. What structure in the lymphatic system filters lymph
fluid? Lymph Nodes
7. Define humoral and cell-mediated immunity
Humoral immunity produces antigen-specific antibodies and is primarily driven by B cells. Cell-
mediated immunity on the other hand does not depend on antibodies for its adaptive immune
functions and is primarily driven by mature T cells, macrophages and the release of cytokines in
response to an antigen.
8. What are the roles of the spleen?
- Site of lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response
- Cleanses the blood of aged blood cells and platelets; macrophages remove debris
- Helps to stabilize blood volume by transferring excess plasma from the bloodstream into
the lymphatic system
*Review the different ways you can slice a tissue (e.g., sagittal, parasagittal, coronal, etc.)*
Lymphatic System
1. Is the flow of lymph fluid to the heart unidirectional or
bidirectional Unidirectional
2. How are dietary fats absorbed from the small intestine?
Lymphatic capillaries called lacteals transport absorbed fat from the small intestine to the
bloodstream. The milky white lymph that drains through the lacteals are called chyle which drain
through the fingerlike villi of the intestinal mucosa.
3. How is interstitial fluid taken into the lymphatic system?
The fluid is picked up by the lymphatic capillaries and turned into lymph which then gets passed
through the lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. The lymphatic vessels are the elaborate
network and the lymph nodes cleanse the lymph usually located where the extremities meet the
body.
4. What regions of the body do the thoracic and right lymphatic ducts cleanse?
The thoracic duct is responsible for the left head and arm and the rest of the body, the right
lymphatic duct is responsible for the right side of the head and right arm and thorax.
a. Be able to identify them on an image of a full body
b. Point out the cisterna chyli
Large node in the middle of the body.
5. Where do B-Cells mature? Where do T-Cells mature?
B-Cells mature in the bone marrow while T-Cells mature in the thymus.
6. What structure in the lymphatic system filters lymph
fluid? Lymph Nodes
7. Define humoral and cell-mediated immunity
Humoral immunity produces antigen-specific antibodies and is primarily driven by B cells. Cell-
mediated immunity on the other hand does not depend on antibodies for its adaptive immune
functions and is primarily driven by mature T cells, macrophages and the release of cytokines in
response to an antigen.
8. What are the roles of the spleen?
- Site of lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response
- Cleanses the blood of aged blood cells and platelets; macrophages remove debris
- Helps to stabilize blood volume by transferring excess plasma from the bloodstream into
the lymphatic system
