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Key Lung Functions
1. Homeostasis Maintenance
2. Acid/Base Balance Regulation
3. Gas Exchange for Oxidative Metabolism
4. Immune Protection
5. ACE Enzyme Role in RAAS
Breathing Mechanics
Inspiration (4 Steps)
1. Diaphragm contracts.
2. Intercostal (IC) muscles contract.
3. Increased negative pressure pulls air in (vacuum effect).
4. Ribs move up and out to expand lung volume.
Purpose: Maximizes air intake and surface area for gas exchange.
Expiration (2 Steps)
1. Muscles/diaphragm relax.
2. Lung volume decreases.
Purpose: Expels CO₂ after gas exchange.
Lung Physiology Concepts