ATI Infection Control questions and solutions

ATI Infection Control questions and solutions

airborne precautions - correct answersmeasures taken to prevent the spread of diseases transmitted from an infected
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person by pathogens propelled through the air on particles smaller than 5 µm in size to a susceptible person's eyes, nos
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or mouth
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antibody - correct answersa type of protein the immune system produces to neutralize a threat of some kind, such as an
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infecting organism, a chemical, or some other foreign body
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antimoicrobial - correct answersable to destroy or suppress the growth of pathogens and other micro-organisms
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antiseptic - correct answersa substance that reduces the number of pathogens present on a surface
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asepsis - correct answersmethods used to assure that an environment is as pathogen-free as possible
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aseptic - correct answersas pathogen-free as possible
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bacteriostasis - correct answersthe inhibition of further bacterial growth mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




chlorhexidine - correct answersan antibacterial compound with substantial residual activity that is used as a liquid
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antiseptic and disinfectant
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contact precautions - correct answersmeasures taken to prevent the spread of diseases transmitted by the physical
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transfer of pathogens to a susceptible host's body surface
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contamination - correct answersthe process of becoming unsterile or unclean mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




disinfectant - correct answersany chemical agent used to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful organisms
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droplet precautions - correct answersMethods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to
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infected with pathogens transmitted by large particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing.
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endemic - correct answersprevalent in or characteristic of a particular environment
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endogenous - correct answersproduced within an organism or system rather than externally caused
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epidemic - correct answersextremely prevalent or widespread
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exogenous - correct answersProduced outside the body mi mi mi mi mi mi




flora - correct answersbacteria, fungi, and other micro-organisms normally found in the particular environment, the
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gastrointestinal tract or the skin
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hyperendemic - correct answerspersistent, high levels of disease occurrence mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




immunosuppression - correct answersimpaired ability to provide an immune response mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




infection - correct answersContamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms
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,isolation - correct answersthe separation of an infected person from others for the period of communicability of a particu
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disease
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latex - correct answersa milky fluid produced by rubber trees that is processed into a variety of products, including glove
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used for patient care
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medical asepsis - correct answerspractices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; basic
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handwashing
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) - correct answersA bacterium that causes infections in different mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




parts of the body and is often resistant to commonly used antibiotics; can be found on the skin, in surgical wounds, in the
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bloodstream, lungs, and urinary tract.
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pathogen - correct answersvirus, bacterium, or fungus. a disease-producing agent mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




pneumococcal - correct answerspertaining to or caused by pneumococci, organisms of the species Streptococcus mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




pneumoniae, a common cause of pneumonia and other infectious diseases
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retrovirus - correct answersAn RNA virus that reproduces by transcribing its RNA into DNA and then inserting the DNA
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into a cellular chromosome; an important class of cancer-causing viruses.
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sepsis - correct answersDangerous infection of the blood mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




standard precautions - correct answersA strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and
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other body fluids are infectious.
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Staphylococcus - correct answersa genus of gram-positive bacteria that are potential pathogens, causing local lesions mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




and serious opportunistic infections
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surgical asepsis - correct answerssterile technique mi mi mi mi mi




transmission-based precautions - correct answersCDC precautions used in patients known or suspected to be infected mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




with pathogens that can be transmitted by airborne, droplet, or contact routes; used in addition to standard precautions
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vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) - correct answerstype of S. aureus organism resistant to the mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




antibiotic vancomycin
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Irritant contact dermatitis - correct answersrubber latex. Affects the hands, become dry, itchy, and irritated. This is caus
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by irritation from using gloves and exposure to workplace products and chemicals. Can also result from repeated hand-
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washing and drying, incomplete hand drying, use of cleaners and sanitzers, and exposure to powdered gloves. Is not a
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true allergy.
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Chemical-sensitivity dermatitis - correct answersan allergic contact dermatitis mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




Symptoms: begin 24-48 hrs after contact, similar to those cause by poison ivy. mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




Cause by: chemicals added to latex during harvesting, processing, or manufacturing.
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Latex allergy - correct answersallergic reaction to natural rubber latex
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