NSG 318 FiNal Exam QuEStioNS aNd aNSwErS
100% VEriFiEd GradEd a+
What are the uses of diltiazem? ✔✔ Atrial dysrhythmias, HTN and relaxes coronary and
peripheral blood vessels
Hint: Calms heart by lowering BR and BP = zen heart
A student nurse asks what drug interactions are associated with Cardizem. What should the
nurse inform the student? ✔✔ Digoxin, beta blockers and other antihypertensive
A patient is on antihypertensive therapy. She is interested in CAMs. Which CAMs should the
nurse advise her to avoid? SATA
a. Garlic
b. Psyllium
c. Gingko
d. Green Tea
d. Hawthorn
e. Aloe ✔✔ Garlic and Hawthorn. Other CAMs with antihypertensive effects includes Licorice,
Goldenseal, Parsley and Ephedra
A patient states they want to stop taking diltiazem because it is causing peripheral edema. What
should the nurse inform the patient? ✔✔ Peripheral edema is normal SE. If this medication is
abruptly stopped, it can cause acute angina episode.
A patient on Cardizem starts to have bradycardia and hypotension. What antidote(s) would the
nurse expect the HCP would like to be adminstered? ✔✔ Atropine and Calcium Chloride.
Atropine reverses the bradycardia because it is an anticholinergic. Calcium chloride reverses the
hypotension
,What medication is in the drug class of Loop Diuretic?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Furosemide
c. Spironolactone
d. Aminoglycoside ✔✔ b. Furosemide. Brand name is Lasix
What is the action of furosemide? ✔✔ Inhibits Na and H2O reabsorption and excretes K, Mg
and Ca
A fatigued doctor frantically calls a nurse to discontinue Lasix for a patient on sulfonamides
because it is a contraindication. What action should the nurse take?
a. Stop the medication
b. Question the doctor
c. Find out if the patient is still on the sulfonamide
d. Report the fatigued HCP to the charge nurse ✔✔ b. Question the doctor. The HCP is mistaken.
Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides is the actual contraindication. Another contraindication is
anuria
A patient asks the nurse what are the adverse effects of furosemide. What should the nurse
teach the patient? ✔✔ Gout (SE: Hyperuricemia), Hearing Loss, Increased BUN & Cr, Renal
Failure, Hypokalemia, hyponatremia and hypomagnesemia
What are the drug interactions of furosemide? ✔✔ Alcohol, aminoglycoside (increased risk of
ototoxicity), steroids (increased K loss) and Digoxin
A patient on Lasix states her daughter is bringing her a licorice tea. What action should the
nurse take? ✔✔ Inform the patient the licorice is a contraindication. CAMs the pt should avoid
includes licorice and aloe (increased K loss), Hawthorn (hypotension) and Ginseng (decreased
effectiveness)
,What interventions should be taken when administering Lasix? ✔✔ - Monitor urinary output
and weight
- Monitor VS esp BP
- Administer IV furosemide SLOWLY, hearing loss may occur if it is rapidly injected
- Monitor for hypokalemia
What medication is in the drug class of Thiazide?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Furosemide
c. Spironolactone
d. Aminoglycoside ✔✔ a. Hydrochlorothiazide
What is the action of hydrochlorothiazide? ✔✔ Promotes Na, Cl , K, & H2O excretion. Reabsorbs
Ca. Vasodilation = decreased BP
What are side effects/adverse effects of hydrochlorothiazide? ✔✔ Photosensitivity, Blurred
Vision, Muscle Cramps, Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia, Orthostatic Hypotension, Gout, Anemia
and Renal Failure
What are the drug interactions of hydrochlorothiazide? ✔✔ - Digoxin because hypokalemia
increased risk of digitalis toxicity
- Aspirin increases renal toxicity
- Steroids increase K loss
- Antidiabetics have decreased effects = increase BS
- NSAIDs decreased absorption
, A patient wanted to try a few new CAMs. He just started taking hydrochlorothiazide. Which
CAMs should he avoid? ✔✔ - Aloe (Decreased serum K Loss)
- Licorice (May increase K loss)
- Gingko (Decreased BP w/ thiazide)
- Hawthorne (Hypotension)
A patient asks the nurse how he should take hydrochlorothiazide when he is at home. How
should the nurse educate the patient? ✔✔ - Take med early in the morning to avoid nocturia
- Change positions slowly bc orthostatic hypotension
- Avoid increased intake of Ca
What medication is in the drug class of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Furosemide
c. Spironolactone
d. Aminoglycoside ✔✔ c. Spironolactone
What is the drug action of spironolactone? ✔✔ Acts on distal renal tubules to promote Na and
H20 excretion and K retention
What are the drug interactions of spironolactone? ✔✔ - K Supplements
- Antihypertensive and lithium (increased effects)
- ACE Inhibitor (life threatening)
What interventions should the nurse take when administering spironolactone? ✔✔ - Monitor
VS and urinary output
- S/S of hyperkalemia
100% VEriFiEd GradEd a+
What are the uses of diltiazem? ✔✔ Atrial dysrhythmias, HTN and relaxes coronary and
peripheral blood vessels
Hint: Calms heart by lowering BR and BP = zen heart
A student nurse asks what drug interactions are associated with Cardizem. What should the
nurse inform the student? ✔✔ Digoxin, beta blockers and other antihypertensive
A patient is on antihypertensive therapy. She is interested in CAMs. Which CAMs should the
nurse advise her to avoid? SATA
a. Garlic
b. Psyllium
c. Gingko
d. Green Tea
d. Hawthorn
e. Aloe ✔✔ Garlic and Hawthorn. Other CAMs with antihypertensive effects includes Licorice,
Goldenseal, Parsley and Ephedra
A patient states they want to stop taking diltiazem because it is causing peripheral edema. What
should the nurse inform the patient? ✔✔ Peripheral edema is normal SE. If this medication is
abruptly stopped, it can cause acute angina episode.
A patient on Cardizem starts to have bradycardia and hypotension. What antidote(s) would the
nurse expect the HCP would like to be adminstered? ✔✔ Atropine and Calcium Chloride.
Atropine reverses the bradycardia because it is an anticholinergic. Calcium chloride reverses the
hypotension
,What medication is in the drug class of Loop Diuretic?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Furosemide
c. Spironolactone
d. Aminoglycoside ✔✔ b. Furosemide. Brand name is Lasix
What is the action of furosemide? ✔✔ Inhibits Na and H2O reabsorption and excretes K, Mg
and Ca
A fatigued doctor frantically calls a nurse to discontinue Lasix for a patient on sulfonamides
because it is a contraindication. What action should the nurse take?
a. Stop the medication
b. Question the doctor
c. Find out if the patient is still on the sulfonamide
d. Report the fatigued HCP to the charge nurse ✔✔ b. Question the doctor. The HCP is mistaken.
Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides is the actual contraindication. Another contraindication is
anuria
A patient asks the nurse what are the adverse effects of furosemide. What should the nurse
teach the patient? ✔✔ Gout (SE: Hyperuricemia), Hearing Loss, Increased BUN & Cr, Renal
Failure, Hypokalemia, hyponatremia and hypomagnesemia
What are the drug interactions of furosemide? ✔✔ Alcohol, aminoglycoside (increased risk of
ototoxicity), steroids (increased K loss) and Digoxin
A patient on Lasix states her daughter is bringing her a licorice tea. What action should the
nurse take? ✔✔ Inform the patient the licorice is a contraindication. CAMs the pt should avoid
includes licorice and aloe (increased K loss), Hawthorn (hypotension) and Ginseng (decreased
effectiveness)
,What interventions should be taken when administering Lasix? ✔✔ - Monitor urinary output
and weight
- Monitor VS esp BP
- Administer IV furosemide SLOWLY, hearing loss may occur if it is rapidly injected
- Monitor for hypokalemia
What medication is in the drug class of Thiazide?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Furosemide
c. Spironolactone
d. Aminoglycoside ✔✔ a. Hydrochlorothiazide
What is the action of hydrochlorothiazide? ✔✔ Promotes Na, Cl , K, & H2O excretion. Reabsorbs
Ca. Vasodilation = decreased BP
What are side effects/adverse effects of hydrochlorothiazide? ✔✔ Photosensitivity, Blurred
Vision, Muscle Cramps, Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia, Orthostatic Hypotension, Gout, Anemia
and Renal Failure
What are the drug interactions of hydrochlorothiazide? ✔✔ - Digoxin because hypokalemia
increased risk of digitalis toxicity
- Aspirin increases renal toxicity
- Steroids increase K loss
- Antidiabetics have decreased effects = increase BS
- NSAIDs decreased absorption
, A patient wanted to try a few new CAMs. He just started taking hydrochlorothiazide. Which
CAMs should he avoid? ✔✔ - Aloe (Decreased serum K Loss)
- Licorice (May increase K loss)
- Gingko (Decreased BP w/ thiazide)
- Hawthorne (Hypotension)
A patient asks the nurse how he should take hydrochlorothiazide when he is at home. How
should the nurse educate the patient? ✔✔ - Take med early in the morning to avoid nocturia
- Change positions slowly bc orthostatic hypotension
- Avoid increased intake of Ca
What medication is in the drug class of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Furosemide
c. Spironolactone
d. Aminoglycoside ✔✔ c. Spironolactone
What is the drug action of spironolactone? ✔✔ Acts on distal renal tubules to promote Na and
H20 excretion and K retention
What are the drug interactions of spironolactone? ✔✔ - K Supplements
- Antihypertensive and lithium (increased effects)
- ACE Inhibitor (life threatening)
What interventions should the nurse take when administering spironolactone? ✔✔ - Monitor
VS and urinary output
- S/S of hyperkalemia
