TEST BANK BIOCHEMISTRY 2021
p p p
Contents
Chapterp1 IntroductionptopBiochemistry 1
Chapterp2 Water 10
Chapterp3 AminopAcidspandpthepPrimarypStructurespofpProteins 27
Chapterp4 Proteins:pThree-DimensionalpStructurepandpFunction 46
Chapterp5 PropertiespofpEnzymes 65
Chapterp6 MechanismspofpEnzymes 85
Chapterp7 CoenzymespandpVitamins 104
Chapterp8 Carbohydrates 119
Chapterp9 LipidspandpMembranes 137
Chapterp10 IntroductionptopMetabolism 153
Chapterp11 Glycolysis 169
Chapterp12 Gluconeogenesis,pThepPentosepPhosphatepPathway,
andpGlycogenpMetabolism 185
Chapterp13 ThepCitricpAcidpCycle 199
Chapterp14 ElectronpTransportpandpOxidativepPhosphorylation 213
Chapterp15 Photosynthesis 227
Chapterp16 LipidpMetabolism 241
Chapterp17 AminopAcidpMetabolism 256
Chapterp18 NucleotidepMetabolism 269
Chapterp19 NucleicpAcids 284
Chapterp20 DNApReplication,pRepair,pandpRecombination 300
Chapterp21 TranscriptionpandpRNApProcessing 315
Chapterp22 ProteinpSynthesis 330
Chapterp23 RecombinantpDNApTechnology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
p p p
1) Whichp elementspaccountp forp morep thanp 97%p ofpthep weightp ofpmostporganisms?
A) C,pH,pN,pMg,pO,p S
B) C,pH,pN,pO,pP,pS
C) C,pH,pN
D) Fe,pC,pH,pO,pP
E) Ca2+,p K+,p Na+,p Mg2+,p Cl-
Answer:p B
PagepRef:pSectionp2
2) Proteinspinp biologicalp membranesp mayp be
A) porous.
B) attachedp topthep membranep surface.
C) spanp thep membrane.
D) Allp ofpthepabove
E) Bpandp Cponly
Answer:p D
PagepRef:pSectionp3
3) Whichp statementp aboutp cellulosep isp false?
A) Itp ispthep mostpabundantp polysaccharidep inpnature.
B) Itsp monomersp arep joinedp bypglycosidicp bonds.
C) Itp isppresentp inpthep stemsp ofpfloweringp plants.
D) Thep hydroxylp groupsp ofp neighboringp cellulosep moleculesp interactp top formp strong,p insolub
lepfibers.
E) Itp ispap branchedp polymerp ofpglucose.
Answer:p E
PagepRef:pSectionp3
1
,4) WhenpKeqpofpap reactionp=p1,pthen
A) thep forwardp reactionp isp fasterp thanp thep reversep reaction.
B) thep reversep reactionpisp fasterp thanp thep forwardp reaction.
C) thep forwardp andp reversep reactionp ratep constantsp arep equal.
D) morep productsp arep formedp thanp reactants.
E) fewerp productsp arep formedp thanp reactants.
Answer:p C
PagepRef:pSectionp4
5) Whichp statementp isp truepaboutp ap reactionpwithpanp equilibriump constant,p Keq,p equalp top1000?
A) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp1000p timespgreaterp thanp thep reversep ratep constant.
B) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp3p timespgreaterp thanp reversep ratep constant.
C) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp1000p timesp smallerpthanp thep reversep ratep constant.
D) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp3p timespsmallerpthanp thep reversep ratep constant.
E) Therep isp notp enoughp informationp givenp topcomparep thep forwardp andp reversep ratep constants.
Answer:p A
PagepRef:pSectionp4
6) Thep studyp ofpthep energyp changesp duringp metabolicp reactionsp isp called .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biologicalp heatp dynamics
Answer:p D
PagepRef:pSectionp4
7) Ap spontaneousp chemicalp reactionp alwaysp hasp a change.
A) positivep Gibbʹsp freep energy
B) negativep Gibbʹsp freep energy
C) positivep enthalpy
D) negativep enthalpy
E) positivep entropy
Answer:p B
PagepRef:pSectionp4
2
, 8) Prokaryotesp arep valuablep toolsp forp biochemistsp because
A) E.pcolipispwell-studiedp andp typicalp ofpprokaryotes.
B) theypcontainp asp manyp genesp asp eukaryoticp cells.
C) manyp ofptheirp chromosomesp arep sequenced.
D) theyparep notp veryp diversep organisms.
E) Allp ofpthepabove
Answer:p C
PagepRef:pSectionp6
9) Whichp cellularp componentp carriesp outp oxidationp reactions,p somep ofp whichp producep hydrog
enpperoxide?
A) peroxisomes
B) mitochondria
C) chloroplasts
D) lysosomes
E) vacuoles
Answer:p A
PagepRef:pSectionp8
10) Whyp ispitp importantp thatp thep enzymesp inplysosomesp arep morep activep atp acidicp pHp thanp atp neut
ralppH?
A) Sincep lysosomesp arep primarilyp foundp inpthep stomachpacidp ofpmammals,p theirp p
Hpdependencep allowsp forp maximumpefficiencyp forp thep digestionp ofpfoodstuffs.
B) Itp preventsp theirp diffusionp outp ofpthep lysosomes.
C) Itp maximizesp thep interactionp withptheirp substratesp whichp arep alwaysp bases.
D) Itp preventsp themp fromp accidentallyp degradingp thep macromoleculesp inpthep cytosol.
E) Itp allowsp forp regulationp ofptheirp uptakep bypthep mitochondria.
Answer:p D
PagepRef:pSectionp8
11) Moleculesp fromp livingp cellsp cannotp bepsynthesizedp outsidep ofplivingp cell
s.pAnswer:p FALSE
PagepRef:pSectionp1
12) Fermentationp inp thep absencep ofpcellsp demonstratedp thatp metabolicp processesp werepchemicalp i
npnature.
Answer:p TRUE
PagepRef:pSectionp1
3
p p p
Contents
Chapterp1 IntroductionptopBiochemistry 1
Chapterp2 Water 10
Chapterp3 AminopAcidspandpthepPrimarypStructurespofpProteins 27
Chapterp4 Proteins:pThree-DimensionalpStructurepandpFunction 46
Chapterp5 PropertiespofpEnzymes 65
Chapterp6 MechanismspofpEnzymes 85
Chapterp7 CoenzymespandpVitamins 104
Chapterp8 Carbohydrates 119
Chapterp9 LipidspandpMembranes 137
Chapterp10 IntroductionptopMetabolism 153
Chapterp11 Glycolysis 169
Chapterp12 Gluconeogenesis,pThepPentosepPhosphatepPathway,
andpGlycogenpMetabolism 185
Chapterp13 ThepCitricpAcidpCycle 199
Chapterp14 ElectronpTransportpandpOxidativepPhosphorylation 213
Chapterp15 Photosynthesis 227
Chapterp16 LipidpMetabolism 241
Chapterp17 AminopAcidpMetabolism 256
Chapterp18 NucleotidepMetabolism 269
Chapterp19 NucleicpAcids 284
Chapterp20 DNApReplication,pRepair,pandpRecombination 300
Chapterp21 TranscriptionpandpRNApProcessing 315
Chapterp22 ProteinpSynthesis 330
Chapterp23 RecombinantpDNApTechnology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
p p p
1) Whichp elementspaccountp forp morep thanp 97%p ofpthep weightp ofpmostporganisms?
A) C,pH,pN,pMg,pO,p S
B) C,pH,pN,pO,pP,pS
C) C,pH,pN
D) Fe,pC,pH,pO,pP
E) Ca2+,p K+,p Na+,p Mg2+,p Cl-
Answer:p B
PagepRef:pSectionp2
2) Proteinspinp biologicalp membranesp mayp be
A) porous.
B) attachedp topthep membranep surface.
C) spanp thep membrane.
D) Allp ofpthepabove
E) Bpandp Cponly
Answer:p D
PagepRef:pSectionp3
3) Whichp statementp aboutp cellulosep isp false?
A) Itp ispthep mostpabundantp polysaccharidep inpnature.
B) Itsp monomersp arep joinedp bypglycosidicp bonds.
C) Itp isppresentp inpthep stemsp ofpfloweringp plants.
D) Thep hydroxylp groupsp ofp neighboringp cellulosep moleculesp interactp top formp strong,p insolub
lepfibers.
E) Itp ispap branchedp polymerp ofpglucose.
Answer:p E
PagepRef:pSectionp3
1
,4) WhenpKeqpofpap reactionp=p1,pthen
A) thep forwardp reactionp isp fasterp thanp thep reversep reaction.
B) thep reversep reactionpisp fasterp thanp thep forwardp reaction.
C) thep forwardp andp reversep reactionp ratep constantsp arep equal.
D) morep productsp arep formedp thanp reactants.
E) fewerp productsp arep formedp thanp reactants.
Answer:p C
PagepRef:pSectionp4
5) Whichp statementp isp truepaboutp ap reactionpwithpanp equilibriump constant,p Keq,p equalp top1000?
A) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp1000p timespgreaterp thanp thep reversep ratep constant.
B) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp3p timespgreaterp thanp reversep ratep constant.
C) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp1000p timesp smallerpthanp thep reversep ratep constant.
D) Thep forwardp ratep constantp isp3p timespsmallerpthanp thep reversep ratep constant.
E) Therep isp notp enoughp informationp givenp topcomparep thep forwardp andp reversep ratep constants.
Answer:p A
PagepRef:pSectionp4
6) Thep studyp ofpthep energyp changesp duringp metabolicp reactionsp isp called .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biologicalp heatp dynamics
Answer:p D
PagepRef:pSectionp4
7) Ap spontaneousp chemicalp reactionp alwaysp hasp a change.
A) positivep Gibbʹsp freep energy
B) negativep Gibbʹsp freep energy
C) positivep enthalpy
D) negativep enthalpy
E) positivep entropy
Answer:p B
PagepRef:pSectionp4
2
, 8) Prokaryotesp arep valuablep toolsp forp biochemistsp because
A) E.pcolipispwell-studiedp andp typicalp ofpprokaryotes.
B) theypcontainp asp manyp genesp asp eukaryoticp cells.
C) manyp ofptheirp chromosomesp arep sequenced.
D) theyparep notp veryp diversep organisms.
E) Allp ofpthepabove
Answer:p C
PagepRef:pSectionp6
9) Whichp cellularp componentp carriesp outp oxidationp reactions,p somep ofp whichp producep hydrog
enpperoxide?
A) peroxisomes
B) mitochondria
C) chloroplasts
D) lysosomes
E) vacuoles
Answer:p A
PagepRef:pSectionp8
10) Whyp ispitp importantp thatp thep enzymesp inplysosomesp arep morep activep atp acidicp pHp thanp atp neut
ralppH?
A) Sincep lysosomesp arep primarilyp foundp inpthep stomachpacidp ofpmammals,p theirp p
Hpdependencep allowsp forp maximumpefficiencyp forp thep digestionp ofpfoodstuffs.
B) Itp preventsp theirp diffusionp outp ofpthep lysosomes.
C) Itp maximizesp thep interactionp withptheirp substratesp whichp arep alwaysp bases.
D) Itp preventsp themp fromp accidentallyp degradingp thep macromoleculesp inpthep cytosol.
E) Itp allowsp forp regulationp ofptheirp uptakep bypthep mitochondria.
Answer:p D
PagepRef:pSectionp8
11) Moleculesp fromp livingp cellsp cannotp bepsynthesizedp outsidep ofplivingp cell
s.pAnswer:p FALSE
PagepRef:pSectionp1
12) Fermentationp inp thep absencep ofpcellsp demonstratedp thatp metabolicp processesp werepchemicalp i
npnature.
Answer:p TRUE
PagepRef:pSectionp1
3
