Biology 121 UBC Exam Questions with
Correct Answers
directional selection - ANSWER-one extreme variation is favoured
stabilizing selection - ANSWER-non extreme traits selected for
disruptive selection - ANSWER-extreme traits selected for
balancing selection - ANSWER-one favoured allele selected for
nondisjunction - ANSWER-error in meiosis when sister chromosomes fail to separate
null hypothesis - ANSWER-predicts no change
alternate hypothesis - ANSWER-predicts change
evolution - ANSWER-changes in allele frequencies across generations
synamorphy - ANSWER-defines clade, how they share traits
parsimony - ANSWER-tree with smallest/simplest number of changes is most likely
derived trait - ANSWER-changed form of ancestral trait
monophyletic group - ANSWER-clade (ancestor and descendants)
convergent evolution - ANSWER-independent evolution among similar trees
divergent evolution - ANSWER-1 species involves different traits
speciation - ANSWER-splitting event creates multiple species from one
biological species concept - ANSWER-mating
morphological species concept - ANSWER-specific form and function
ecological species concept - ANSWER-specific niche
phylogenetic species concept - ANSWER-smallest possible monophyletic group
allopatric speciation - ANSWER-populations are physical isolated
sympatric speciation - ANSWER-populations live in same area and encounter each
other
Correct Answers
directional selection - ANSWER-one extreme variation is favoured
stabilizing selection - ANSWER-non extreme traits selected for
disruptive selection - ANSWER-extreme traits selected for
balancing selection - ANSWER-one favoured allele selected for
nondisjunction - ANSWER-error in meiosis when sister chromosomes fail to separate
null hypothesis - ANSWER-predicts no change
alternate hypothesis - ANSWER-predicts change
evolution - ANSWER-changes in allele frequencies across generations
synamorphy - ANSWER-defines clade, how they share traits
parsimony - ANSWER-tree with smallest/simplest number of changes is most likely
derived trait - ANSWER-changed form of ancestral trait
monophyletic group - ANSWER-clade (ancestor and descendants)
convergent evolution - ANSWER-independent evolution among similar trees
divergent evolution - ANSWER-1 species involves different traits
speciation - ANSWER-splitting event creates multiple species from one
biological species concept - ANSWER-mating
morphological species concept - ANSWER-specific form and function
ecological species concept - ANSWER-specific niche
phylogenetic species concept - ANSWER-smallest possible monophyletic group
allopatric speciation - ANSWER-populations are physical isolated
sympatric speciation - ANSWER-populations live in same area and encounter each
other
