Electronic Principles Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025
engineering notation - Answers limits exponents to multiples of 3
transformer - Answers transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another, and are
commonly used for increasing/decreasing voltage
resistor - Answers implements electrical resistance in a circuit
fixed resistor - Answers resistance changes only slightly with temperature, time, or operating voltage
variable resistor - Answers can be used to adjust circuit elements (volume control, lamp dimmer)
capacitor - Answers device that stores electrical energy in an electric field, usually used to block DC and
allow AC
inductor - Answers stores energy in a magnetic field
relay - Answers electrically operated switch
solenoid - Answers electromagnet used to generate a controlled magnetic field through a coil wound
into a tightly packed helix
diode - Answers conducts current primarily in one direction (converts AC to DC)
rectification - Answers conversion of AC to DC
transistor - Answers semiconductor device used in a circuit as an amplifier or switch
integrated circuit - Answers set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece of semiconductor material
battery - Answers A device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy
wire - Answers conductors used to connect electrical components to the power source
switch - Answers used to control a circuit and turn power on or off
resistor - Answers allows current to pass through but controls the resistance
ground - Answers point from which voltage is measured
series circuit - Answers circuit where current flows in one direction on a single path (current is constant)
parallel circuit - Answers a circuit that contains more than one path for current flow (voltage is constant)
conductor - Answers has many free electrons which move easily from atom to atom (silver, copper, gold,
aluminum)
semiconductor - Answers falls between an insulator and conductor (silicon, germanium)
, voltage - Answers force or electrical energy required to move electrons (measured in Volts)
electromotive force (EMF) - Answers voltage, potential, or difference of potential stored in a battery
current - Answers the movement of free electrons through a conductor (measures in Amperes)
resistance - Answers amount of opposition to electron movement (measured in Ohms)
conductance - Answers ability of a material to pass electrons
inductance - Answers tendency of a conductor to oppose a change in current flowing through it
(measured in Henrys) or the ability to store energy in an electromagnetic field
capacitance - Answers ability to store electric charge (measured in Farads)
power - Answers the rate of doing work, or the measure of how much energy is being converted to heat
(measured in Watts)
simple circuit requirements - Answers load device, power supply, conductor
alternating current - Answers current that continually changes amplitude and periodically changes
direction
vector - Answers used to represent amplitude and phase relationships of voltage and current
RMS voltage - Answers root mean square, the amount of AC voltage which will do the same amount of
work as the DC voltage
wavelength - Answers the actual distance between the beginning and end of one complete AC cycle
power frequencies - Answers 0Hz to 3kHz
audio frequencies - Answers 15Hz to 20kHz
radio frequencies - Answers 20kHz to 300GHz
VFL - Answers under 30kHz
LF - Answers 30kHz-300kHz
MF - Answers 300kHz to 3MHz commercial AM broadcasting
optics - Answers extends to 10^17Hz
x-ray - Answers extends to 10^23 Hz
RMS calculations - Answers Vrms = .707 Vpk
engineering notation - Answers limits exponents to multiples of 3
transformer - Answers transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another, and are
commonly used for increasing/decreasing voltage
resistor - Answers implements electrical resistance in a circuit
fixed resistor - Answers resistance changes only slightly with temperature, time, or operating voltage
variable resistor - Answers can be used to adjust circuit elements (volume control, lamp dimmer)
capacitor - Answers device that stores electrical energy in an electric field, usually used to block DC and
allow AC
inductor - Answers stores energy in a magnetic field
relay - Answers electrically operated switch
solenoid - Answers electromagnet used to generate a controlled magnetic field through a coil wound
into a tightly packed helix
diode - Answers conducts current primarily in one direction (converts AC to DC)
rectification - Answers conversion of AC to DC
transistor - Answers semiconductor device used in a circuit as an amplifier or switch
integrated circuit - Answers set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece of semiconductor material
battery - Answers A device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy
wire - Answers conductors used to connect electrical components to the power source
switch - Answers used to control a circuit and turn power on or off
resistor - Answers allows current to pass through but controls the resistance
ground - Answers point from which voltage is measured
series circuit - Answers circuit where current flows in one direction on a single path (current is constant)
parallel circuit - Answers a circuit that contains more than one path for current flow (voltage is constant)
conductor - Answers has many free electrons which move easily from atom to atom (silver, copper, gold,
aluminum)
semiconductor - Answers falls between an insulator and conductor (silicon, germanium)
, voltage - Answers force or electrical energy required to move electrons (measured in Volts)
electromotive force (EMF) - Answers voltage, potential, or difference of potential stored in a battery
current - Answers the movement of free electrons through a conductor (measures in Amperes)
resistance - Answers amount of opposition to electron movement (measured in Ohms)
conductance - Answers ability of a material to pass electrons
inductance - Answers tendency of a conductor to oppose a change in current flowing through it
(measured in Henrys) or the ability to store energy in an electromagnetic field
capacitance - Answers ability to store electric charge (measured in Farads)
power - Answers the rate of doing work, or the measure of how much energy is being converted to heat
(measured in Watts)
simple circuit requirements - Answers load device, power supply, conductor
alternating current - Answers current that continually changes amplitude and periodically changes
direction
vector - Answers used to represent amplitude and phase relationships of voltage and current
RMS voltage - Answers root mean square, the amount of AC voltage which will do the same amount of
work as the DC voltage
wavelength - Answers the actual distance between the beginning and end of one complete AC cycle
power frequencies - Answers 0Hz to 3kHz
audio frequencies - Answers 15Hz to 20kHz
radio frequencies - Answers 20kHz to 300GHz
VFL - Answers under 30kHz
LF - Answers 30kHz-300kHz
MF - Answers 300kHz to 3MHz commercial AM broadcasting
optics - Answers extends to 10^17Hz
x-ray - Answers extends to 10^23 Hz
RMS calculations - Answers Vrms = .707 Vpk
