CHAPTER 7 - BASIC NUTRITION AND
DIET THERAPY EXAM Q&A
Thiamin (Vitamin B1) Deficiency - Answer-May result in constipation, indigestion,
and poor appetite. Without thiamin, alertness and reflexes decrease, and apathy,
fatigue, and irritability result. If continued nerve irritation, pain and prickly or numbing
sensations may eventually lead to paralysis
Beriberi ("I can't, I can't") - Answer-Paralyzing disease, deficiency of vitamin b1
(Thiamin)
Alcohol-Induced Thiamin Deficiency - Answer-Causes a debilitating brain dosorder,
Wernickes encephalopathy ?affects mental, alertness, short-term memory, and
muscle coordination.
Food sources of Thiamin (Vitamin b1) - Answer-Yeast, pork, whole or enriched
grains, legumes, and some raw fish.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) - Answer-Role as a coenzyme factor in many cell reactions
related to energy and protein metabolism.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) Deficiency - Answer-Areas with rapid cell regeneration are
most affected by riboflavin deficiency. Cracked lips and mouth corners, swollen red
tongue , burning, itching, teary red eyes.
Ariboflavinosis - Answer-Vitamin B2 Deficiency. Tissue inflammation and breakdown,
poor wound healing, minor injuries become easily aggravated.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) Food Sources - Answer-Milk, yogurt, beef liver, chicken liver,
soybeans, all-bran kelloggs, Total whole grain cereal general mills.
Niacin (Vitamin B3) - Answer-Coenzyme factor in many cell reactions related to
energy and protein metabolism.
Pellagra - Answer-Deficiency disease caused by a lack of dietary niacin and an
inadequate amount of protein that contains the amino acid tryptophan, which is a
precursor of niacin. Skin lesions that are aggravated by sunlight as well as by
gastrointestinal, mucosal, nerologic, and mental symptoms.
Niacin (Vitamin B3) Deficiency - Answer-Weakness, poor appetite, indigestion, and
various disorders of the skin and nervous system. Skin areas exposed to sunlight
develop a dark scaly dermatitis. Extended deficiency may result in central nervous
system damage causing confusion, apathy, disorientation, and neuritis. Seen in
patients with chronic alcoholism.
Niacin (Vitamin B3) Toxicity - Answer-Red flushing of skin, accompanied by itching,
burning, tingling feeling. Not associated with dietary forms.
, Niacin (Vitamin B3) Food sources - Answer-Meat, poultry, fish, enriched and whole
grains, peanuts.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Answer-Group of ~6~ related compounds: pyridoxine,
pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and their respective activated phosphate forms. Participates
in amino acid absorption, ATP production, the synthesis of the heme portion of
hemoglobin, and niacin formation from tryptophan.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) Deficiency - Answer-Abnormal central nervous system
function with hyperirritabilitu, neuritis, and possible convulsions.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Answer-Large supplemental dosages can cause
uncoordinated movement and nerve damage.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) Food Sources - Answer-Grains, enriched cereals, liver and
kidney, small amounts in legumes.
Folate - Answer-Molecules derived from folic acid, which is used in vitamin
supplements. I'm the body folate is converted to and used a the coenzyme
tetrahydrofolic acid (TH4).
Tocopherol Deficiency - Answer-Red blood cell membrane phospholipids and
proteins are susceptible to oxidation and destruction. Dietary deficiency; rare/only
occurs in individuals who cannot absorb or metabolize fat.
Tocopherol Toxicity - Answer-May interfere with vitamin K activity and blood clotting.
Tocopherol (Food Sources) - Answer-Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and fortified
cereals
Vitamin K - Answer-Blood clotting and bone development.
Prothrombin - Answer-Synthesized in the liver, converted to thrombin upon
activation,which then initiates the comversionocfibrinogem to fibrin to form the blood
clot.
Phylloquinone - Answer-Dietary form of vitamin K. Antidote for the effects of
excessive anticoagulant drugs doses, often used to control and prevent certain types
of hemorrhages.
Menaquinone - Answer-Form of vitamin K that is synthesized by bacteria, contributes
to nearly half of our supply of vitamin K. Banned due to toxicity effects. Constant
supply normally available.
Food sources of phylloquinone (Vitamin K) - Answer-Green, leafy veggies, such as
spinach, collared greens, and kale.
DIET THERAPY EXAM Q&A
Thiamin (Vitamin B1) Deficiency - Answer-May result in constipation, indigestion,
and poor appetite. Without thiamin, alertness and reflexes decrease, and apathy,
fatigue, and irritability result. If continued nerve irritation, pain and prickly or numbing
sensations may eventually lead to paralysis
Beriberi ("I can't, I can't") - Answer-Paralyzing disease, deficiency of vitamin b1
(Thiamin)
Alcohol-Induced Thiamin Deficiency - Answer-Causes a debilitating brain dosorder,
Wernickes encephalopathy ?affects mental, alertness, short-term memory, and
muscle coordination.
Food sources of Thiamin (Vitamin b1) - Answer-Yeast, pork, whole or enriched
grains, legumes, and some raw fish.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) - Answer-Role as a coenzyme factor in many cell reactions
related to energy and protein metabolism.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) Deficiency - Answer-Areas with rapid cell regeneration are
most affected by riboflavin deficiency. Cracked lips and mouth corners, swollen red
tongue , burning, itching, teary red eyes.
Ariboflavinosis - Answer-Vitamin B2 Deficiency. Tissue inflammation and breakdown,
poor wound healing, minor injuries become easily aggravated.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) Food Sources - Answer-Milk, yogurt, beef liver, chicken liver,
soybeans, all-bran kelloggs, Total whole grain cereal general mills.
Niacin (Vitamin B3) - Answer-Coenzyme factor in many cell reactions related to
energy and protein metabolism.
Pellagra - Answer-Deficiency disease caused by a lack of dietary niacin and an
inadequate amount of protein that contains the amino acid tryptophan, which is a
precursor of niacin. Skin lesions that are aggravated by sunlight as well as by
gastrointestinal, mucosal, nerologic, and mental symptoms.
Niacin (Vitamin B3) Deficiency - Answer-Weakness, poor appetite, indigestion, and
various disorders of the skin and nervous system. Skin areas exposed to sunlight
develop a dark scaly dermatitis. Extended deficiency may result in central nervous
system damage causing confusion, apathy, disorientation, and neuritis. Seen in
patients with chronic alcoholism.
Niacin (Vitamin B3) Toxicity - Answer-Red flushing of skin, accompanied by itching,
burning, tingling feeling. Not associated with dietary forms.
, Niacin (Vitamin B3) Food sources - Answer-Meat, poultry, fish, enriched and whole
grains, peanuts.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Answer-Group of ~6~ related compounds: pyridoxine,
pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and their respective activated phosphate forms. Participates
in amino acid absorption, ATP production, the synthesis of the heme portion of
hemoglobin, and niacin formation from tryptophan.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) Deficiency - Answer-Abnormal central nervous system
function with hyperirritabilitu, neuritis, and possible convulsions.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - Answer-Large supplemental dosages can cause
uncoordinated movement and nerve damage.
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) Food Sources - Answer-Grains, enriched cereals, liver and
kidney, small amounts in legumes.
Folate - Answer-Molecules derived from folic acid, which is used in vitamin
supplements. I'm the body folate is converted to and used a the coenzyme
tetrahydrofolic acid (TH4).
Tocopherol Deficiency - Answer-Red blood cell membrane phospholipids and
proteins are susceptible to oxidation and destruction. Dietary deficiency; rare/only
occurs in individuals who cannot absorb or metabolize fat.
Tocopherol Toxicity - Answer-May interfere with vitamin K activity and blood clotting.
Tocopherol (Food Sources) - Answer-Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and fortified
cereals
Vitamin K - Answer-Blood clotting and bone development.
Prothrombin - Answer-Synthesized in the liver, converted to thrombin upon
activation,which then initiates the comversionocfibrinogem to fibrin to form the blood
clot.
Phylloquinone - Answer-Dietary form of vitamin K. Antidote for the effects of
excessive anticoagulant drugs doses, often used to control and prevent certain types
of hemorrhages.
Menaquinone - Answer-Form of vitamin K that is synthesized by bacteria, contributes
to nearly half of our supply of vitamin K. Banned due to toxicity effects. Constant
supply normally available.
Food sources of phylloquinone (Vitamin K) - Answer-Green, leafy veggies, such as
spinach, collared greens, and kale.
