PHTY5201 Wk6: Physiotherapy In NICU
Exam Study Guide
What maternal, baby and geographic factors increase risk of complication/NICU
admission? - ANSWER Mums: <20yr, >40yr, indigenous
Baby: reduced GA (esp. <29wk), reduced BW (esp. <1000g), plularity
Geographic: born in remote areas
Define: Extremely Low BW - ANSWER ELBW: <1000g
Define: Very Low BW - ANSWER VLBW: <1500g
Define: Low BW - ANSWER LBW: < 2500g
Define: Average BW - ANSWER ABW: 2500-4000g
Define: Small for GA - ANSWER SGA: <10th percentile
Define: Appropriate for GA - ANSWER AGA: 10-90th percentile
Define: Large for GA - ANSWER LGA: >90th percentile
How do term and pre-term infants differ in the way of posture? - ANSWER Term: more
time spent in physiological flexion --> oriented more midline
Pre-term: gravity-driven posture --> tend toward extension
How do term and pre-term infants differ in the way of body systems? - ANSWER
Pre-term: systems are immature/not yet properly developed
How is a pre-term baby's respiratory system different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Variable:
- may require resuscitation and support
- may have significant complications e.g. apnea
How is a pre-term baby's CV system different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Variable:
- brachycardia and/or tachycardia common
- less mature rate, pressure and flow control --> can cause bursting of arteries/bleeding
May have unclosed PDA
, How is a pre-term baby's arousal levels different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Arousal likely to be affected by medical complications and physiotherapy interventions
How is a pre-term baby's thermoregulation different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Poor temperature control (very thin skin)
Can expend lots of energy attempting to maintain temperature
How is a pre-term baby's feeding different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER Mature
sucking not present until 32-34wk --> usually fed with NGT or TPN initially
Feed intolerance common
How is a pre-term baby's movement different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Extensor/flexor imbalance
Lower active and passive tone
Struggles to move against gravity
Movement is jerky
Lots of startles
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Motor - ANSWER CP: 10-15% higher risk
DCD: 50% higher risk
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Sensory - ANSWER Sensory difficulties
Visual impairment
Hearing impairment
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Cognitive - ANSWER Decreased
- IQ, language
- information processing
- attention, memory
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Education - ANSWER Decreased reading, spelling, writing
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Exam Study Guide
What maternal, baby and geographic factors increase risk of complication/NICU
admission? - ANSWER Mums: <20yr, >40yr, indigenous
Baby: reduced GA (esp. <29wk), reduced BW (esp. <1000g), plularity
Geographic: born in remote areas
Define: Extremely Low BW - ANSWER ELBW: <1000g
Define: Very Low BW - ANSWER VLBW: <1500g
Define: Low BW - ANSWER LBW: < 2500g
Define: Average BW - ANSWER ABW: 2500-4000g
Define: Small for GA - ANSWER SGA: <10th percentile
Define: Appropriate for GA - ANSWER AGA: 10-90th percentile
Define: Large for GA - ANSWER LGA: >90th percentile
How do term and pre-term infants differ in the way of posture? - ANSWER Term: more
time spent in physiological flexion --> oriented more midline
Pre-term: gravity-driven posture --> tend toward extension
How do term and pre-term infants differ in the way of body systems? - ANSWER
Pre-term: systems are immature/not yet properly developed
How is a pre-term baby's respiratory system different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Variable:
- may require resuscitation and support
- may have significant complications e.g. apnea
How is a pre-term baby's CV system different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Variable:
- brachycardia and/or tachycardia common
- less mature rate, pressure and flow control --> can cause bursting of arteries/bleeding
May have unclosed PDA
, How is a pre-term baby's arousal levels different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Arousal likely to be affected by medical complications and physiotherapy interventions
How is a pre-term baby's thermoregulation different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Poor temperature control (very thin skin)
Can expend lots of energy attempting to maintain temperature
How is a pre-term baby's feeding different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER Mature
sucking not present until 32-34wk --> usually fed with NGT or TPN initially
Feed intolerance common
How is a pre-term baby's movement different to that of a term baby? - ANSWER
Extensor/flexor imbalance
Lower active and passive tone
Struggles to move against gravity
Movement is jerky
Lots of startles
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Motor - ANSWER CP: 10-15% higher risk
DCD: 50% higher risk
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Sensory - ANSWER Sensory difficulties
Visual impairment
Hearing impairment
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Cognitive - ANSWER Decreased
- IQ, language
- information processing
- attention, memory
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
Education - ANSWER Decreased reading, spelling, writing
What are common pre-term outcomes regarding:
