NUSCTX 10 MIDTERM 1 Questions with
Correct Answers
Role of genetics w/ insulin resistance genetics has an effect on the development of the
diseases caused by insulin resistance. Diet and lifestyle can sometimes override impact on
genetics
Metabolic Syndrome - Condition multiple metabolic anomalies
For metabolic syndrome, you must 3 of 5: 1) Fasting glucose > 100 mg/dL
2) Weight cirumference: >100 mg/dL
3) Serum triglycerides > 150 mg/dL
4) HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in men and < 50 mg/dL in women
5) Blood pressure > 130/85
,Obesity may lead to the following conditions: - sleep apnea
-Cognitive Dysfunction (Alzheimer's)
-Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
-Cancer
Fitness vs Fatness Fitness: capacity to do aerobic work (endurance exercise)
Fatness: amount of body fat
Fitness improves: - Capacity to transport oxygen to tissues
- Capacity of tissues to utilize oxygen
- Risk factors for disease (blood cholesterol, blood pressure, blood glucose etc)
, - (May reduce) disease risk
Fit individuals have a lower mortality rate that unfit people ____________ regardless of
fatness
_________________ individuals can have a high amount of body fat Normal weight
Types of fat and fat cells - Visceral fat: "central" or "apple-shaped" obesity associated w/
much worse health outcomes
- Subcutaneous fat: gluteo-femoral or "pear-shaped"
- Hypertrophic fat cells = large size & are worse for health b/c they may get into blood
- Hyperplastic fat cells = many small fat cells
As weight is __________, energy expenditure _______________. Will eventually stabilize
unless
calorie intake continues to ___________. gained, increases, increase
Correct Answers
Role of genetics w/ insulin resistance genetics has an effect on the development of the
diseases caused by insulin resistance. Diet and lifestyle can sometimes override impact on
genetics
Metabolic Syndrome - Condition multiple metabolic anomalies
For metabolic syndrome, you must 3 of 5: 1) Fasting glucose > 100 mg/dL
2) Weight cirumference: >100 mg/dL
3) Serum triglycerides > 150 mg/dL
4) HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in men and < 50 mg/dL in women
5) Blood pressure > 130/85
,Obesity may lead to the following conditions: - sleep apnea
-Cognitive Dysfunction (Alzheimer's)
-Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
-Cancer
Fitness vs Fatness Fitness: capacity to do aerobic work (endurance exercise)
Fatness: amount of body fat
Fitness improves: - Capacity to transport oxygen to tissues
- Capacity of tissues to utilize oxygen
- Risk factors for disease (blood cholesterol, blood pressure, blood glucose etc)
, - (May reduce) disease risk
Fit individuals have a lower mortality rate that unfit people ____________ regardless of
fatness
_________________ individuals can have a high amount of body fat Normal weight
Types of fat and fat cells - Visceral fat: "central" or "apple-shaped" obesity associated w/
much worse health outcomes
- Subcutaneous fat: gluteo-femoral or "pear-shaped"
- Hypertrophic fat cells = large size & are worse for health b/c they may get into blood
- Hyperplastic fat cells = many small fat cells
As weight is __________, energy expenditure _______________. Will eventually stabilize
unless
calorie intake continues to ___________. gained, increases, increase
