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education - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the process through which academic, social,
and cultural ideas and tools are developed
functional illiteracy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the inability to read or write well
enough to function in society
innumeracy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔having insufficient math skills to function in
society
manifest functions of schools - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1. to train and socialize
students
2. create social cohesion
3. transmit culture from generation to generation
4. sort students, presumably by merit
-schools transmit values, beliefs, and attitudes that are important in society
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,human capital - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔refers to the knowledge and skills that
make someone more productive and bankable
latent functions of schools - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1. create a youth culture and a
marriage market
2. create a custodial and surveillance system for children
3. maintain wage levels by keeping students out of the job market
4. occasionally becoming a 'school of dissent' that oppose authority
1966 Coleman Report - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔showed the family background and
peers explained diff in achievement among schools, rather than diff in
school resources as expected
smaller class sizes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔have a positive impact on student
performance
private school students - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔perform better academically then
their peers at public schools, in part due to academic and behavioral diff
tracking - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔dividing students into different classes according
to ability or future plans; there are a # of negative effects and may be more
beneficial for those who are already privileged
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, The Pygmalion Effect/Self-fulfilling prophecy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the process
that occurs when behavior is modified to meet preexisting expectations
low-achieving students - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔placed in a classroom w/ mostly
high-achieving students ten to improve rather than fall behind and vice-
versa
Before WW2 vs. after - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔before-most colleges were limited to
children of a wealthy elite
after-educators argued that the country would be stronger if colleges
admitted capable students regardless of background or ability to pay
-The GI bill assisted these efforts
admission points - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔students received these if a parent
graduated from the college to which they are applying (ex. Bush w/ Yale)
Views on class privilege - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-without the generosity of the
alumni, college tuition could increase by as much as 2/3; everyone who
goes to college benefits through legacy and development admissions
Advocates of meritocracy:
1. oppose special treatment for any group
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