Final_Examination_Study_Guide_2025
1. What organ does cystic �brosis af- A�ects the pancreas causing secretions into the lungs
fect?
2. What is Klinefelter syndrome? An extra X chromosome for males so example XXY caus-
ing female-like qualities
3. What is Turner Syndrome? females. missing or deformed x chromosome. right
hemisphere dysfunction, hearing loss, ear infection,
language and articulation disorders, visual spatial and
attentional problems
4. What is beta thalassemia? a condition in which the synthesis of the beta-globin
chains is decreased or absent. Causes low hemoglobin.
5. Which medication is contraindicat- Ferrous Sulfate
ed in a patient with Beta Tha-
lassemia?
6. What drug is used in combination Glucocorticoids
with other agent to treat lymphoid
tissue (leukemia). Directly toxic to
lymphoid tissues Selective estro-
gen receptor modulators (SERM) -
for hormone receptor positive and
advanced breast cancer. (Tomax-
a�n - reduces risk and recurrence
risk)
7. What is the normal ejection frac- 55-60%. Less than 50% is BAD
tion?
8. Preserved
, Is an ejection fraction of 50% re-
duced or preserved?
9. What are symptoms of left sided Think PULMONARY. JVD, FVO, rails, S3 murmurs. Num-
heart failure? ber one cause of right sided heart failure!
10. What are symptoms of right sided Think peripheral vascular. Lower extremity edema, ab-
heart failure? dominal distension.
11. What is the gold standard lab test BNP. Heart failure is a result greater than 100
for heart failure?
12. What heart disease is worse with Ischemic heart disease because the demand require-
exertion? ments are higher.
13. What should you assess before giv- Apical pulse
ing Digoxin?
14. How should Warfarin be started? Start initial dose at half to monitor the e�ects
15. What causes the destruction of Emphysema
alveolar walls? Air goes in but can't
get out which leads to hyperin a-
tion
16. What causes excess mucus produc- Bronchitis
tion and smooth muscle hypertro-
phy?
17. What is a chronic in ammatory ob- Asthma, Triggers cause mucus to clog bronchial tubes.
struction of bronchi?
18.