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2025
Accomodation Reflex
The adjustment of the eyes for viewing at various distances. Meaning the pupils will automatically
constrict as objects move closer and dilate as objects move further away.
Addiction
Habitual, psychological, and physiological dependence on a substance beyond one's voluntary
control.
Additive Effect
two drugs with similar actions are taken for an increased effect
Afferent Nerves
sensory nerves
alkaloid
A chemical that is found in, and can be physically extracted from, some substance. For example,
Morphine is a natural alkaloid of Opoim. It does not require a chemical reaction to produce
Morphine from Opuim.
Analgesic
A drug that relieves or allays pain
Analog (of a drug)
A chemical that is very similar to the drug, both in terms of molecular structure and in terms of
psychoactive effects. For example, the drug Ketamine is an analog of PCP.
Anesthetic
A drug that produces a general or local insensibility to pain and other sensation
antagonistic effect
Occurs when a drug causes an action and another drug causes an opposite action, the effect cannot
be predicted
arrhythmia
Abnormal heart rhythm
artery
,A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
autonomic nerve
A motor nerve that carries messages to the muscles and organs that we do not consciously control.
There are two kinds of autonomic nerves, the sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves.
axon
the part of a neuron that sends out a neurotransmitter
bad trip
A hallucination where the user becomes panic-stricken by what he/she is seeing or hearing, and may
become uncontrollably excited, or even try to flee from the terror.
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)
the amount of alcohol in a person's blood, expressed as a percentage
Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC)
The percentage of alcohol in a person's breath, as measured by a breath testing device.
bipolar disorder
mood disorder in one experiences both manic and depressed episodes
blood pressure (BP)
The force exerted by blood on the walls of arteries. blood pressure changes continuously, as the
heart cycles between contraction and expansion
brady cardia
slow heart rate
bradypnea
abnormally slow breathing
bruxism
Grinding the teeth. This behavior is often seen in persons who are under the influence of cocaine or
other CNS stimulants
cannabis
This is the drug category that includes marijuana. marijuana comes primarily from the leaves of
certain species of Cannabis plants that grow readily all over the temperate zones of the earth.
Hashish is another drug in this category and consists of the compressed leaves from female cannabis
plants. The active ingredient in both marijuana and hashish is a chemical called delta-9
tetrahydrocannabinol, usually abbreviated as THC
carboxy thc
a metabolite of THC
Central Nervous System (CNS)
, brain, brain stem, and spinal cord
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
abnormal pattern of breathing. marked by breathlessness and deep, fast breathing
CNS depressants
One of the seven drug categories. CNS depressants include alcohol, barbiturates, anti-anxiety
tranquilizers, and numerous other drugs
CNS stimulants
One of the seven drug categories. CNS stimulants include cocaine, the amphetamines, ritalin,
desoxyn, and numerous other drugs
Conjunctivitis
Pink eye
convergence
the crossing of the eyes that occurs when a person is able to focus on a stimulus as it is pushed
slowly toward the bridge of their nose
Crack/Rock
Cocaine base, appears as a hard chunk form resembling pebbles or small rocks. It produces a very
intense, but relatively short duration "high".
curriculum vitae (CV)
A written summary of a person's education, training, experience, noteworthy achievements and
other relevant information about a particular topic.
cyclic behavior
A manifestation of impairment due to certain drugs, in which the suspect alternates between
periods (or cycles) of intense agitation and relative calm. Cyclic behavior, for example, sometimes
will be observed in persons under the influence of PCP.
delirium
a brief state characterized by incoherent excitement, confused speech, restlessness, and possible
hallucinations
dendrite
the part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons and relays it to the cell body
diabetes
A condition that can result in insulin shock (taking too much insulin) which may produce tremors,
increased blood pressure, rapid respiration, lack of coordination, headache, confusion, and seizures.
diacetyl morphine
The chemical name for Heroin.