ECPI: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 2:
CHAPTER 23: PREGNANCY Exam
Question With Correct Answers
Cleav- - Answer - ✔✔-To divide
Post- - Answer - ✔✔-Behind, after, later
Pre- - Answer - ✔✔-Before
Troph- - Answer - ✔✔-Organism obtaining its food in a specified way
How does pregnancy begin? - Answer - ✔✔-Sperm and secondary oocyte unite in
fertilization, forming a zygote, pregnancy begins
How does fertilization takes place? - Answer - ✔✔-- Union of secondary oocyte and
sperm cell
- Oocyte survives 12-24 hours after ovulation
Sperm Cells Joining Secondary Oocyte: - Answer - ✔✔-- Sperm first invades corona
radiata (layers of follicular cells that surround oocyte), dissolving it with acrosomal
enzymes
- Sperm digest the zona pellucida (glycoprotein layer closes to secondary oocyte)
- Only 1 sperm will actually penetrate oocyte's membrane and fertilize it
- As sperm nucleus enters oocyte, secondary oocyte completes meiosis II, producing
tiny polar body and alarge cell that contains a nucleus with a female's genetic
contribution
- Pronuclei now unite to form a zygote (fertilized egg) containing 46 chromosomes
Pregnancy & Prenatal Period: - Answer - ✔✔-- 3 trimesters (each about 3 months)
Prenatal period divided into 2 stages:
- Embryonic stage
- Fetal stage
When can you detect a heartbeat in a fetus? - Answer - ✔✔-5 weeks and 5 days
Embryonic Stage: - Answer - ✔✔-- From day 1 --> 8th week of pregnancy
- Organogenesis (formation of organs) occurs
- Starts placenta formation
Fetal Stage: - Answer - ✔✔-- 9th week --> 40th week
, - Organs just grow
Zygote: - Answer - ✔✔-- 12-24 hours after ovulation
- Secondary oocyte fertilized, meiosis completed, zygote has 46 chromosomes
Cleavage: - Answer - ✔✔-- Rapid cell division and distribution of zygote's cytoplasm
into progressively smaller cells
- The cells produced are called: BLASTOMERES (cells that form morula)
- Mitosis increases cell numbers
- Divide without increasing cytoplasm in size
Morula: - Answer - ✔✔-Solid ball of 16 cells
Blastocyst: - Answer - ✔✔-- Hollow ball of cells that attaches to the endometrium of
uterus
- Implantation on 7th day after fertilization
Trophoblast: - Answer - ✔✔-- Cells forming wall of blastocyst
- Produces hcG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which maintains corpus luteum during
early pregnancy.
hcG: - Answer - ✔✔-- Human chorionic gonadotropin
- Maintains corpus luteum during early pregnancy
- Made by cells formed in placenta
Placenta: - Answer - ✔✔-- Vascular structure formed by cells of trophoblast and
endometrium.
- Hybrid organ formed partly from chorion (baby) and endometrium (mother)
Implantation: - Answer - ✔✔-- Nestling of blastocyst into endometrium (uterine lining)
Amniotic Sac: - Answer - ✔✔-- Surrounds embryo (closest to baby)
- Amniotic fluid is to protect and cushion embryo/fetus
Chorion: - Answer - ✔✔-- Second layer of cells begin to line trophoblast, and they form
the chorion
- Outermost extraembryonic membrane
- Closer to uterine wall
Umbilical Cord: - Answer - ✔✔-- Connects umbilicus of embryo to placenta
Allantois: - Answer - ✔✔-Makes urinary bladder and umbilical cord
Yolk Sac: - Answer - ✔✔-Nourishes embryo
CHAPTER 23: PREGNANCY Exam
Question With Correct Answers
Cleav- - Answer - ✔✔-To divide
Post- - Answer - ✔✔-Behind, after, later
Pre- - Answer - ✔✔-Before
Troph- - Answer - ✔✔-Organism obtaining its food in a specified way
How does pregnancy begin? - Answer - ✔✔-Sperm and secondary oocyte unite in
fertilization, forming a zygote, pregnancy begins
How does fertilization takes place? - Answer - ✔✔-- Union of secondary oocyte and
sperm cell
- Oocyte survives 12-24 hours after ovulation
Sperm Cells Joining Secondary Oocyte: - Answer - ✔✔-- Sperm first invades corona
radiata (layers of follicular cells that surround oocyte), dissolving it with acrosomal
enzymes
- Sperm digest the zona pellucida (glycoprotein layer closes to secondary oocyte)
- Only 1 sperm will actually penetrate oocyte's membrane and fertilize it
- As sperm nucleus enters oocyte, secondary oocyte completes meiosis II, producing
tiny polar body and alarge cell that contains a nucleus with a female's genetic
contribution
- Pronuclei now unite to form a zygote (fertilized egg) containing 46 chromosomes
Pregnancy & Prenatal Period: - Answer - ✔✔-- 3 trimesters (each about 3 months)
Prenatal period divided into 2 stages:
- Embryonic stage
- Fetal stage
When can you detect a heartbeat in a fetus? - Answer - ✔✔-5 weeks and 5 days
Embryonic Stage: - Answer - ✔✔-- From day 1 --> 8th week of pregnancy
- Organogenesis (formation of organs) occurs
- Starts placenta formation
Fetal Stage: - Answer - ✔✔-- 9th week --> 40th week
, - Organs just grow
Zygote: - Answer - ✔✔-- 12-24 hours after ovulation
- Secondary oocyte fertilized, meiosis completed, zygote has 46 chromosomes
Cleavage: - Answer - ✔✔-- Rapid cell division and distribution of zygote's cytoplasm
into progressively smaller cells
- The cells produced are called: BLASTOMERES (cells that form morula)
- Mitosis increases cell numbers
- Divide without increasing cytoplasm in size
Morula: - Answer - ✔✔-Solid ball of 16 cells
Blastocyst: - Answer - ✔✔-- Hollow ball of cells that attaches to the endometrium of
uterus
- Implantation on 7th day after fertilization
Trophoblast: - Answer - ✔✔-- Cells forming wall of blastocyst
- Produces hcG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which maintains corpus luteum during
early pregnancy.
hcG: - Answer - ✔✔-- Human chorionic gonadotropin
- Maintains corpus luteum during early pregnancy
- Made by cells formed in placenta
Placenta: - Answer - ✔✔-- Vascular structure formed by cells of trophoblast and
endometrium.
- Hybrid organ formed partly from chorion (baby) and endometrium (mother)
Implantation: - Answer - ✔✔-- Nestling of blastocyst into endometrium (uterine lining)
Amniotic Sac: - Answer - ✔✔-- Surrounds embryo (closest to baby)
- Amniotic fluid is to protect and cushion embryo/fetus
Chorion: - Answer - ✔✔-- Second layer of cells begin to line trophoblast, and they form
the chorion
- Outermost extraembryonic membrane
- Closer to uterine wall
Umbilical Cord: - Answer - ✔✔-- Connects umbilicus of embryo to placenta
Allantois: - Answer - ✔✔-Makes urinary bladder and umbilical cord
Yolk Sac: - Answer - ✔✔-Nourishes embryo
