Orthopedic Nursing review Course Exam
with Complete Solutions
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANS-* Systemic, Multi system inflammatory disorder
* Affects synovial membrane of the joints
* Periods of exacerbation and remissions
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presentation - ANS-* Uniform joint space narrowing
* Peak onset ages 40-60
* Hypertrophied synovium (lining) thickens an invades surrounding tissue
* Nodules in the joints
* Morning Stiffness and stiffness after rest
* Generalized fatigue
* Ulnar deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis Epidemiology/Pathophysiology - ANS-* Genetic predisposition
* Laxity, sublaxation and contractures
Osteoarthritis - ANS-Slow, progressive, non-inflammatory
Affects spine, fingers, knees and hips
Osteophyte or bone spurs are common with what disease? - ANS-Osteoarthritis
The gold standard test for this disease is radiographic changes - ANS-Osteoarthritis
Symptoms Osteoarthritis - ANS-* Asymmetric joints
* AM Stiffness
* Stiffness with inactivity
* Stiffness with weather changes
* Antalgic gait-limp or giving way sensation
* Joint crepitus
* Knock kneed or bow-legged
* Heberden's Nodes
* Bouchard's Nodes
Valgus knees is the same as - ANS-Knock knees
Varus knees is the same as - ANS-Bow legged
Heberden's Nodes are in what joint? - ANS-Distal (DIP)
,Bouchard's nodes are in what joint? - ANS-Proximal (PIP)
This is the first drug of choice for treating Osteoarthritis - ANS-Acetaminopehn (Tylenol)
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Anterior approach benefits and cons - ANS-Pro: less soft tissue disturbance
Less precautions after SX
3-4 inch incision
Cons: Technically challenging
Anterior Hip precautions - ANS-* Avoid hip extension
* Avoid external rotation
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Posterior-Lateral approach benefits and cons - ANS-Pro: Tried and True
method/Traditional
Requires more physician training
Cons: More precautions after SX
8-12 inch incision
Posterior Hip Precautions - ANS-* No flexion > 90 degrees
* No adduction
* No internal rotation (leg crossing)
Hip dislocation presentation - ANS-* Shortening/Rotation of affected extremity
* Pain with inability to bear weight
How many vertebae are in the C spine? - ANS-7
How many vertebrae are in the T spine? - ANS-12
How many vertebrae are in the L spine? - ANS-5
How many vertebrae are in the S spine? - ANS-5
What is a herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP)? - ANS-The rupture of a disc in the spine
* the rupture causes leaking with pain and pressure
What are signs and symptoms of a herniated disc? - ANS-* Back Pain-increased with
sitting/driving
*Lower extremity pain with numbness
* Muscle weakness -nerve distribution
* Pain with the straight leg raise test
, What is the classic test to determine herniated disc? - ANS-Straight Leg Raise
What is the gold standard conservative treatment for a herniated disc? - ANS-* Bed
rest-Max of 3 days
What are the symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANS-* New onset of bowel or
bladder incontinence
* Numbness in the saddle area or perineum
What is the cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANS-Pressure on the plexus nerve in
the lumbar spine
What is the treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANS-Immediate decompressive
laminectomy
This spinal disorder is a Pars Interarticularis defect? - ANS-Spondylolysis
This spinal disorder is an anterior translation of one vertebra on another (or slipped
forward)? - ANS-Spondylolisthesis
This is a posterior hump in the thoracic spine - ANS-Kyphosis
This spinal disorder is associated with Scheurmann's Disease, is neuromuscular and
presents with ankylosing spondylitis? - ANS-Kyphosis
What does NPO mean? - ANS-Nil Per Os/Nothing by mouth
What is the standard time frame for a patient to be NPO prior to SX? - ANS-6 hours
What are the main allergies that should be checked for prior to SX? - ANS-Shellfish
* Bedadine
* Seafood
* Medications
* Metal
* Latex
This SX associated condition can occur do to the following: IV access, blood loss, fluid
overload, urine output - ANS-Fluid Volume Deficit
This condition is an inherited hypermetabolic syndrome? - ANS-Malignant hyperthermia
Triggers for Malignant hyperthermia are: - ANS-* Neuromuscular blocking agents-
SUCCINYLCHOLINE
* Certain anesthetic agents
What is the first drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia? - ANS-Dantrolene
with Complete Solutions
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANS-* Systemic, Multi system inflammatory disorder
* Affects synovial membrane of the joints
* Periods of exacerbation and remissions
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presentation - ANS-* Uniform joint space narrowing
* Peak onset ages 40-60
* Hypertrophied synovium (lining) thickens an invades surrounding tissue
* Nodules in the joints
* Morning Stiffness and stiffness after rest
* Generalized fatigue
* Ulnar deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis Epidemiology/Pathophysiology - ANS-* Genetic predisposition
* Laxity, sublaxation and contractures
Osteoarthritis - ANS-Slow, progressive, non-inflammatory
Affects spine, fingers, knees and hips
Osteophyte or bone spurs are common with what disease? - ANS-Osteoarthritis
The gold standard test for this disease is radiographic changes - ANS-Osteoarthritis
Symptoms Osteoarthritis - ANS-* Asymmetric joints
* AM Stiffness
* Stiffness with inactivity
* Stiffness with weather changes
* Antalgic gait-limp or giving way sensation
* Joint crepitus
* Knock kneed or bow-legged
* Heberden's Nodes
* Bouchard's Nodes
Valgus knees is the same as - ANS-Knock knees
Varus knees is the same as - ANS-Bow legged
Heberden's Nodes are in what joint? - ANS-Distal (DIP)
,Bouchard's nodes are in what joint? - ANS-Proximal (PIP)
This is the first drug of choice for treating Osteoarthritis - ANS-Acetaminopehn (Tylenol)
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Anterior approach benefits and cons - ANS-Pro: less soft tissue disturbance
Less precautions after SX
3-4 inch incision
Cons: Technically challenging
Anterior Hip precautions - ANS-* Avoid hip extension
* Avoid external rotation
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Posterior-Lateral approach benefits and cons - ANS-Pro: Tried and True
method/Traditional
Requires more physician training
Cons: More precautions after SX
8-12 inch incision
Posterior Hip Precautions - ANS-* No flexion > 90 degrees
* No adduction
* No internal rotation (leg crossing)
Hip dislocation presentation - ANS-* Shortening/Rotation of affected extremity
* Pain with inability to bear weight
How many vertebae are in the C spine? - ANS-7
How many vertebrae are in the T spine? - ANS-12
How many vertebrae are in the L spine? - ANS-5
How many vertebrae are in the S spine? - ANS-5
What is a herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP)? - ANS-The rupture of a disc in the spine
* the rupture causes leaking with pain and pressure
What are signs and symptoms of a herniated disc? - ANS-* Back Pain-increased with
sitting/driving
*Lower extremity pain with numbness
* Muscle weakness -nerve distribution
* Pain with the straight leg raise test
, What is the classic test to determine herniated disc? - ANS-Straight Leg Raise
What is the gold standard conservative treatment for a herniated disc? - ANS-* Bed
rest-Max of 3 days
What are the symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANS-* New onset of bowel or
bladder incontinence
* Numbness in the saddle area or perineum
What is the cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANS-Pressure on the plexus nerve in
the lumbar spine
What is the treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANS-Immediate decompressive
laminectomy
This spinal disorder is a Pars Interarticularis defect? - ANS-Spondylolysis
This spinal disorder is an anterior translation of one vertebra on another (or slipped
forward)? - ANS-Spondylolisthesis
This is a posterior hump in the thoracic spine - ANS-Kyphosis
This spinal disorder is associated with Scheurmann's Disease, is neuromuscular and
presents with ankylosing spondylitis? - ANS-Kyphosis
What does NPO mean? - ANS-Nil Per Os/Nothing by mouth
What is the standard time frame for a patient to be NPO prior to SX? - ANS-6 hours
What are the main allergies that should be checked for prior to SX? - ANS-Shellfish
* Bedadine
* Seafood
* Medications
* Metal
* Latex
This SX associated condition can occur do to the following: IV access, blood loss, fluid
overload, urine output - ANS-Fluid Volume Deficit
This condition is an inherited hypermetabolic syndrome? - ANS-Malignant hyperthermia
Triggers for Malignant hyperthermia are: - ANS-* Neuromuscular blocking agents-
SUCCINYLCHOLINE
* Certain anesthetic agents
What is the first drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia? - ANS-Dantrolene
