RD EXAM: MNT UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the normal range for albumin? - CORRECT ANSWER - 3.5-5.0 g/dl
When is albumin increased? decreased? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc: dehydration
dec: overhydration, inadequate protein intake, protein malabsorption, impaired synthesis (CHF,
cirrhosis, acute stress), excess loss (burns, nephrotic syndrome, pressure ulcers)
Where is albumin a good predictor of nutrition status? - CORRECT ANSWER - long term
care setting
half life is 12-21 days
What is the normal range for transferrin? - CORRECT ANSWER - males: 215-365 mg/dl
females: 250-380 mg/dl
half life: 8-10.5 days
What is transferrin increased with? decreased with? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc: iron
deficiency anemia, pregnancy 3rd trimester), chronic blood loss
- increased in iron def. anemia because it's attempting to transport ferritin- the tissue storage
form of iron
dec: protein calorie malnutrition, pernicious anemia, iron overload (ex massive blood
transfusions). chronic infection
What is the purpose of transferrin?
Is transferrin a good indicator of visceral iron? - CORRECT ANSWER - transports iron-
normally 30-40% saturated with iron
NOT a good indicator of visceral iron because concentration goes up regardless of deficiency
What is the normal range for prealbumin? - CORRECT ANSWER - 15-36 mg/dl
,What is prealbumin increased with? What is it decreased with? - CORRECT ANSWER -
inc: CKD
dec: malnutrition, inflammation/stress/infection, liver damage
is prealbumin a good indicator of nutrition status? - CORRECT ANSWER - better than
albumin since 1/2 life is 2-3 days but it goes up in stress trauma anyways
- neg acute phase respondent
What is the normal range for retinol-binding protein? - CORRECT ANSWER - 2.6-7.6
mg/dl
What is retinol-binding protein increased with? What is it decreased with? - CORRECT
ANSWER - inc: advanced kidney disease
dec: protein-calorie malnutrition, vitamin A/zinc deficiency, chronic liver disease
What is the function of retinol-binding protein?
Is it a good indicator? - CORRECT ANSWER - transports retinol
- limited use because the half life is only 10-12 hours.
What is the normal range of C-reactive protein? - CORRECT ANSWER - <1.0 mg/dl
What is C-reactive protein increased with? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc: bacterial diseases
(bacterial meningitis, acute rheumatic fever), inflammatory disorders
NOT ELEVATED WITH MALNUTRITION UNLESS INFLAMMATION ALSO PRESENT
Is C-reactive protein a negative or positive acute phase protein? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Positive- inverse relationship with albumin and prealbumin
, What are the positive acute phase reactants? - CORRECT ANSWER - C-reactive protein
What are the negative acute phase reactants? - CORRECT ANSWER - albumin,
transferrin, prealbumin, retinol-binding protein
What are the 5 indicators of visceral protein status? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prealbumin,
albumin, C-reactive protein, retinol-binding protein and transferrin
What are the 4 indicators of somatic protein status? - CORRECT ANSWER - Creatinine
height index, mid-arm muscle circumference (adults), upper arm muscle area (kids), nitrogen
balance
Creatinine height index purpose - CORRECT ANSWER - indicator of somatic (muscle)
protein status
- index of lean body mass in clients with normal kidney function
What is creatinine an indicator of? - CORRECT ANSWER - Quantity of muscle mass-
amount excreted is normally the same day to day
-kidney function
What is the creatinine height index calculation? - CORRECT ANSWER - actual urinary
creatinine x 100/ ideal urinary creatinine
Creatinine height index is increased with what? - CORRECT ANSWER - conditions that
increase muscle mass (intensive physical training)
Creatinine height index is decreased with what? - CORRECT ANSWER - protein-calorie
malnutrition, conditions that decrease muscle mass (wasting), and aging (due to decreased
muscle mass)
Interpretations of depletion with the following CHI's:
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the normal range for albumin? - CORRECT ANSWER - 3.5-5.0 g/dl
When is albumin increased? decreased? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc: dehydration
dec: overhydration, inadequate protein intake, protein malabsorption, impaired synthesis (CHF,
cirrhosis, acute stress), excess loss (burns, nephrotic syndrome, pressure ulcers)
Where is albumin a good predictor of nutrition status? - CORRECT ANSWER - long term
care setting
half life is 12-21 days
What is the normal range for transferrin? - CORRECT ANSWER - males: 215-365 mg/dl
females: 250-380 mg/dl
half life: 8-10.5 days
What is transferrin increased with? decreased with? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc: iron
deficiency anemia, pregnancy 3rd trimester), chronic blood loss
- increased in iron def. anemia because it's attempting to transport ferritin- the tissue storage
form of iron
dec: protein calorie malnutrition, pernicious anemia, iron overload (ex massive blood
transfusions). chronic infection
What is the purpose of transferrin?
Is transferrin a good indicator of visceral iron? - CORRECT ANSWER - transports iron-
normally 30-40% saturated with iron
NOT a good indicator of visceral iron because concentration goes up regardless of deficiency
What is the normal range for prealbumin? - CORRECT ANSWER - 15-36 mg/dl
,What is prealbumin increased with? What is it decreased with? - CORRECT ANSWER -
inc: CKD
dec: malnutrition, inflammation/stress/infection, liver damage
is prealbumin a good indicator of nutrition status? - CORRECT ANSWER - better than
albumin since 1/2 life is 2-3 days but it goes up in stress trauma anyways
- neg acute phase respondent
What is the normal range for retinol-binding protein? - CORRECT ANSWER - 2.6-7.6
mg/dl
What is retinol-binding protein increased with? What is it decreased with? - CORRECT
ANSWER - inc: advanced kidney disease
dec: protein-calorie malnutrition, vitamin A/zinc deficiency, chronic liver disease
What is the function of retinol-binding protein?
Is it a good indicator? - CORRECT ANSWER - transports retinol
- limited use because the half life is only 10-12 hours.
What is the normal range of C-reactive protein? - CORRECT ANSWER - <1.0 mg/dl
What is C-reactive protein increased with? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc: bacterial diseases
(bacterial meningitis, acute rheumatic fever), inflammatory disorders
NOT ELEVATED WITH MALNUTRITION UNLESS INFLAMMATION ALSO PRESENT
Is C-reactive protein a negative or positive acute phase protein? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Positive- inverse relationship with albumin and prealbumin
, What are the positive acute phase reactants? - CORRECT ANSWER - C-reactive protein
What are the negative acute phase reactants? - CORRECT ANSWER - albumin,
transferrin, prealbumin, retinol-binding protein
What are the 5 indicators of visceral protein status? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prealbumin,
albumin, C-reactive protein, retinol-binding protein and transferrin
What are the 4 indicators of somatic protein status? - CORRECT ANSWER - Creatinine
height index, mid-arm muscle circumference (adults), upper arm muscle area (kids), nitrogen
balance
Creatinine height index purpose - CORRECT ANSWER - indicator of somatic (muscle)
protein status
- index of lean body mass in clients with normal kidney function
What is creatinine an indicator of? - CORRECT ANSWER - Quantity of muscle mass-
amount excreted is normally the same day to day
-kidney function
What is the creatinine height index calculation? - CORRECT ANSWER - actual urinary
creatinine x 100/ ideal urinary creatinine
Creatinine height index is increased with what? - CORRECT ANSWER - conditions that
increase muscle mass (intensive physical training)
Creatinine height index is decreased with what? - CORRECT ANSWER - protein-calorie
malnutrition, conditions that decrease muscle mass (wasting), and aging (due to decreased
muscle mass)
Interpretations of depletion with the following CHI's:
