AQA A Level Psychology Memory

AQA A Level Psychology Memory
questions
and answers 100%
verified.


Study of capacity of STM correct answersMiller (Immediate Digit Span Test) Jacobs
Support

Study of duration of STM correct answersPeterson and Peterson (Trigrams) 24
students given a consonant syllable and a three digit number ie. THX 512.
They were asked to recall the consonant syllable after a retention interval of 3, 6 , 9, 12
or 15 seconds. During this interval they had to count backwards from their three digit
number. Participants were 90% correct after 3 seconds, 20% correct after 9 and only
2% correct after 18 seconds.
Suggesting it is less than 18 seconds.

Study of duration of LTM correct answersBahrick (Free recall, photo recognition and
name recognition tests)
400 people of various ages were tested on their memory of high school classmates.
They were given a free recall to recall as many class mates as they could. Then they
were given 50 photos, some with people from their school year book. Bahrick found that
recall after 15 years of graduation was 90% accurate from photos, and after 48 years
was 70%. With free recall it was about 60% accurate and 30%. Showing that it is
possibly an unlimited duration for LTM.

Study of encoding correct answersBaddeley (Semantically and Acoustically
Similar/Dissimilar words)
Baddeley had lists of acoustically similar words such as: Cat, cab, can, map, mat, max
etc.
And also semantically similar words: Huge, big, large, titanic, massive etc.

, He found that participants had difficulty remembering acoustically similar words in the
STM and in the LTM struggled with semantically similar words.
He concluded that STM is largely encoded acoustically whereas LTM is encoded
semantically.

2Capacity of STM correct answers7+_ 2 units 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2


Capacity of LTM correct answersPotentially unlimited
2 2 2 2 2 2
2


Duration of STM correct answers30 seconds
2 2 2 2 2 2
2


Duration of LTM correct answerspotentially unlimited
2 2 2 2 2 2
2


Encoding in STM correct answersMainly acoustically
2 2 2 2 2 2
2


Encoding in LTM correct answersMainly semantically
2 2 2 2 2 2
2


MSM of memory correct answersSensory Memory-> Attention->STM-
2 2 2 2 2 2


>(Maintenance rehearsal or) elaborative rehearsal->LTM- 2 2 2 2


>(Retrieval, Interference, Decay Retrieval failure, displacement for STM)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2


What does the MSM model suggest correct answersIt attempts to explain how memory wo
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


rks 2


Memory Consists of multiple stores 2 2 2 2 2


There is a sequence between these stores
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2


Evidence to support the MSM correct answersGlanzer and Cunnitz (primacy and recency
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


effect) 2


HM (LTM gone)
2 2 2


Beardsley (Prefrontal cortex for STM and Hippocampus for Ltm)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


(Bahrick Peterson and Peterson, miller, baddeley)
2 2 2 2 2 2
2


Evaluate the MSM correct answersToo simple (but easier to understand) Supporting Evid
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


ence 2
2


What does the WMM suggest correct answersSTM is made up of multiple stores and the M
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


SM is too simple
2 2 2 2
2


What does the Central Executive do correct answersdirects attention to particular tasks an
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


d controls the 2 slave systems (phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2


What does the phonological loop do correct answersprocesses and retains the order of he
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


ard information
2 22


can be divided into 2 substores
2 2 2 2 2 2
2


What can the phonological loop be divided into correct answersphonological store
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


(stores heard information, inner ear)
2 2 2 2 2


articulatory process (subvocal repetition, inner voice) 2 2 2 2 2 2
2


What does the visuo-
2 2 2


spatial sketchpad do correct answersplans spatial tasks and stores visual or spatial inform
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


ation 2
2