Exam 2 - COM 482 Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+

Exam 2 - COM 482 Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+ The transtheoretical model proposes that: - Answer: Behavioral change progresses on a continuum Behavioral change involves attitude transformation Behavioral change is a transformative process --> Behavioral change progresses through a series of strict stages Which of the following is not one of the stages in the Transtheoretical Model? - Answer: --> Decision Contemplation Maintenance Precontemplation As Mya goes through the process of changing to a gluten free diet she finds herself learning more and more about what the advantages of her new diet and feels like these positives are important benefits and the cons of the diet such as limited food options start to seem less and less important. This is an illustration of what concept? - Answer: --> Decisional balance asymmetry Self-efficacy Self-liberation Process of change Which of the following are the routes to persuasion identified by the ELM? - Answer: Peripheral and heuristic Central and heuristic --> Central and peripheral Central and outer Marie is in the market to purchase a new car. When a car commercial comes on TV she is more likely to use which route of persuasion to evaluate the message: - Answer: --> Central Both Neither Peripheral Adam finds himself disagreeing with the speaker who has come to talk his class about why they should start buying more locally produced foods as he thinks the speaker is very pretentious and is coming off like he thinks he is better than others because of his food decisions. Adam was most likely using what strategy to make his decision? - Answer: Liking heuristic --> Consensus heuristic Evaluation of the message strength Credibility heuristic (Wrong Answer) When setting up an experiment, researchers must define a variable in one of two ways. One can define variables in terms of: - Answer: Observed effects and message length --> Message features and observed effects Message features and intended effects Observed effects and message valence Meghan runs an experiment using a single-message design with one message using a logical appeal and one using an emotional appeal and found that the message with the logical appeal was more persuasive. From her results she can: - Answer: --> Generalize that logical appeals are more persuasive Only cautiously conclude that the logical appeal cause the persuasion Conclude that emotional appeals are less effective Conclude absolutely that the logical appeal cause the persuasion (Wrong Answer) Communicator credibility is comprised of which two dimensions? - Answer: --> Expertise and trustworthiness Logic and experience Expertise and logic Trustworthiness and experience The explanation for why disliked communicators are sometimes more persuasive than liked communicators is because: - Answer: Sometimes disliked communicators have a more impressive educational background Disliked communicators will often argue for a proattitudinal message Messages sometimes perceive them as more authoritative --> Message receivers experience more cognitive dissonance and through dissonance reduction have a great attitude change Adam is a sophomore and is listening to a speaker in his finance class talk about the importance of starting to save for a retirement as soon as possible. Adam is pretty focused on his life right now and has a hard time imagining being out of college, let alone being retired. Because of this, his perception of the speaker's credibility is: - Answer: More important because this information is new information to him --> Less important because he is not engaged in the message Less important because the issue is not personally relevant More important because the issue is not personally relevant (WRONG ANSWER) The Unimodel of Persuasion proposes that: - Answer: --> The route of persuasion one uses depend on his or her underlying belief structure There is one underlying process used to analyze persuasive messages Persuasion is best achieved when focusing on just one route to persuasion The peripheral and central routes are quantitatively different (WRONG ANSWER) One possible explanation for why more specific recommendations in a persuasive message are more persuasive than less specific recommendations is: - Answer: --> Specific recommendations increase perceptions of the speaker's expertise Message receivers engage in less elaboration when there is more detail Less specific recommendations might not be as well understood by the message receivers Specific messages lead to higher perceptions of self-efficacy (WRONG ANSWER) Maria is presenting to her class on why she thinks that vaccines should be mandatory for all children. She goes through each of the reasons why parents may not want to vaccinate their children and explains why these are not sound reasons. Maria is a use what type of message? - Answer: One-sided refutational One-sided --> Two-sided refutational Two-sided non-refutational According to Protection Motivation Theory, which two broad processes influence the adoption of protective behaviors? - Answer: Threat appraisal and response appraisal Threat appraisal and efficacy appraisal Threat appraisal and severity appraisal --> Threat appraisal and coping appraisal How does Need for Cognition (NFC) influence persuasion? - Answer: --> People with higher NFC are more likely to elaborate on the message NFC increase the likelihood that a person will attend to the message People with lower NFC are more likely to elaborate on the message It increases one's ability to process persuasive arguments What are the stages of the TTM in the correct order? - Answer: --> Precontemplation, contemplation, planning, action, maintenance Elaboration, contemplation, planning, action, maintenance Precontemplation, contemplation, dissonance, action, maintenance precontemplation, contemplation, maintenance, planning, action The finding that as people move through the stages of behavior change the perceived importance of the pros of the behavior changes increases at a greater rate than the perceived importance of the cons decreases is called: - Answer: --> Decisional balance asymmetry Decisional balance negativity Decisional imbalance Decisional balance Jane's Need for Cognition is relatively low. When encountering a persuasive message she is most likely to: - Answer: Engage in central processing --> Ignore the message Be persuaded by how attractive the speaker is Thoughtfully consider the persuasive arguments (WRONG ANSWER) According to the textbook, threat appeals that ____________ are more likely to be persuasive: - Answer: --> Contain more intense content The audience can relate to Are from your mother and somewhat passive-aggressive Are presented by Kim and Kanye West