WGU D426 - Data Management Foundations
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_evoyts
1. Data: numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world
systems.
2. analog: Historically, data was mostly ______________, encoded as continuous
variations on various physical media.
3. digital: Today, data is mostly ______________, encoded as zeros and ones on
electronic and magnetic media.
4. database: a collection of data in a structured format. In principle, can be stored on
paper or even clay tablets. In practice, however, modern ones are invariably stored
on computers.
5. database system / database management system / DBMS: software that
reads and writes data in a database. ensure data is secure, internally consistent,
and available at all times. These functions are challenging for large databases with
many users, so data base systems are complex.
6. database application: software that helps business users interact with database
systems.
7. database administrator: - responsible for securing the database system against
unauthorized users.
- enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.
8. database designer: determines the format of each data element and the overall
database structure. Must balance several priorities, including storage, response
time, and support for rules that govern the data. Since these priorities often conflict,
database design is technically challenging.
9. database programmer: develops computer programs that utilize a database.
10. database user: - a consumer of data in a database.
request, update, or use stored data to generate reports or information.
- usually access the database via applications but can also submit queries directly
to the database system.
11. transaction: a group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a
whole. Execution of some, but not all, queries results in inconsistent or incorrect
data.
12. query processor: - interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or
retrieve data, and returns query results to the application.
- manages connections from multiple users and compiles queries into low-level
instructions for the storage engine.
13. query optimization: The query processor performs ______________ to ensure
the most efficient instructions are executed on the data.
14. indexes: used by the storage manager to quickly locate data.
15. transaction manager: ensures transactions are properly executed.
, WGU D426 - Data Management Foundations
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_evoyts
16. log: a file containing a complete record of all inserts, updates, and deletes
processed by the database.
17. relational database: stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a
spreadsheet.
18. SQL: includes statements that read and write data, create and delete tables, and
administer the database system.
19. big data: The growth of the internet in the 1990s generated massive volumes
of online data, often with poorly structured or missing information.
20. NoSQL: The newer non-relational systems, for 'not only SQL', and are optimized
for big data.
21. Open source: software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify with no
licensing fee.
22. query: a command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data,
updates data, or deletes data from a database.
23. query language: a computer programming language for writing database
queries.
24. CRUD: The four common queries are an acronym for Create, Read, Update, and
Delete data.
25. SELECT: retrieves data from a table.
26. UPDATE: modifies data in a table.
27. CREATE TABLE: creates a new table by specifying the table and column names.
28. data type: Each column is assigned a ______________ that indicates the
format of column values and can be numeric, textual, or complex.
29. database design: a specification of database objects such as tables, columns,
data types, and indexes. Also refers to the process used to develop the specification.
30. analysis: specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database
system.
31. ER diagrams: depicts entities, relationships, and attributes.
32. logical design: implements database requirements in a specific database sys-
tem. specifies tables, columns, and keys.
33. key: a column used to identify individual rows of a table.
34. table diagram: depicts the logical design.
35. schema: The logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in a table dia-
gram.
36. data independence: The principle that physical design never affects query
results.
37. application programming interface / API: a library of procedures or classes
that links a host programming language to a database.
38. MySQL: a leading relational database system sponsored by Oracle.
, WGU D426 - Data Management Foundations
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_evoyts
39. MySQL Community /MySQL Server: a free edition.
40. MySQL Enterprise: a paid edition for managing commercial databases, in-
cludes MySQL Server and additional administrative applications.
41. root account: the administrative account that has full control of MySQL.
42. MySQL Command-Line Client: a text interface included in the MySQL Server
download. allows developers to connect to the database server, perform adminis-
trative functions, and execute SQL statements.
43. error code: returned by MySQL Server with a description when an SQL state-
ment is syntactically incorrect or the database cannot execute the statement.
44. MySQL Workbench: is installed with MySQL Server and allows developers to
execute SQL commands using an editor.
45. database model: a conceptual framework for database systems, with three
parts:
- Data structures: that prescribe how data is organized.
- Operations: that manipulate data structures.
- Rules: that govern valid data.
46. relational model: a database model based on a tabular data structure. The
model was published in 1970 by E. F. Codd of IBM and released in commercial
products around 1980. The data structure, operations, and rules are standardized
in SQL, the universal query language of relational databases.
47. set: an unordered collection of elements enclosed in braces.
48. tuple: an ordered collection of elements enclosed in parentheses.
49. Relational rules: part of the relational model and govern data in every relational
database.
50. Business rules: based on business policy and specific to a particular database.
51. Structured Query Language / SQL: a high-level computer language for storing,
manipulating, and retrieving data.
52. statement: a complete command composed of one or more clauses. An SQL
______________ is a database command, such as a query that inserts, selects,
updates, or deletes data.
53. clause: groups SQL keywords like SELECT, FROM, and WHERE with table
names like City, column names like Name, and conditions like Population > 100000.
54. Data Definition Language: defines the structure of the database.
55. Data Query Language: retrieves data from the database.
56. Data Manipulation Language: manipulates data stored in a database.
57. Data Control Language: controls database user access.
58. Data Transaction Language: manages database transactions.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_evoyts
1. Data: numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world
systems.
2. analog: Historically, data was mostly ______________, encoded as continuous
variations on various physical media.
3. digital: Today, data is mostly ______________, encoded as zeros and ones on
electronic and magnetic media.
4. database: a collection of data in a structured format. In principle, can be stored on
paper or even clay tablets. In practice, however, modern ones are invariably stored
on computers.
5. database system / database management system / DBMS: software that
reads and writes data in a database. ensure data is secure, internally consistent,
and available at all times. These functions are challenging for large databases with
many users, so data base systems are complex.
6. database application: software that helps business users interact with database
systems.
7. database administrator: - responsible for securing the database system against
unauthorized users.
- enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.
8. database designer: determines the format of each data element and the overall
database structure. Must balance several priorities, including storage, response
time, and support for rules that govern the data. Since these priorities often conflict,
database design is technically challenging.
9. database programmer: develops computer programs that utilize a database.
10. database user: - a consumer of data in a database.
request, update, or use stored data to generate reports or information.
- usually access the database via applications but can also submit queries directly
to the database system.
11. transaction: a group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a
whole. Execution of some, but not all, queries results in inconsistent or incorrect
data.
12. query processor: - interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or
retrieve data, and returns query results to the application.
- manages connections from multiple users and compiles queries into low-level
instructions for the storage engine.
13. query optimization: The query processor performs ______________ to ensure
the most efficient instructions are executed on the data.
14. indexes: used by the storage manager to quickly locate data.
15. transaction manager: ensures transactions are properly executed.
, WGU D426 - Data Management Foundations
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_evoyts
16. log: a file containing a complete record of all inserts, updates, and deletes
processed by the database.
17. relational database: stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a
spreadsheet.
18. SQL: includes statements that read and write data, create and delete tables, and
administer the database system.
19. big data: The growth of the internet in the 1990s generated massive volumes
of online data, often with poorly structured or missing information.
20. NoSQL: The newer non-relational systems, for 'not only SQL', and are optimized
for big data.
21. Open source: software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify with no
licensing fee.
22. query: a command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data,
updates data, or deletes data from a database.
23. query language: a computer programming language for writing database
queries.
24. CRUD: The four common queries are an acronym for Create, Read, Update, and
Delete data.
25. SELECT: retrieves data from a table.
26. UPDATE: modifies data in a table.
27. CREATE TABLE: creates a new table by specifying the table and column names.
28. data type: Each column is assigned a ______________ that indicates the
format of column values and can be numeric, textual, or complex.
29. database design: a specification of database objects such as tables, columns,
data types, and indexes. Also refers to the process used to develop the specification.
30. analysis: specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database
system.
31. ER diagrams: depicts entities, relationships, and attributes.
32. logical design: implements database requirements in a specific database sys-
tem. specifies tables, columns, and keys.
33. key: a column used to identify individual rows of a table.
34. table diagram: depicts the logical design.
35. schema: The logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in a table dia-
gram.
36. data independence: The principle that physical design never affects query
results.
37. application programming interface / API: a library of procedures or classes
that links a host programming language to a database.
38. MySQL: a leading relational database system sponsored by Oracle.
, WGU D426 - Data Management Foundations
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_evoyts
39. MySQL Community /MySQL Server: a free edition.
40. MySQL Enterprise: a paid edition for managing commercial databases, in-
cludes MySQL Server and additional administrative applications.
41. root account: the administrative account that has full control of MySQL.
42. MySQL Command-Line Client: a text interface included in the MySQL Server
download. allows developers to connect to the database server, perform adminis-
trative functions, and execute SQL statements.
43. error code: returned by MySQL Server with a description when an SQL state-
ment is syntactically incorrect or the database cannot execute the statement.
44. MySQL Workbench: is installed with MySQL Server and allows developers to
execute SQL commands using an editor.
45. database model: a conceptual framework for database systems, with three
parts:
- Data structures: that prescribe how data is organized.
- Operations: that manipulate data structures.
- Rules: that govern valid data.
46. relational model: a database model based on a tabular data structure. The
model was published in 1970 by E. F. Codd of IBM and released in commercial
products around 1980. The data structure, operations, and rules are standardized
in SQL, the universal query language of relational databases.
47. set: an unordered collection of elements enclosed in braces.
48. tuple: an ordered collection of elements enclosed in parentheses.
49. Relational rules: part of the relational model and govern data in every relational
database.
50. Business rules: based on business policy and specific to a particular database.
51. Structured Query Language / SQL: a high-level computer language for storing,
manipulating, and retrieving data.
52. statement: a complete command composed of one or more clauses. An SQL
______________ is a database command, such as a query that inserts, selects,
updates, or deletes data.
53. clause: groups SQL keywords like SELECT, FROM, and WHERE with table
names like City, column names like Name, and conditions like Population > 100000.
54. Data Definition Language: defines the structure of the database.
55. Data Query Language: retrieves data from the database.
56. Data Manipulation Language: manipulates data stored in a database.
57. Data Control Language: controls database user access.
58. Data Transaction Language: manages database transactions.
